No 2 (2015)

The article is devoted to the problem of the systematic conditionality of personality self-realization. It substantiates the prospects of a systematic approach to the study of this phenomenon, as opposed to the well-established analytical strategies in Russian and foreign psychology. System components and structural characteristics of the self-realization are provided.

The paper presents the theoretical and empirical analysis of gender studies devoted to the innovative behavior component. The theoretical research on innovative behavior considers its separate aspects: the specificity of decision-making, the flexibility of various actions means, the attitude to risk, the motivation of achievement and value-motivational attitude to activity and leadership. Basing on the theoretical analy- sis of the innovative behavior components, the authors of the article presents an empirical study of gender characteristics of innovative traits and leadership skills among students.

The current state of methodology of psychology is discussed in this article. The idea that the methodology of personality should be separated from general methodology of psychology is substantiated. The cardinal principal that must be put in the basis of methodological analysis of psychological knowledge and the practice of personality development is formulated and discussed. It is the principal of coordinating the theoretical knowledge with the results of experimental research and the practice of personality development (psychotherapy of personality).

An analysis of free recall errors shows that the free recall retrieval process in short term memory is accompanied by a linear rise in errors, without discontinuities, invalidating short term memory models in which stores or states are sequentially emptied. The frequency of errors increases at roughly 1% per second and exponentially if the items to be recalled are strongly related. This leads to a “Heisenberg uncertainty principle” situation: the more items recalled, the less accurate is the recall of those items. The error probability does not reach a plateau, is independent of time passing without a retrieval process being engaged, suggesting that the retrieval process itself introduces errors in short term memory. In contrast, in long term memory the error probability remains constant, indicative of a single store without retrieval induced errors. Error terminated short term memory free recall distributions are the same as distributions terminated by correct items.

The submitted article defines the key mission of the training course «The methodology and techniques of socio-psychological research» for the professional education of the psychologist. This training is based on: a) systematization of the relevant theoretical and practical base; b) the experience of one’s professional activities; с) an opportunity to reflect on one’s own professional and personal development. The didactic and practical aspects of the realization of the training course (informative, competency-based, academic content, structural and organizational, educational and technological, educational-reflexive, information and methodological) have been disclosed.

In the article the problems of psychological peculiarities of the personality orientation of the pupils, who study at home. The methods and results for investigating the relationship between the orientation of the personality, motivation and self-regulation are presented. The opportunities of using the obtained results in practice are outlined.