Vol 8, No 1 (2017)

The purpose of the present article is to consider the issue whether there is common ground between mathematics and linguistics. The idea of article was prompted by the relation to mathematics of the famous Russian linguist E.D. Polivanov. Methodologically we gave the floor to a large number of mathematicians and philosophers and came to a conclusion that many scientists recognize division of sciences into application-oriented ones and fundamental. This division concerns, generally mathematics; similar ambitiousness is not typical of linguists. The mathematics oversteps now the limits of separate sciences including humanitarian ones covering the whole amount of ideas concerning the world and it’s transformation with it’s own concepts and methods. The conclusion drawn in the article concerns complementarity of sciences: no matter whether any discoveries and achievements are fundamental or application-oriented. What really matters, the science shouldn’t stand still and it’s achievements are used for the benefit of the mankind.

Proceeding from the analysis of 236 texts of anecdotes in Russian and Osetian languages collected from different sources Inteernet sites, scripts, periodicles, etc., the aricle treats stereotypical features of text characters representing various subethnic groups, reveals the interethnic interaction of bearers of different dialects of the Osetian language, describes heterostereotypes, exicting in the North Osetian linguoculture. The set of anecdote texts inder analysis is circulating in both republics North Osetia - Alania and South Osetia., and the objects of irony and fun are bearers of dogors’ and irons’ dialects, and species of those dialects - kudars’ and ksns’ ones.

The article is devoted to the current and broadening process widely discussed and more willingly named eurolatinising by Russian researchers. The growing number of neoclassical wordforming elements in European languages makes a strong and steady tendency, though popularly and mistakenly treated as an Anglo-Saxon expansion. The work suggests a discussion on the morphological status of such elements in general, and the particular facts of eurolatinising are selected in the French, English and Russian languages. Individual evaluation of the phenomenon is given as the point for further research.

The main task of the article is an attempt to understand the relationship between such processes as literary transligualism and cultural revitalization. The authors conclude that the national imagined needs adequate ways of representation by the tools of the dominant language. As the result this language is not only transforming, but also promoting the renewal of culture, “speaking” through it.

The paper is dedicated to the description of principles, mechanisms and models of communikemes construction with «evaluative» meaning. The research is fulfilled on the basis of the English language. The results correlate with those that were obtained while studying this type of units on the basis of the Russian language. At that, the integral and differential characteristics are identified, which makes the research results significant not only in the aspect of special (Germanic) linguistics but the general linguistics as well. Communikemes are the separate class of syntactic phraseological units. They function in many languages including English. Communikemes are extremely active in the oral-colloquial communication form due to their anthropocentricity, expressivity and economy. The majority of communikemes are derivative. Many of their specific features are determined by the peculiarities of the productive base. That is why the communikemes research in the etymological aspect provides insight into the essence of their linguistic nature and the rules of speech realization. In the sphere of evaluative communikemes two basic models of their construction are established: the first one is based on the actual division of the sentence (it prevails), and the second one is logical-semantic one. In whole, the amount of evaluative communikemes in the English language is more than the communikemes with the positive/negative meaning. The evaluative communikemes in both languages are more «indifferent» to the character of the grammatical meaning of their productive base (in comparison with other semantic groups units). The evaluative communikemes study in the cognitive and psycholinguistic aspects (as well as other groups) is rather perspective.

Positively evaluative speech acts: praise and approval, the most common in the Russian-speaking pedagogical discourse, are investigated in this article. Similarities and differences of praise and approval are viewed here from a pragmatic, propositional points of view; approval contains in its propositional structure such a component as an argument of evaluation that does not exist in the structure of statements of praise. These two speech acts differ according to the parameters of intensity/non-intensity, emotionality/lack of emotionality, objectivity/subjectivity. Statements of praise and approval, homogeneous and heterogeneous, in sense of intention, are revealed, heterogeneous speech acts of praise are complicated by additional intentions of recommendations, advice, edification, criticism. The main features of the language representation of the analyzed speech acts are identified in this work. Direct speech acts of praise and approval are expressed by predicate of general and specific evaluation of intellectual and ethical character. Praise and approval may have a performative expression using verbs praise and approve. The statements of praise, approval may also have a short and full form.

This article is the result of literary text structure research development. The special functions of the poetic language, its “separation” from all the usual communication types made it a very important object of analysis, attracting constant attention. The cross-discipline intersection of humanities, active interaction of poetics with close linguistic and humanitarian domains such as semiotics, linguistic logic analysis, cognitive science, axiology, linguistic philosophy, etc., determine the expansion of its study. The interdisciplinary research becomes especially important since it features one of the modern research characteristics - multiple paradigms that allow to analyze the object from different perspectives, in different fields of knowledge. Forming geopoetic images in a national culture is the result of different geographic regions exploration and conceptualization of these images in terms of axiology, exploring and having different experiences, materializing them in fiction through a representation of valuable meanings.

The article concerns all types of metalinguistic commentary given by the authors of Russian literature of the XIX century. The metalinguistic commentary makes the text understanding easier. The aim of this article is to analyze the metalinguistic methods of entry the foreign language inclusion, ideologemes, which are important for understanding the authors position and view of the world. The research shows all types of metalinguistic commentary which were defined based on different factors, namely according with the language used for translating the lexical unit; the sphere of usage; the authors semantization as well as defining the lexical unit type and his attitude to it. The article demonstrates the perspective of research, which means the comparison of the texts of different style, regarding the metalinguistic commentary in usage of sociolects, the analyses of the type of foreign language in the bilingual writers.

This conceptual paper explores English as a lingua franca of the supranational translational EU culture by determining translational specificities of EU institutional-legal texts. Set against a specific linguistic and translational background, the problems of equivalence, terminological (in-)congruence, nature of the source text and institutionalization of translation are discussed in order to draw attention to the particularities of the EU’s translational practice. Using a synoptic-interpretative approach, different ways of understanding EU discourse and translation are suggested in the paper.

The notions of “text form” and “discourse form” are differentiated in the article. The category of identity, which allows using one and the same term for both concepts, is defined as well. The discourse form is represented as a dynamic phenomenon, embodying features of stereotyped activity of consciousness in the process of understanding a literary work. This activity is divided into two interrelated groups: an iterative understanding model and perception of patterns for semantic dynamics of the plot. It is also proved that the dynamics of the form for literary discourse is the basis of translingual and intralinguistic interpretation, thus it is the basis for the translation process.

The article discusses the main linguistic and stylistic features of economic discourse based on the material in three languages: English, French and Russian. The material for comparative analysis of the texts were the news reports from various information sources (printed and online), dealing with the current economic situation, and in particular, further stabilization or destabilization of the ruble after Brexit vote. Lexical and semantic parameters are identified that determine the economic discourse, and a comparative analysis of their functioning in three languages is held. The lexical content and syntactic organization of news reports in English, French and Russian is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to contrastive analysis of the use of expressive means of language and stylistic figures in the economic discourse. Language representation pecularities of Brexit concept is studied.

The author continues to explore the intonation of different utterances in various world languages. The subject and the theme of the research is intonation of accented syntagms in a typical agglutinative language that Swahili is in comparison with Russian. The purpose of the paper submitted is 1) to describe the intonation of accented syntagms in Swahili 2) to compare the basic results with the same in Russian. The methods and methodology of the research were conducted on the basis of experimental phonetic analysis carried out in the PFUR Laboratory and the Laboratory of the Institute of Asian and African studies of the Lomonosov MSU. The results achieved in the course of the experiment. The opposition of neutral and accentuated syntagm in agglutinative languages (the example of Swahili) and Russian prove that the parameters of melody, duration and intensity as the formant characteristics play the role in differentiation. But the accented syntagm is manifested brighter and stronger than the neutral one. The perception of accented syntagm depends on 1) the communicative task 2) the type of syntactic structure 3) the language type 4) the role of prosodic parameters. The results can be applied in lecture and seminar courses in general, comparative and oriental linguistics. The intensity of melodic parameter is brighter in accented syntagm than in a neutral one (the accented nuclear syllable is pronounced on a higher level, with more interval and speed of frequency fall in Swahili as well in Russian.

In this article the structures with the preposition «a-la» («а-ля») are investigated through the prism of the variation of the logical structure of the comparison. The main methods of the research are the distributional and contextual analysis. In the lexicographical sources xenisme «a-la» is interpreted by native prepositions with the meaning of comparison, assimilation. The borrowed preposition is stylistically marked: refers to the colloquial style and characterized by a reduced stylistic colouring - it brings tot he context the the shades of playfulness, familiarity, irony, satire. From the parts of speech point of view the distributors of the preposition are presented by nouns and adverbs. However, the bulk of distributors are the nouns and - «Nим и N». The distributors of the prepositions are the words, phrases, sentences, half-predicatives and combinations of words. Deploying of the logical structure of comparison in the constructions is determined by the syntactic position of preposition. In predicative position actualized the logical structure ACmB , in the substantive position - Amβ . The typical structures of the logical comparison in the word combinations can be refined by introducing components α, β and C .