Synharmonic Phonostylistics in Comparison with Non-Synharmonic one: on the material of the Kazakh and Russian Languages

As a scientific discipline phono stylistics originates from the scientific studies by N.S. Trubetskoy. In the Turkic languages, phono stylistics is synharmonic. The words of the Turkic languages are marked with one of the four types of synharmonism - synharmolingvohard, synharmolingvosoft, synharmolingvolabiohard, siyharmolingvolabiosoft. Synharmonism is a universal prosodic property of the Turkic languages, it permeates the entire word, both monosyllabic and polysyllabic, therefore, phono variations are synharmonic: when alternating phonemes in synharmonic phono variants, another synharmonious phoneme functions in the place of synharmohard phoneme, and another synharmosoft phoneme functions in the place of synharmosoft phoneme. Synharmonism covers both segmental and supersegmental phono stylistics of the Turkic languages. The synharmonic phono stylistics of the Kazakh language is synharmolingual, since labial synharmonism is not manifested in it, with the exception of several words in which the presence of labial synharmonism is debatable. The article is devoted to the study of relevant issues in the field of phono stylistics on the basis of vocabulary of synharmonic and accent languages. The phono variations of the Kazakh language at the prosodic (synharmonic) level are characterized by the following differentiation: into stylistically equivalent singharmonic phono variants; into stylistically not equivalent synharmonic phono variants; into synharmonic phono variants, the sound of which, depending on type of synharmonism, is spelled differently, but in status of normative spelling. In this case synharmonic phono variants of one word can be spelled differently. The polysemy in the manifestation of sound stylistics is based on the typological diversity of languages possessing different systems. Thus, in Russian, the prosodic dominant of a word is verbal stress, heterogeneity and mobility of which contributes to generation of supersegmental phono stylistics of language unit. A change in pronunciation of a word of synharmonic type contributes to the generation of its synharmonic phono variant. This diversity of systems is the basis for heterogeneous manifestation of both segmental and super-segmental phono stylistics in these languages. In course of conducting scientific study, such methods of scientific research as comparative, contrastive, opposition of minimal pairs, semantic-stylistic were used. The results of contrastive study are of theoretical and practical importance.