No 4 (2011)

The article describes competent approach in teaching Russian language. Special attention is paid to the linguistic competence, which involves linguistic component, sociolinguistic component, pragmatic component.

The article is devoted to the problem of rhetoric analysis of an artistic text, the structure of an artistic text and its rhetoric composition are described as parallels. The author considers artistic text to be an utterance with a certain rhetoric structure. The latter is entitled 'rhetoric structure of an artistic text'.

The article characterizes linguistic units containing cultural information in Russian fables. Such means as equivalent-lacking words, proper names (toponyms, anthroponyms, zoonyms), tropes based on equivalent-lacking lexis (epithets, similes, metaphors) are described in the article. The article analyses the above-mentioned units in diachronic aspect.

In the paper the author analyzes the problem of translating Russian adverbial participle into Chinese. On the basis of comparative analysis approach, considering the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of Russian adverbial participle, much translation equivalence can be found in Chinese language. The result of the study lies in the classification of the means of equivalent translating Russian adverbial participle into Chinese.

The article is devoted to a problem of correlation between sounds, phonemes and letters in the alphabet and written text. The authors consider a questionable issue of letter meaning classification as a «phoneme - letter» system, so the alphabet is defined as a set of letters (graphemes) expressing phoneme meaning. It is this strong two-way connection between a phoneme and a grapheme that written kinds of speech actions are based on. However, considering sound structure of the text in the given aspect, without taking into account various ways of representing the meaning of the alphabet graphic symbols depending on the context, is impossible. The correlation between sounds, phonemes and letters itself can be considered ambiguously, because of different opinions on Russian vowel and consonant system presented by scientists.

The article deals with broadening tendencies of typical non-formal, everyday Spanish dialogue. We examine exaggerated loudness, repetitions of the same words, great number of nouns in plural, abuse of superlative degree, demonstrate effusiveness and exaltation of Spanish national character and general attitude to the world.

In the paper some methodological approaches to forming spelling acquisition by Russian students in the English language for correct written speech and reading are described. It contains various types of creative exercises aimed at the elimination of the typical spelling mistakes.

The article deals with conceptual and systematic analysis of words denoting the sphere of dwelling in English and Russian. It reveals and structures semantic component morphemes of lexemes representing the sphere in question and by means of cognitive models helps to trace and predict collocation patterns of meaning components.