TECHNOPARKS AND SCIENCE-INTENSIVE PRODUCTION: AN ADVANCED EXPERIENCE

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

The development of science-intensive technologies is crucial for the social and economic stability of the nation. The current technological system calls for a unification of scientific and technological approaches in the innovation-driven development. The introduction of innovations is necessary for moderni-zation of the national economy and for making Russian companies more efficient. Without the constant development of science and education, there is a threat of social and cultural stagnation; while the world trend of changing and improving the production involves the emergence of new formats of economic interac-tion in which the science-intensive and convergent technologies play the key role. The science-intensive development requires the full-fledged institutional interaction, the joint activity of stakeholders, i.e. the devel-opment of special territories where economic, infrastructural and social-cultural conditions allow the intro-duction of new technologies. Technoparks represent one of the most popular formats of such territories. Today the Russian Federation has several technoparks. However, their work is not always satisfactory and needs optimization, especially for the greater efficiency of the science-intensive technologies. To identify the most effective ways of upgrading the Russian technoparks, the authors studied the experience of 12 most successful technoparks abroad, and make recommendations for improving the management system of tech-noparks and enhancing their scientific and innovative activities. The article describes the features of sci-ence-intensive technologies; the challenges the innovative organizations face; the role of technoparks in ensuring the growth of the innovative potential of the state; the formats and structure of technoparks as well as the recommendations for making them more effective in developing science-intensive technolo-gies. The article also presents the results of the studies of the Russian technoparks over the last ten years. The authors try to identify the main methods for optimization and modernization of technoparks to increase their role in the innovation-driven development of the state.

About the authors

I O Tyurina

Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: irina1-tiourina@yandex.ru
Krzhizhanovskogo St., 24/35-5, 117218, Moscow, Russia

A V Neverov

RUDN University (Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia)

Email: neverov_av@rudn.university
Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198, Moscow, Russia

M A Ulyanychev

RUDN University (Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia)

Email: maks.76maksim@mail.ru
y (Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia) Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, 117198, Moscow, Russia

References

  1. Bestuzhev-Lada I.V. Prognoznoe obosnovanie social'nyh novovvedenij [Predicative Foundations of Social Innovations]. Moscow; 1993 (In Russ.).
  2. Birzolov D.V. Innovacionnaya ekonomika strany i rol' tehnoparkov v nej [Innovative economy of the country, and the role of technoparks]. Vestnik Leningradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. A.S. Pushkina. 2012;1 (In Russ.).
  3. Borisoglebskaya L.N., Yemelyanov S.G., Maltseva A.A. Razrabotka organizacionnoj modeli tehnoparka na osnove metodov proektnogo upravleniya [Developing the technopark organization model by the project management methods]. Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2010;26 (In Russ.).
  4. Burangulova R.N., Lavrova O.M., Khalikova D.A. Tehnoparki kak instrument razvitiya nauki i proizvodstva. Sravnenie opyta Germanii i Rossii [Technoparks as an instrument of developing science and production. German and Russian experience compared]. Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2012;10 (In Russ.).
  5. Butryumova N.N., Fiyaksel E.A. Tehnoparki kak element innovacionnoj ekonomiki [Technoparks as an element of innovative economy]. Innovatsii. 2009;1 (In Russ.).
  6. Dubovitskaya L. Tehnoparki kak instrument ustraneniya regional'nyh razlichij soglasno rekomendaciyam Evropejskogo Soyuza [Technoparks as an instrument of eliminating regional differences according to the European Union recommendations]. Nauchniy dialog: Ekonomika. Pravo. 2014;31 (In Russ.).
  7. Dudnik A.S., Neverov A.V. Osobennosti ocenki gotovnosti social'noj sredy organizacii k izmeneniyam v processe upravleniya innovaciyami [Assessment of the readiness of the social sphere of the organization for changes in the innovation management]. Vestnik RUDN. Seriya: Gosudarstvennoe i municipal'noe upravlenie. 2015;4 (In Russ.).
  8. Frolov V.N. Organy upravleniya tehnoparkov, ih rol' v organizacii upravleniya [Technopark management bodies, and their role in organizing management]. Vestnik Volzhskogo universiteta im. V.N. Tatishcheva. 2012;2 (In Russ.).
  9. Gavrilova Ye., Klimentova G. Deyatel'nost' tehnoparka Parco Scientifico Romano [The Activities of Parco Scientifico Romano technopark]. Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2012;2 (In Russ.).
  10. Grasmik K.I., Kolesova A.A. Tehnologicheskij klaster v Bangalore: klyuchevye faktory razvitiya [Technological cluster in Bangalore: Key factors of development]. Vestnik Omskogo universiteta. 2014;2 (In Russ.).
  11. Innovative Activity Indicators 2016. https://www.hse.ru/primarydata/ii2016.
  12. Islamova O.A., Trostyansky D.V. Formirovanie innovacionnoj infrastruktury v industrial'nom komplekse Uzbekistana [Formation of the innovative infrastructure in the Uzbekistan industrial complex]. Vestnik UGUEHS. Nauka. Obrazovanie. Ekonomika. Seriya: Ekonomika. 2014;3 (In Russ.).
  13. Karpov S.A. Upravlenie innovacionnym razvitiem regiona na primere tehnoparka Francii [Management of innovative development of the region: the French technopark]. Voprosy gosudarstvennogo i munitsipalnogo upravleniya. 2012;3 (In Russ.).
  14. Karpova Yu.A. Vvedenie v sociologiyu innovatiki [Introduction to Sociology of Innovations]. Saint Petersburg; 2004 (In Russ.).
  15. Klyucharev G.A. Tehnologicheskaya kreativnost' sredy: Rossiya na fone drugih stran [Technological creativity of the environment: Russia compared to other countries]. Sotsiologicheskaya nauka i sotsialnaya praktika. 2015;3 (In Russ.).
  16. Kochetkov G.B., Supyan V.B. Rol' universitetov v formirovanii innovacionnoj ekonomiki regionov (opyt SSHA i uroki dlya Rossii) [The role of universities in forming innovative regional economies (US experience and lessons for Russia)]. Modernizatsiya. Innovatsiya. Razvitiye. 2010;4 (In Russ.).
  17. Kotelnikov N.V., Nagayeva A.V. Analiz i razvitie tehnoparka kak ob’ekta innovacionnoj infrastruktury [Analysis and development of the technopark as an object of innovative infrastructure]. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2014;6 (In Russ.).
  18. Mikhailova O.V. Po tempam perekhoda na cifrovoe TV Rossiya dogonyaet Evropu [Russia is catching up with Europe in switching to digital TV]. http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?osbn= 0309084369 (In Russ.).
  19. Morozova Ye.B. Tehnoparki v sfere vysokih tehnologij v Rossijskoj Federacii: Mezhdunarodnyj i otechestvennyj opyt, principy, metody i problemy sozdaniya [Technoparks in the sphere of high technologies in the Russian Federation: International and Russian experience, principles, methods and challenges]. Vestnik Volzhskogo universiteta im. V.N. Tatishcheva. 2009;16 (In Russ.).
  20. Mukhlisova A.R., Barinova V.A., Kotsyubinsky V.A., Rybalkin V. Tehnoparki stran mira. Organizaciya deyatel'nosti i sravnenie [Technoparks of the World. Organization of Activities and Comparison]. Moscow: Gaidar Institute; 2012 (In Russ.).
  21. Narbut N.P, Puzanova Zh.V., Larina T.I. Social'noe izmerenie zhizni rossijskogo studenchestva v kontekste evrointegracii obrazovatel'nogo prostranstva: Metodicheskie aspekty issledovaniya (na primere RUDN) [Social dimension of the life of the Russian students in the context of the European integration of the education: Methodological aspects of the study (on the example of the RUDN University]. RUDN journal of Sociology. 2014;4 (In Russ.).
  22. Nebroskiy Ye.V. Sposoby osushchestvleniya integracii obrazovaniya, nauki i biznesa v universitetah za rubezhom [Methods of integrating education, science and business at the universities abroad]. Izvestiya Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Pedagogicheskie nauki. 2011;1 (In Russ.).
  23. Neverov A.V., Tyurina I.O., Chursina A.V. Vliyanie patentnogo zakonodatel'stva na razvitie naukoemkih tekhnologij: sociologicheskij analiza [The impact of patent legislation on the development of science-intensive technologies: Sociological analysis]. RUDN Journal of Sociology. 2016;4 (In Russ.).
  24. Perlaki I. Novovvedeniya v organizaciyah [Innovations in Organizations]. Moscow: Ekonomika; 1980 (In Russ.).
  25. Puchkov M.V., Yagafarova Ye.A. Innovacionnyj klaster i megauniversitet Guanchzhou na baze promyshlennogo centra svobodnoj ekonomicheskoj zony [Guangzhou innovation cluster and megauniversity on the basis of free economic zone industrial center]. Akademicheskij vestnik URALNIIPROEKT RAASN. 2010;3 (In Russ.).
  26. Roco M.C., Bainbridge W.S. (Eds.) Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance in Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information Technology and Cognitive Science. NSF-DOC Report. Boston: Kluwer, 2002.
  27. Rodgers E.M. Diffusion of Innovations. N.Y.: Free Press; 2003.
  28. Sakun A.S. Nacional'nye strategii razvitiya tehnoparkov [National Strategies of Technopark Development]. Ekonomicheskiy analiz: teoriya i praktika. 2014;5 (In Russ.).
  29. Schumpeter J.A. Teoriya ekonomicheskogo razvitiya [A Theory of Economic Development]. Moscow; 1982 (In Russ.).
  30. Sharkov F.I. Razvitie virtual'nyh setevyh soobshchestv v Internete [The development of virtual network communities in the Internet]. Kommunikologiya. 2015;5 (In Russ.).
  31. Sitnikov A. Dognat' Kaliforniyu [To catch up with California]. http://www.forbes.ru/forbes/ issue/2010-04/48384-dognat-kaliforniyu (In Russ.).
  32. Statistical Yearbook. https://www/hse.ru/primarydata/ii2016.
  33. Vasilenko N.D. Innovacionnaya politika stran ES: teoretiko-pravovoj aspekt deyatel'nosti tehnoparkoo i tehnopolisov [Innovative policy of the EU: Theoretical-legal aspect of the technoparks and techno-polis activities]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya “Yurisprudenciya”. 2013;2 (In Russ.).
  34. Vilyanov S. CES 2016: Pochemu samaya bol'shaya vystavka elektroniki ostalas' bez novinok? [CES 2016. Why the largest electronics show did not have any novelties?]. http://bankir.ru/ publikacii/20160107/ces-2016-pochemu-samay-bolshaya-vystavka-elektroniki-ostalas-bez novinok- 10007067 (In Russ.).
  35. Vilyanov S. Vse, chto ne sluchilos' v Vegase. Zametki o CES 2017 [All that did not happen in Vegas. Notes on CES 2017]. http://bankir.ru/publikacii/20170111/vse-chto-ne-sluchilos-vvegase-zametki-o-ces-2017-10008453 (In Russ.).

Copyright (c) 2017 Tyurina I.O., Neverov A.V., Ulyanychev M.A.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies