INTENSIFIERS OF THE SEMANTICS OF THE PREDICATES: OCCASIONAL FORMATIONS OF FORMS OF THE COMPARATIVE DEGREE DERIVED FROM VERBS IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN USAGE (ЛЮБЛЮ ЛЮБЛЕЕ)

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

This article is devoted to non-standard comparative forms which appear regularly in informal Russian texts recently. The aim is to collect and describe semantics and syntax of comparatives derived from verbs. The descriptions of these forms are actual since they are typical for spontaneous written speech of modern online texts. The research material includes Internet texts of 2000-2017, primarily blogs, Internet letters, comments, and forums. In order to create the database the author used a method of generating potentially possible forms on the basis of Russian vocabulary frequency lists, and then methods of corpus study were applied. Syntactic and semantic features of the studied forms are allocated and their classification and statistic description are given. It turned out that comparative forms derived from verbs may have different syntactic functions: first and foremost, they are used as an adverbial modifier by the forming verb, more seldom as a part of a nominal predicate, predicate in impersonal sentence, or inconsistent attribute. There were selected characteristic constructions for the studied neologisms. It is shown that the semantics of these forms can be correlated with the semantics of the intensity of emotions described by the verb, proximity to ideal implementation of the action, manifestation of characteristic signs of action, the degree of estimation associated with the action and the high probability of implementation of actions. The number of such forms in Internet texts, and then, perhaps, in speech might increase, because they are expressive, memorable, and consistent with the principle of economy in speech. The occasional comparatives derived from verbs have beeb the subject of research for the first time, which determines the scientific novelty and actuality of the article.

About the authors

Ekaterina Olegovna Borzenko

St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University

Author for correspondence.
Email: ekborzenko@yandex.ru

postgraduate student at the Department of the modern Russian language of the philological faculty of St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University

Novokuzneckaja str., 23/5а, Moscow, Russia, 115184

Ekaterina Rolandovna Dobrushina

St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University

Email: edobrush@gmail.com

Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of the modern Russian language of the philological faculty of St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University

Novokuzneckaja str., 23/5а, Moscow, Russia, 115184

References

  1. Borzenko E.O. Semanticheskie i pragmaticheskie razlichija mezhdu odnokorennymi otsubstantivnymi i otad’ektivnymi komparativami v sovremennoj russkoj rechi [Semantic and pragmatic differences between denominal and deadjectival comparatives in the contemporary Russian speech]. Vestnik PSTGU. Serija III: Filologija. [Bulletin of St Tikhon University. Series III. Philology]. 2015. no. 3 (43), pp. 32—47. doi: 10.15382/sturiii201543.32­47. (In Russ).
  2. Borzenko E.O. Oni i eshhe onee: semantika sravnitel’nyh form, obrazovannyh ot mestoimenij, v russkom jazyke XXI veka [Они и еще онее: semantics of pronoun­derived comparatives in the Russian language of the 21st century]. Vestnik PSTGU. Serija III: Filologija [Bulletin of St Tikhon University. Series III. Philology]. 2016. no. 3 (48), рр. 45—60. doi: 10.15382/sturiii201648.45­60. (In Russ).
  3. Knjazev Ju.P. Stepeni sravnenija [The degrees of comparison]. Saint­Petersberg, 2009. 74 p. (In Russ).
  4. Espersen O. Filosofija grammatiki [The philosophy of grammar]. Moscow, Izd­vo inostr. lit, 1958. 400 p. (In Russ).
  5. Paul’ G. Principy istorii jazyka [Principles of the language history]. Moscow, Izd­vo inostr. lit., 1960. 501 p. (In Russ).
  6. Vezhbickaja A. Semanticheskie universalii i opisanie jazykov [Semantic universals and description of the languages]. Moscow, Jaz. rus. kul’tury, 1999. 780 p. (In Russ).
  7. Rahilina E.V. Grammatika oshibok: v poiskah konstant [Grammar of the errors: in search of constants]. Jazyk. Konstanty. Peremennye. Saint­Petersberg, 2014, pp. 87—95. (In Russ).
  8. Rahilina E.V. Stepeni sravnenija v svete russkoj grammatiki oshibok [Degrees of comparison in the light of Russian grammar errors]. Trudy instituta russkogo jazyka im. V.V. Vinogradova [Proceedings of the V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute]. 2015. no. 6, pp. 310—333. (In Russ).
  9. Evtjuhin V.B. Narechie [Adverb]. Saint­Petersberg, Izd­vo SPb un­ta, 1999. 48 p. (In Russ).
  10. Sheljakin M.A. Funkcional’naja grammatika russkogo jazyka [Functional grammar of Russian language]. Moscow, Russkij jazyk, 2001. 288 p. (In Russ).
  11. Miloslavskij I.G. Morfologicheskie kategorii sovremennogo russkogo jazyka [The morphological categories of the modern Russian language]. Moscow, Prosveshhenie, 1981. 254 p. (In Russ).
  12. Belovol’skaja L.A. Kategorija nediskretnogo kolichestva i ee grammaticheskij status [Category of discrete quantity and its grammatical status]. Taganrog, Izd­vo TRPU, 1999. 177 p. (In Russ).
  13. Fedotova N.S. Kompleksnyj analiz russkogo komparativa. Dissertacija ... kand. filol. nauk [Comprehensive analysis of the Russian comparative. Dissertation ... kand. filol. sci]. St. Petersburg, 2003. 129 p. (In Russ).
  14. Remchukova E.N. Kreativnyj potencial russkoj grammatiki: morfologicheskie resursy jazyka. Dissertacija ... dokt. filol. nauk [Creative potential of the Russian grammar: the morphological resources of the language. Dissertation ... doct. filol. nauk]. Moscow, 2005. 323 p. (In Russ).
  15. Sannikov V.Z. Russkij jazyk v zerkale jazykovoj igry [The Russian language in the mirror of the language game]. Moscow, Jaz. rus. kul’tury, 1999. 552 p. (In Russ).
  16. Norman B.Ju. Igra na granjah jazyka [Game on the facets of the language]. Moscow, Flinta, Nauka, 2006. 344 p. (In Russ).
  17. Zemskaja E.A. Russkaja razgovornaja rech’: lingvist. analiz i problemy obuchenija [Russian informal speech: a linguist. analysis and learning problems]. Moscow, Flinta: Nauka, 2004. 240 p. (In Russ).
  18. Zubova L.V. Pojezija Mariny Cvetaevoj. Lingvisticheskij aspekt [The poetry of Marina Tsvetaeva. The linguistic aspect]. Leningrad, LGU , 1989. 264 p. (In Russ).
  19. Volkotrub G.K. Rechevye sredstva i priemy jekspressii v publicistike (po materialam fel’etonov M. Kol’cova). Dissertacija ... kand. filol. nauk [Speech means and methods of expression in journalism (based on satires by M. Koltsov). Dissertation ... kand. filol. nauk]. Lipetsk, 1999. 153 p. (In Russ).
  20. Kalinova Ja.N. Russko­pribaltijsko­finskie jazykovye kontakty i ih otrazhenie v oblasti dialektnogo sintaksisa. Dissertacija ... kand. filol. nauk [The Russian­Baltic­Finnish language contacts and their reflection in the field of dialect syntax. Dissertation ... kand. filol. nauk]. Saint­Petersberg, 1999. 189 p. (In Russ).
  21. Cejtlin S.N. Ocherki po slovoobrazovaniju i formoobrazovaniju v detskoj rechi [Essays on the formation and word­formation in children’s speech]. Moscow, Znak, 2009. 592 p. (In Russ).
  22. Gorelov I.N., Sedov K.F. Osnovy psiholingvistiki [Fundamentals of psycholinguistics]. Moscow, Labirint, 2001. 304 p. (In Russ).
  23. Frej A. Grammatika oshibok [Grammar of the errors]. M: Komkniga. 2006. 304 p. (In Russ).
  24. Ahapkina Ja.Je. Refleksivnye glagoly «ubirat’sja» i «igrat’sja»: kodifikacija i uzus [Reflexive verbs “убираться» and «играться»: the codification and language usage]. Trudy instituta russkogo jazyka im. V.V. Vinogradova [Proceedings of the V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute]. 2015. № 6, pp. 392—412. (In Russ).
  25. Dobrushina E.R. Mezhdu normoj­intuiciej i normoj­kodifikaciej ili Dvesti let vmeste s ihnij [Between the norm­intuition and norm­codification or Two hundred years along with ихний]. Russkij jazyk v nauchnom osveshhenii [Russian language in a scientific light], 2013. no 2 (26), pp. 181—204. (In Russ).
  26. Dobrushina E.R. Krestit’ ili pokrestit’: v poiskah prichin pobedy uzusa nad normoj [Крестить или покрестить: in search of the reasons for the victory of usage over the norm]. Korpusnye issledovanija po morfemnoj, grammaticheskoj, leksicheskoj semantike russkogo jazyka. Moscow, 2014, pp. 78—82. (In Russ).
  27. Zevahina N.A., Oskol’skaja S.A. Kakaja­nikakaja, a Vsemirnaja pautina: konstrukcii s «reduplicirovannymi» ustupitel’nymi mestoimenijami v russkom jazyke [Какая­никакая, but the world wide web: constructions with concessive pronouns with reduplication in Russian]. Sovremennyj russkij jazyk v Internete. Moscow, Jazyki slavjanskih kul’tur, 2014, pp. 202—221. (In Russ).
  28. Ahapkina Ja.Je. O grammatike ustno­pis’mennogo vyskazyvanija [Grammar of the spoken­written language]. Sovremennyj russkij jazyk v internete. Moscow, Jazyki slavjanskoj kul’tury, 2014, pp. 181—195. (In Russ).
  29. Dubchak I.E. Diskurs dosugovyh subkul’tur v internet­prostranstve. Seminar «Russkij jazyk v internete» v ramkah VI Mezhdunarodnogo kongressa «Russkij jazyk: istoricheskie sud’by i sovremennost’». 2010. URL: http://www.philol.msu.ru/~rlc2010/abstracts/ rlc2010_abstracts_sem24.pdf (data obrashhenija: 09.09.2013). (In Russ).
  30. Chernova Ju. V. Koncepcii pis’mennosti i ustnosti v chate. Seminar «Russkij jazyk v internete» v ramkah VI Mezhdunarodnogo kongressa «Russkij jazyk: istoricheskie sud’by i sovremennost’». 2010. URL: http://www.philol.msu.ru/~rlc2010/abstracts/rlc2010_ abstracts_sem24.pdf (data obrashhenija: 09.09.2013). (In Russ).
  31. Shmakov A.A. Lingvisticheskie osobennosti sovremennogo obshhenija v internete (na materiale obrashhenij k sobesedniku). Seminar «Russkij jazyk v internete» v ramkah VI Mezhdunarodnogo kongressa «Russkij jazyk: istoricheskie sud’by i sovremennost’». 2010. URL: tttp://www.philol.msu.ru/~rlc2010/abstracts/rlc2010_abstracts_sem24.pdf (data obrashhenija: 09.09.2013). (In Russ).
  32. Kakorina E.V. Jazyk Internet­kommunikacii [Language of the Internet communication]. Jazyk massovoj i mezhlichnostnoj kommunikacii. Moscow, Izd­vo MGU, 2007, pp. 393—478. (In Russ).
  33. Kallistratidis E.V. Jazykovaja igra v neformal’noj internet­kommunikacii: na materiale russkogo jazyka nachala XXI veka. Dissertacija ... kand. filol. nauk [Language game in informal Internet communication: in the Russian language of the beginning of the XXI century. Dissertation ... kand. filol. nauk]. Rostov­on­Don, 2013. 296 p. (In Russ).
  34. Letuchij A.B. Osobennosti argumentnoj struktury russkih glagolov v «komp’juternyh» kontekstah [The features of the argument structure of Russian verbs in the “computer” contexts]. Sovremennyj russkij jazyk v internete. Moscow, Jazyki slavjanskoj kul’tury, 2014, pp. 153—168. (In Russ).
  35. Magomedova V.D., Sljusar’ N.A. Rasshatyvanie istoricheskih cheredovanij soglasnyh na primere nenormativnyh form komparativa [Slacking of the historical alternations of consonants in the example of the non­normative forms of comparative]. Sovremennyj russkij jazyk v internete. Moscow, Jazyki slavjanskoj kul’tury, 2014, pp. 263—280. (In Russ).
  36. Ljashevskaja O.N., Sharov S.A. Chastotnyj slovar’ sovremennogo russkogo jazyka (na materialah Nacional’nogo korpusa russkogo jazyka) [Frequency dictionary of the modern Russian language (on materials of the National corpus of the Russian language)]. Moscow, Azbukovnik, 2009. 1112 p.
  37. Ginzburg E.S. Krutoj marshrut [Steep route]. Moscow, AST, 2015. 880 p. (In Russ).
  38. Zaliznjak A.A. Grammaticheskij slovar’ russkogo jazyka [Grammatical dictionary of Russian language]. Moscow, Russkij jazyk, 1977. 880 p. (In Russ).

Copyright (c) 2017 Borzenko E.O., Dobrushina E.R.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies