No 5 (2015)

The article, based on the analysis of departmental statistics, highlights the training of foreign citizens in the Russian language in Russian higher education. Analyzes the performance study of the Russian language in different programs, full-time and part-time. There have been the country with the largest number of their representatives, studying the Russian language, as well as universities, leaders in the contingent of foreign students, interns, graduate students of Russian language. It is concluded that insufficient use of the potential of Russian higher education in Russian language teaching foreigners and formulated a number of recommendations in this area.

The article focuses on the phenomenon of institutional subordinative bilingualism and multilingualism and its manifestation in the convergences between different languages. It indents to present the problem of plurilingual education and didactic platform in the context of national specific dimensions across the globe. The importance of the phenomenon ‘national institutional subordinative bilingualism’ must be emphasized through enhancing its relevant features as a base for foreign language teaching and learning at national school, i.e. the mobile dynamic nature of the institutional subordinative bilingualism is a key point a of languages learning depending on the character of interconnected correlation of languages (transfer, interference). Under these circumstances, a student may progressively master different stages of a second (Russian) language proficiency. Specific learning environment has an impact on the process of acquiring foreign language skills, and predetermines to a great extent the categories of aims, content, principles, organizational forms of teaching, as well as, the achievement of final result (outcomes).

In most countries of the former Soviet Union, the domains of use of the Russian language have severely narrowed since 1991. This is to some extent true in Central Asia, in part because of the radical decrease in the share of Slavs in the population. However, in contrast to such regions as the South Caucasus and Baltic countries, in Central Asia, Russian continues to be widely used in “prestige domains.”

Multilingual model of education at schools of Bishkek, where Kyrgyz is the state language and Russian has the status of official language are used as educating languages, is more preferable. This is due to the fact that this model provides better language acquisition of the state Kyrgyz language according to the standards that is necessary for socialization of the individual in the country and using Russian as a complementary and effective tool for adaptation and promotion in Russian language environment. As for the study of the native languages such as Uzbek, Dungan, Uighur, and others, this would contribute both to the preservation of the national and cultural identity of an individual and the originality of ethnic diversities inhabiting Kyrgyzstan.

In this article is analyzed the problem of person formation in bilingual families in condition of multilingualism of Moldova. Educational policy helps in development of bilingual personality in families and institutions of education. Psychological - pedagogical side of personal socialization was analyzed, and also its preparing for multicultural life.In the article is appreciated the situation of personal development in Republic of Moldova, in particular Romanian - Russian bilinguals, inherited from previous ages. There is discussed about the fast changes, when our state started to develop in that way to declare independence. This event led to competition between the right and left political side. There is indicated on removement of monolingual national idea, this made the country to be divided into two coasts on Dniester River.In this article is showed the relation in formation and self-realization of bilingual and bicultural personality, in special circumstances, there are shown problems and ways of its resolving. Dates are recommended to bilingual families and educational institutions; in education of children in conditions of Romanian - Russian bilinguals.

In this article the necessity of methodological and methodical supply of interview test considered as a new for the Russian testology form of Russian as a foreign language level control, is proved. Specific features of the linguodidactic interview test are revealed and characterized. Strategies of communicative behavior of testor conducting the linguodidactic interview test are defined and systemized.

On an advanced level (2 certification level) the main role is devoted to formation of students` major abilities and skills. The exam is to be reasonably separated in two parts: an academic-professional control and general ability to speak Russian. In the first part of the examination attention should be paid to students` ability to build a morphological statement in professional (medical) area: talk about etiology, clinical picture, diagnosis and a disease treatment, prove the effectiveness of using a drug to treat a disease, describe a clinical practice. In the second part of the examination a dialogue is to be suggested on a chosen topic to express personal point of view on a given subject. Such examination structure allows to control all students` abilities and skills that have formed throughout 5 years of studies. In order to prepare students for the examination varied tutorial books have been created on each specialization (“Medicine”, “Stomatology”, “Pharmacy”) taking into account their specific. These tutorial materials offer demo version examination texts, structure of provement and grammar models used as well as explanation plan of a clinical practice. In addition there are templates of the main types of dialogical unities, language group needed for a monologue on speaking ability is also provided. In the attachment there is a plan which allows to make student familiar with the exam ticket structure as well as a text plan sample on a speciality, provement sample and it`s arguments contained in texts` demo versions. Such exam structure enables us to control all range of students` abilities and skills: reading, text analyzing, ability to make a plan, monologic statement, evidence of personal point of view and ability to talk argumentatively.

Article introduces entity of modular training, principles of design of learning modules, points objectives of modular technologies application. Sleights of providing learning material are reflected: structuring of parts, implementation of theoretical knowledge and language examples on level of text; implementation of cognitive oriented and text oriented technologies. Provided structure of learning modules, produces theoretical object-topic and practical components. Provided tasks examples, combining practical component. Contents and structure of learning modules are correlated with cognitive professional and linguistic aspects of engineering communication, acquirement of which is aim of teaching Russian language is technical university.

This article analyzes the typical errors of speech activity of students in the Kazakh language, arising from the interfering influence of the native (Russian) language before learning a foreign language. Interlanguage interference, an attribute of speech activity may occur at different language levels. In the process of learning the Kazakh language of Russian-speaking students were identified cases of transfer characteristics of the native language (Russian) and foreign (English) language in the Kazakh language. This article discusses examples of interference on the phonetic, grammatical and lexical- semantic level.

The appearance of children of foreign migrants have become a new and increasingly popular phenomenon in schools of Moscow and other Russian regions. The article, on the basis of departmental statistics and results of sociological research, describes the composition of foreign students by country of origin, their age characteristics and major constraints of their socio-cultural adaptation. Analyses the policy of the Department of education of the city of Moscow in respect of this category of students. The conclusion about the need to pay more attention to children of foreign migrants by providing them with complete school attendance while strengthening their training in the Russian language.

The purpose of the study was to identify acoustic parameters of the vocable speech of migrants with the help of a sound analyzer PRAAT based on a speaker’s reference utterance that included all vowels of the Russian language. Men from different countries of the world, aged from 30 to 35 years, with similar voice timber participated in the experiment. All of them had studied the Russian language for not less than 2 years and had lived in Russia for not less than 1.5 years. The formant structure of the vowel sounds was investigated. The results of the survey allow us to correlate, first of all, the formant levels resulted from the experiment with the average levels described in scientific literature on phonetics; secondly, to feature phonetic processes typical for the survey’s participants during their speech utterance. The results of the experiment allow us to conclude that the formant parameters of the Russian vowels vary depending on formant parameters of the corresponding sound in the native language of a particular informant, wherein a specific correlation has been also noted related to the family of languages that includes the informant’s native language.

The authors introduce to readers new concepts and terms: «сybertekst» and «ciberimagery», demanded today in the methodology and me. The idea of them was formed from the authors on the material and in the development of their textbooks on Russian as a foreign language.

Today the world has witnessed an active process of migration, which leads to the rising of many problems of different nature that previously never occurred. How to preserve the identity of children, born from intermarriages, through second mother-tongue lessons and how to foster love for this second language? In this article we are talking about the questions in forming bilingualism in children, and in particular about the prestige of different languages in different countries and about what can be the incentives to learning languages in bilingual families. The experience summarized in the article can be useful not only to colleagues working with bilingual children, but also to parents of bilingual children.

The article highlights the relevance of the topic in the light of modern methods of teaching Russian language. Pedagogical practice in the framework of training in higher educational institutions has great potential for the formation of the future teacher. Innovations in the field of higher education relate primarily concerning the professional training of future teachers language and literature. Purpose of the article - to show the role of pedagogical practice of philology students as the most important component of the overall professional development. Author shares his experience of training and guidance of pedagogical practice of students. Presented are some effective methods of communication with students-philologists. It is shown that the use of the dialogic model of learning in the educational process provides continuous feedback to (of) the students with the teacher.

This article devoted to an actual problem of an educational process in conformity with the program of studying Russian as a foreign language at university. In particular, it has examined this type of student’s activity work as a self-studying one acquiring in a connection with new trends it has a dominant role in percentage correlation in comparing with the work in classroom under the guidance of a teacher.At the present time in connection with the requirement of optimization of educational process because of increasing interests among students in final results of educational process an urgent need has appeared to diversity forms of training, activating some various types of self-learning work of students out off classes.The question is arisen how to organize a self-learning work, whether it is possible to highlight only some certain themes simply which have clear local boundaries in using for self-learning students. And we answer clearly «no», this approach is basically wrong.According to becomes obviously that there is a demand in developing and specifying clearly the methodological principles which will from the basis of the educational materials offered for a self- studying of students in learning the foreign Russian language taking into account the specifics of their future profession, as well as their native language or intermediary language.To develop a program-algorithm for the complication of annually updated materials for self-learning work of students.To analyze those materials and resources which have been accumulated during the long formative years of formation the discipline, and identify among them those ones that will be the effective to help in the implementation of successful development programs on self-learning work of students, and in the lack of them to plan the work on the creation of the necessary multi-format learning materials.

Foreignisms are being spread in languages during the periods of active language contacts, in time of close collaboration of nations especially in course of emerging and development of a new sphere of human activity. They make up another group of neologisms and at the first stage of language assimilation they function as lexical inclusions preserving their sound form graphics of a source language. In such situations crucial role belongs to extra-linguistic factors, naturally socio-economic or geopolitical ones. Thus under globalization impact modern English gains the role of lingua franca, or Global English, and other languages include foreignisms-Anglicisms. The extent and adaptation rate of those neologisms- foreignisms depends on typological similarities and differences existing among languages. Polylexemes are hybrid lexical units mainly formed by lexico-syntactic derivation means and combining, e.g., native Russian and foreign components at the levels of morphemes, word forms and word collocations. Like foreignisms, they are lexical inclusions firstly, in the so-called LSP. The main method of analysis is structural and semantic one which helps explain the origins and functions of such units. Applied means are also transcription, transliteration and language game components.

The functioning of the two state languages (Belarusian and Russian) in the Republic of Belarus is a deliberate necessity. On the other hand, the close relationship of these languages determines serious complexities for their development. We can say that both languages are currently experiencing a crisis. Aim of the report is to show the main sensitive points of Russian language in the dialogue with Belarusian language in a single state.

This article views the problems connected with bilingualism and multilingualism. They are relevant in the context of globalization, democratization and integration of modern society, development of intercultural communication, inter-ethnic relations. Bilingualism and multilingualism are considered as unifying principles of different sociocultural communities living under conditions of multi-ethnic space (in the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria as in a territorial entity of the Russian Federation).The study concluded that different extralinguistic factors such as place of residence, sphere of communication, system of education and mass media have a great influence on the process of formation, development and origination of bilingual and multilingual linguistic identity which lives in multinational Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. There are relative bilinguals to a greater extent (according to the proficiency of two languages), and also persons possessing combined bilingualism (according to the degree of languages fusion); absolute bilinguals and autonomic bilingualism occur rarely in Kabardino- Balkaria.

The article deals with specialfeatures of sense and substantial filling of common Slavic concepts “family”, “love”, “Motherland” in the communicative space of Belarusian regional bilingual newspapers in comparisonn with the data of the associative dictionary of Slavic languages.

The article analyzes three different terms “Russian as a second language”, “Russian as a second native language”, “Russian as foreign language”. Based on the definitions of the concepts denoted by these terms”, in the relevant dictionaries the author comes to the conclusion about connotative congestion of the term “Russian as a second native language”. It even is not fixed in dictionaries The author believes that value of this phrase contradictory emotional and is not rational, if it be used in scientific, linguo-didactic purposes.

The article deals with the category of textual-precedent network in literary text. By implementing at all levels of poetics, reproducible precedent phenomena are able to specify the degree of interpenetration of the various language pictures of the world.

The article devoted to comparative analysis of Russian and Belarusian poetic texts. The author investigates the level of specificity of the phonetic poetry. Phonetic importance manifested in the form of a special organization of the sound of the poetic text, in which the frequency and grouping of phonemes different from the norms of common speech. Influence of sound on the value evident in Russian and Belarusian poetry by organizing special sound series, repeat a certain group of sounds- and-sense isotopy.

Modern Russian-speaking literature of Belarus owing to many factors takes a special place in domestic literary and art space of the second half of XX - began XX ct. and is an integral part of the Belarusian culture. One of such factors is the concept of Russian-speaking literature which volume isn’t finally certain today. Results of research of a phenomenon “Russian-speaking literature of Belarus” are given in article; the bilingualism issue is touched. In addition, the short review of Russian-speaking literary and art space of the second half of XX сt.- began XX ct. is provided which testifies that the works of Russian-speaking writers presented by poetry, prose, dramatic art are diverse and versatile.

The article is devoted to the practical role of Implicit Pragmalinguistics and presents the description of French-speaking translators’ speech behavior on the basis of the novel “Lolita” by Nabokov. The study was carried out in accordance with the emotive-oriented strategy of the implicit influence “Participation / non-participation of communicators in a speech event”. The material of the study was four texts of the novel: the original by Vladimir Nabokov in English, his automatic translation into Russian and two translations into French. As a result, it was found out that V. Nabokov’s speech behavior as a bilingual in both English and Russian versions is the same one. Whereas, the translators’ situation differs. Bilingualism of Vladimir Nabokov is an important feature of his of speech behavior, it is reflected in the writer’s work and determines the search for adequate forms of translation. And since the more subjective is the interpretation of the script by a translator the more clearly his personality is reflected. Therefore, the task of a translator is to avoid interference to have the right perception of the original.

In 1932 Yury Osipovich Dombrovsky graduated from the Higher literature courses (“brosowski”). In 1933 he was arrested and deported from Moscow to Alma-Ata, this city is linked to most of his life. From Alma-Ata he was twice arrested sent to GULAG. Yuri Dombrovsky took the corner in Tastak the widow-the Kazakh woman with five kids. Every morning she baked a cake and broke it into six parts - to their children and this stranger. In retrospect, people said who knew him, he couldn’t hold back the tears. He published his works in “Kazakhstan Pravda” and the magazine “Literary Kazakhstan”.The article devoted to the research of the development of the artistic image of the city in Yu. Dombrovsky’s works. Specifics of esthetic perception of the city by the writer and relationship of an esthetic and art image in structure are analyzed. On the example of the analysis of a plot of the novel “Keeper of Antiquity” the city of Alma-Ata in its works appears as “nonrandom space”. In article realization of motive of opening of the new city through reception of contrast, comparison of the Moscow and Almaty nature is considered.

The special issue of the journal “Education Issues: Languages and Speciality” (Bulletin of PFUR) represents the first recorded incarnation of the scientific and creative project “Modern trends in the development of bilingual education in Russia and the World”. The initiative of the delegation of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia at the XIII IATRLAL Congress “Russian language and literature in world culture space” (13-20 September 2015, Granada, Spain), which resulted in the organization of scientific-practical conference 10-12 December 2016, is now regarded as a long scientific project. This assessment is due to several reasons, the most - from the point of view of the author is disclosed in the important content of the article.