Vol 15, No 1 (2017)

Articles

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONALL APPROACHES TO SEMANTIC FIELDS ANALYSIS

Abramov V.P., Abramova G.A.

Abstract

Functional-semantic description of vocabulary as a system of paradigms (procedural fields, semantic classes) develops the idea of modern linguistics about function as a way of uncovering semantics. Something inherent in the system is contained in function; something that the signs hide their use shows; implicit ideas of semantic fields become explicit in field units functioning. This determines the relevance of the study. The practical significance of the results is seen in the field of compiling dictionaries of Russian language compatibility, semantic dictionaries, for working out computer programs for teaching Russian as a foreign language.A comprehensive structural-functional analysis of semantic fields units in this article is based on the model of “text system (meaning)”, in a more general sense - as analysis of links “extensional (allocation) intensional (seme composition)”. In other words, the complex method of analysis relies heavily on units syntagmatic relations , their “spilt” in text semantics and includes methods of component analysis, metalinguistic descriptions, distributional analysis.Structural analysis of semantic fields (network of relations, oppositions between language system elements) allows you to allocate text units invariant and relate them to particular speech segments on the basis of strict implementation of the rules, which determine the variation limits of semantic field units. The rules of lexical units in semantic fields are shown as rules of positional distribution of specific lexical-semantic variants of units, or semems. The principle of subsidiarity is based on the method of language research of the environment (distribution - distribution context) of the individual units in the text and does not use information about all lexical or grammatical meaning of these units.The author reveals how in the semantic field of verbs of transfer some verbs express real transfers from the subject to the addressee, others suggest transfer and implement it in a special diagnostic contexts. On the one hand, transfer is presented as explicit, implicit, i.e. contextually expressed. Basing on the conducted research the author proposes the application of techniques that allow to trace the operation of semantic fields, study the processes of semantic fields formation in the context of their structure and dynamics.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):9-25
pages 9-25 views

INTENSIFIERS OF THE SEMANTICS OF THE PREDICATES: OCCASIONAL FORMATIONS OF FORMS OF THE COMPARATIVE DEGREE DERIVED FROM VERBS IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN USAGE (ЛЮБЛЮ ЛЮБЛЕЕ)

Borzenko E.O., Dobrushina E.R.

Abstract

This article is devoted to non-standard comparative forms which appear regularly in informal Russian texts recently. The aim is to collect and describe semantics and syntax of comparatives derived from verbs. The descriptions of these forms are actual since they are typical for spontaneous written speech of modern online texts. The research material includes Internet texts of 2000-2017, primarily blogs, Internet letters, comments, and forums. In order to create the database the author used a method of generating potentially possible forms on the basis of Russian vocabulary frequency lists, and then methods of corpus study were applied. Syntactic and semantic features of the studied forms are allocated and their classification and statistic description are given. It turned out that comparative forms derived from verbs may have different syntactic functions: first and foremost, they are used as an adverbial modifier by the forming verb, more seldom as a part of a nominal predicate, predicate in impersonal sentence, or inconsistent attribute. There were selected characteristic constructions for the studied neologisms. It is shown that the semantics of these forms can be correlated with the semantics of the intensity of emotions described by the verb, proximity to ideal implementation of the action, manifestation of characteristic signs of action, the degree of estimation associated with the action and the high probability of implementation of actions. The number of such forms in Internet texts, and then, perhaps, in speech might increase, because they are expressive, memorable, and consistent with the principle of economy in speech. The occasional comparatives derived from verbs have beeb the subject of research for the first time, which determines the scientific novelty and actuality of the article.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):26-39
pages 26-39 views

WORD CREATION BY PROSE V. TOKAREVA

Kireeva Y.N., Plotnikova L.I.

Abstract

The article considers adjectival neologisms of V. Tokareva, through which the author verbalizes her attitude and aesthetic views. The paper presents a typology of such neologisms considering the ways of word formation and derivation formants. It is noted that the predominantly words, created according to productive word-formation models have clear meaning shown in their structure. The authors note that prefixes sub-, super- and suffixes -ovat-, -sk-, n- are the most productive ones. Among active prepositional formants are super-, semi-. The specific feature of V. Tokareva’s prose is the use of grammar forms. The article also identifies and analyzes structural, semantic, and functional features of neologisms. Special attention is drawn to the subjects and objects of reality receiving non-standard definitions.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):40-50
pages 40-50 views

DISCURSIVE ANAPHORA PRAGMATIC MODELS IN MONOLOGIC TEXT

Sknar G.D., Kudryashov I.A.

Abstract

The aim of the article is to determine the pragmatic particularities of the monologist text thematic organization based on the discursive anaphora models. This aim predetermines the tasks connected with 1) outlining the conception of the theme as a textual segment manifesting sustained dependence on the fictional monologist text discursive scheme; 2) considering the fictional text monologist sphere based on the role the thematic components play in it; 3) revealing the referentially dependent anaphoric linguistic expression sequences which form the thematic components within the frameworks of the monologist text discursive scheme with regard to the communicative specifics of the text. The conclusions made in the article allow to get closer to a fuller understanding of how the cohesion relations and the anaphoric relations modeled by the thematic components facilitate the reader’s task on integrating the utterance discursive characteristics into a more global interpretative structure. It is proved that both phenomena forming the symbiosis realize the function of sustaining the meaning continuality and the referential plane of the connected utterances in the monologist text. This statement outlines the scientific significance of the research conducted. The practical significance of the article is determined by the possibility of using its basic results for further development of the problem of the «informational packing» for the utterances belonging to the monologist conversational genres, for revealing the mechanisms of the fictional text organization as the whole. The theoretic deductions achieved in the article could be used in teaching the contemporary Russian language in higher educational establishments, stylistics of decoding, special courses in philological hermeneutics and the courses devoted to the discursive basics of the monologist text organization.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):51-65
pages 51-65 views

TECHNOLOGY OF FORMING THE ABILITY FOR AUTONOMOUS LISTENING OF LANGUAGE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF 1-2 YEAR

Dudushkina S.V.

Abstract

In the present article the high degree of self-dependence and capability for self-knowledge and self-improvement of the students is considered as a differential characteristic of the present step of higher education development. During the analysis of scientific researches the necessity of students autonomy during language courses was found out. For the first time the author defines the principle of students autonomy as basis of autonomous listening in educational process. The author proves the necessity of autonomy principle actualization in forming capability for listening by widening international cooperation, requirements of program documents and information technology. On the basis of the conducted research the author provided the technology of forming the capability for autonomous listening of students during basic language course. The principles, the methods, the strategies and the means of forming the capability for autonomous listening are presented in this article. The author distinguishes successive steps of cooperation between teacher and student defining common strategies of teacher which stimulate students for autonomous listening of audio materials for the purpose of self-consistent comprehension and information processing, and also for potential forms of self- and inter-control in order to establish a high level of using the skills of autonomous listening in educational process.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):66-76
pages 66-76 views

CLASSROOM DISCOURSE AS INNOVATIVE PLATFORM FOR DEVELOPING FOREIGN STUDENT LINGUISTIC PERSONALITY

Caylak H., Muhammad L.P.

Abstract

The issue of this article is creating innovative learning technologies, specifically, student-oriented teaching Russian to foreigners.The significance of the research lies in the fact that its study of classroom discourse as an innovative platform for developing harmonious linguistic personality acquiring a foreign language. The expected result of the study is creating an innovative anthropologically oriented Russian language training model for Turkish students at the primary training stage. Placing the inofon linguistic personality, its interaction with other participants of communication, including teacher as the reference point of the design, makes the model unique.The aim of this study is to show that consideration of discourse properties might encourage instructors to implement learning strategies based on communicative interaction between teacher and students.The main research methods of the study are practical methods: observation of communicative interaction between participants during the educational process, interviews of students and teachers and personal teaching experience. Real Russian language educational process for Turkish students, as well as video and audio recordings of the process are the main material for the current study.The authors have found integrating and distinctive features of pedagogical/classroom discourse in Turkish classroom. The distinction between those attributes can help teachers to use the phenomenon of classroom discourse as an innovative platform for the creation of fundamentally new techniques, including methods based on our learning model focused on linguistic personality of Turkish students at the primary training stage.The study reveals the importance of linguistic and didactic differentiating components of classroom discourse of Turkish students at the primary training stage. It allows to draw a conclusion about feasibility of further studies of classroom discourse from the perspective of inofon linguistic personality developing.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):77-90
pages 77-90 views

COMPLIMENT AND PRAISE AS MANIFESTATIONS OF EMPATHY IN SPANISH

Shalyukhina A.V.

Abstract

This article shows the importance of empathy in Spanish communication, describes compliment and praise as culturally conditioned verbal ways of expressing empathy in Spanish and Russian and their role in dialogic communication. The author Observes genre differences between these two types of replicas within rejectlog approach. The examples are taken from the novel by modern Spanish writer Torcuato Luca de Tena “Los renglones torcidos de Dios”. The author makes conclusion about the necessity of studying communicative functions of compliment and praise in teaching a foreign language to avoid failures in communication.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):91-102
pages 91-102 views

NATIONAL AND CULTURAL SPECIFICS OF SOVIET REALITY AND ITS LINGUISTIC REFLECTION IN E.A. EVTUSHENKO’S POETRY

Kornakova E.S.

Abstract

The article analyzes E.A. Yevtushenko collections of “Utrennij narod”, “Zavtrashnij veter” and the poem “Zima”, which reflected the thorny social issues typical for the Soviet society of the 1970s.The urgency of this article is determined by the following factors: 1) close attention of the modern science to the issues of the conceptual analysis of text; 2) an increased interest in identifying the specifics of World Art Picture of the individual writers; 3) poor attention to the legacy of the poet E.A. Yevtushenko and the lack of the research of this particular theme in his work. The article aims in studying and describingtg the features of verbal and artistic expression of the concept of “citizenship” in the works of E.A. Yevtushenko, to study the structure and the implementation of the verbal concept “citizenship” on the material of artworks E.A. Yevtushenko.The material of this research are poems and prose by E.A. Yevtushenko of different creative periods. These poems and prose are objectifying the analyzed concept. In addition to the disclosure and clarification of the lexical content of the concept of “citizenship” in the system of the Russian language the following lexicographical material was used: “Explanatory Dictionary of Russian Language”V.I. Dahl; Dictionary of Russian language S.I. Ozhegova; Etymological dictionary of Russian Mikhail Vasmer, Dictionary of Russian ed. A.P Evgenyeva, Explanatory Dictionary of Russian ed. D.N. Ushakov and others.The main research method is a special linguistic technique conceptual analysis method that includes the steps of: 1) the vocabulary analysis of lexical paradigm of the word “citizenship”, 2) continuous sample of word lexical items appealing to the concept of “citizenship”, 3) contextual analysis to identify the content of the concept of “citizenship”. Also methods of theoretical research were used: the analysis, synthesis and deductive method (transition from general ideas about the concept “citizenship” to private terminals), a comparison, and also additional methods: descriptive component analysis method, the distribution method of analysis, the solid (from dictionaries) and partial sample material (of texts), word-forming analysis techniques, stylistic and frequency of the statistical characteristics of etymological analysis, a method of continuous sampling, analysis of dictionary definitions, conceptual analysis,comparative-typological analysis and statistical analysis. System-based and text-based approach were used.In conclusion author assumes that the words of the national cultural components play important text-forming role in the works of E.A. Yevtushenko. Identified sovietisms, vernacular elements, dialecticisms and words of the new way of life are the building the blocks of language of E.A. Yevtushenko, displaying a rich artistic world of the poet. Those elements express the way of life of the Soviet people.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):103-112
pages 103-112 views

THE IMAGE OF GOVERNMENT IN 1990S RUSSIAN PRINT MEDIA

Lonskaya A.Y.

Abstract

This article seeks to identify characteristic features of lexical units and phraseology used in the creation of the government’s image.This work proves relevant in that it is a careful linguistic and cultural analysis of lexical units as means of expression intended to generate emotionally colored perceptions about politicians and political situation in Russia in 1990s. The result of this study provides a thematically organized list of phraseology and lexical resources, contributing to imagery in the media texts of the period.The purpose of this work is to identify the characteristic features of the lexical units used in the texts of Russian print media to construct the state’s image.The fundamental methods of research include linguistic and cultural analysis, general scientific method (observation, description, classification, comparison), the frequency method, and comprehensive stylistic analysis. Articles concerning the activities of Russian politicians and political events that took place in Russia from 1990 to 1999 are used in this study and come from newspapers such as “Izvestiya”, “Moskovsky Komsomolets”, Nezavisimaya Gazeta”, “Pravda”, and “Zavtra”.This work allows us to conclude the feasibility of further study of the representation of government in the Russian-language media of the 1990s. This work allows the reader to conclude that the representation of government in Russian-language media during the 1990s requires further study.

Russian Language Studies. 2017;15(1):113-125
pages 113-125 views
pages 126-127 views

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