No 4 (2015)

First Akhmatova’s book of verses “Vecher” (1912) is studied as a structural and semantic unit, the poet’s methods that determine the unity are analyzed. We track techniques by which semantic perception of “Vecher” as metacycle was consequentially renewed during the period of its “lethic” existence in the form of separate section in Akhmatova’s lifetime poetry collections.We state that some verses, which appeared within “Vecher” section in late collections in fact were created by Akhmatova in 1940s - 1950s. For one reason or another these verses couldn’t be put into later sections with later dates, so this strategy enabled them to get their place in a collection at all. “Aging” dates and mixing 1940s -verses with former ones took place due to Akhmatova’s frame of mind of those days; it allowed to overcome censorship as well. We prove that these verses along with new editions of “old” verses function as semantic anchors, mark out and link some key motives, that is why Akhmatova often set them to a “strong position” (for example, let them open a section or a collection).

In article original sonnets of Maxim Bogdanovich - five poems in the Belarusian language and one - in Russian are analyzed. The only Russian sonnet gravitates to a genre kind of “the sonnet about sonnets”. Its purpose - to comprehend from within a genre and strophe form, new to the Belarusian poetry. The Belarusian sonnets represent five main thematic vectors of poetry of Bogdanovich: civil pathos, admiration of the native nature, motive “poet and poetry”, “eternal” subject of love and updating of urbanism. Implementation of the creative plan directed on enrichment of native literature by traditions of classical art systems led to very uncommon results in poetic searches of Maxim Bogdanovich who was successfully introducing “eternal” subjects and universal genre and strophe forms in “yoingslavic” poetry.

The article is about philosophic reflection and perception of three timedimensions “past-present-future” in a story written by unfamiliar writer Osip Dymov. The author points out how Dymov conveys the diversity of his contemporaries’ opinions through the text’s poetics, how he shows their ambiguous attitude towards the burden of the past, whether it is worth taking history away from a shabby suitcase and packing it to a new, shiny one. Thorough poetic analysis of Dymov’s short story “Heritage”not only provides an opportunity to trace back how Dymov has created his own concept of the interconnection between space, matter and the three time dimensions “past-present-future”, but it is also shows a severe difficulty of this decision making process.

The article explores the construction and the representation of the portrait of the leader in the Soviet literature of the Stalin era. The origins of the official image of Stalin are examined under the prism of the analysis of the modern mythologizing, as it has been described by Roland Barthes. Furthermore, we explore some of the peculiarities of the Soviet literature in the construction and strengthening of the personality cult, where the method of socialist realism has gained the function of a social institution, which, like the myth, re-creates the reality, stating that “beautiful - this is our life.”The article is written with the purpose of systematizing what has already been examined by other researchers and has a total basis, establishingthe interrelation between the factors of the field of literature with the field of ideology and the field of power.

The article is devoted to the poetics of the incarnation of the image of Moscow in the Russian literature of the beginning of the XXI century based on prose by Sergei Shargunov, Roman Senchin, Olga Slavnikova. The author refers to the history of the formation of the “Moscow text” and reveals in prose by contemporary authors as following the tradition of the image of Moscow as the preference of new artistic practices, including the decline in the status of traditional sacred loci of the “Moscow text”, the dominance of urban images, devoid of historical and cultural significance, the image of Moscow as semiotic empty space. The author analyzes the artistic conception of the hero of the “Moscow text” - the righteous and wanderer by S. A. Shargunov, the layman, indifferent to everything that is not the scope of his personal well-being by R. V. Senchin and the careerist, developing the idea of Dostoevsky’s “the underground man” by O. A. Slavnikova. The author comes to the conclusion that in the “Moscow text” of the twenty-first century, the capital has become a city of career, in the gallery leading characters took the place of heroes-ordinary people and heroes-careerists, converging “Moscow” and “St. Petersburg” local texts of Russian literature in the spirit of the worldwide trend towards unification and standardization of life of big cities.

The article discusses the image of a woman-snake from different angles and different authors. the traditional image is often found in the mythology of various nationalities, and also in folk tales. when this woman- snake carries a variety of characters from the evil witch to an innocent victim. in terms of the symbolism of the snake woman in the article discusses three works: S. Coleridge “ Christabel”,E.T.A. Hoffmann, “The Golden Pot”, and Guy de Maupassant “Crazy?”. All authors zoomorphic image of the woman-snake is quite different meanings and is a reflection of the ambivalent symbolism of the snake as a symbol. For the early romance S. Colridge this image is demonic, E. T. A. Hoffmann representative of late romanticism, woman- snake displays pagan ideas about the serpent, realist Guy de Maupassant uses everyday’s beliefs about the serpent.

The article is based on the relevant for modern humane studies noosphere approach. Author offers for the first time a new object of inquiry - news field, which is regarded as a complex information and communicative phenomenon. News field accumulates information about past events in the form of rigidly structured messages, building them into its own structure, which author describes as a right pyramid. Important news messages are assembled on the top of the pyramid, the less important - in its middle section and the background is contained at the bottom. Pyramid structures of the message and the news field are mutually determinant. Horizontal structure of the field is represented by the “news chains” - separate news stories. News fields have their own hierarchy, where the higher field selects and structures information from the lower.

This article discusses the basic principles of forming the image of the Internet as a new communication platform. The author draws attention to the fact that the most popular methods of impact on the audience are developed and used offline mechanisms of manipulation of mass consciousness and public opinion. At the same time an attempt is made to study the modern techniques used in the new media and their effectiveness when working with the target audience.Today, the Internet plays an important role in the formation, operation and evolution of the social consciousness. The perception and interpretation of the most significant events and phenomena occurring in the country and the world in general is carried out directly through the news sites, the blogosphere and social networks. With the gradual penetration and fixation of the Internet in the political sphere, it is possible to talk about turning it into a tool for the implementation of the political process.Thus, the modern principles of regulatory work to an audience of the Internet, are universal development professionals, whose professional interests lie in different areas of public knowledge.

This article concludes an overview of reaserches about works of Vladimir Vysotsky (vysotskovedeniye), that had been written by this moment. I also had made a careful study of doctoral researches about works of Vladimir Vysotsky. There is also a critical analysis of doctoral researches, that had been protected in 2010-2014.For the first time in the science about «bard song», all doctoral researches about Vladimir Vysotsky compiled and systematized by author. These works investigated from a statistical, geography of creation and belonging to the different scientific branches perspective. Dissertational researches in recent years were analyzed in order to determine their relevance, information availability about the development of «vysotskovedenie» and history of profile issue. Works without references to the previous experience of studying the matter under consideration, as well as containing a plagiarism were detected among them.