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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2313-1683</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-1705</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">13438</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">RETRIEVAL PROCESS IN FREE RECALL CREATES ERRORS IN SHORT TERM MEMORY BUT NOT IN LONG TERM MEMORY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ПРОЦЕСС ПОИСКА ПРИ СВОБОДНОМ ВОСПРОИЗВЕДЕНИИ СОЗДАЕТ ОШИБКИ В КРАТКОВРЕМЕННОЙ, НО НЕ В ДОЛГОВРЕМЕННОЙ ПАМЯТИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarnow</surname><given-names>Eugen</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарноу</surname><given-names>Юджин</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Avalon Business Systems</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Авалон Бизнес Систем</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO2 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№2 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-09-17"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Тарноу Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарноу Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/13438">https://journals.rudn.ru/psychology-pedagogics/article/view/13438</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en">An analysis of free recall errors shows that the free recall retrieval process in short term memory is accompanied by a linear rise in errors, without discontinuities, invalidating short term memory models in which stores or states are sequentially emptied. The frequency of errors increases at roughly 1% per second and exponentially if the items to be recalled are strongly related. This leads to a “Heisenberg uncertainty principle” situation: the more items recalled, the less accurate is the recall of those items. The error probability does not reach a plateau, is independent of time passing without a retrieval process being engaged, suggesting that the retrieval process itself introduces errors in short term memory. In contrast, in long term memory the error probability remains constant, indicative of a single store without retrieval induced errors. Error terminated short term memory free recall distributions are the same as distributions terminated by correct items.</abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">Анализ ошибок свободного воспроизведения показывает, что процесс поиска в кратковременной памяти сопровождается непрерывным линейным ростом количества ошибок, что ставит под сомнение модели кратковременной памяти, предполагающие последовательное «опустошение» (очищение) ее ячеек. Частота ошибок возрастает по экспоненте примерно на 1% в секунду при условии, что воспроизводимые единицы тесно связаны между собой. Это приводит к ситуации«принципа неопределенности Гейзенберга»: чем больше единиц воспроизводится, тем меньше точность их воспроизведения. Так как вероятность ошибки не достигает плато и не зависит от времени, прошедшего до начала воспроизведения, предполагается, что сам процесс поиска продуцирует ошибки в кратковременной памяти. В отличие от этого в долговременной памяти вероятность ошибок остается постоянной, что свидетельствует об одном хранилище и отсутствии ошибок, индуцированных поиском. Распределение ошибок при воспроизведении из кратковременной памяти аналогично распределению правильных ответов.</trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>long term memory</kwd><kwd>short term memory</kwd><kwd>free recall errors</kwd><kwd>retrieval process</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>долговременная память</kwd><kwd>кратковременная память</kwd><kwd>ошибки воспроизведения</kwd><kwd>процесс поиска</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Andrews-Hanna J.R. The brain’s default network and its adaptive role in internal mentation // The Neuroscientist. - 2012. - 18(3). - P. 251-270.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Balakrishnanl J.D., Ashby F.G. 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