No 3 (2016)

The article analyzes the views of Fyodor Dostoyevsky and M. Voloshin on the phenomenon of the Russian Revolution. Both authors see the triumph of atheism over religious and ethical foundations. It also deals with publicist works of Voloshin and Dostoevsky, showing not only the similarity of their moral philosophy, but also the continuity between the ideological and aesthetic programs of both thinkers. The article also describes the views of Dostoyevsky and M. Voloshin on the role of philosophy of nihilism in the formation of anarchist doctrines. It demonstrates the conviction of the great thinkers that revolutionary ideas could be defeated only with humanistic thinking, based on the strengthening of moral principles. It also cites the authors for the primarily peaceful and constructive nature of Russian nation.

The article discusses the issue of the early poems of G. Ivanov’s definition as symbolist or acmeist. Alexander Blok was the most important figure, who influenced Georgy Ivanov’s formation at the beginning of his way. Also researchers often mention the names of M. Kuzmin, N. Gumilev etc. In this regard the main problem of researching this period of Ivanov’s way seems to determine his early poems as symbolist or acmeist ones. The poems of the first book “The Embarkment for Cythera” tend to be written in symbolist poetic manner, although the following books demonstrate, that G. Ivanov synthesize the features of both literary schools, sometimes in the same poem. The early poems ofIvanov are the unique phenomenon of the post-symbolist epoch, which is characterized by its tendency of deep interpenetration of different literary schools’ principles.

The article considers some of the major processes in Russian children’s literature of the pre-war period, the causes and consequences of the influence (hidden) of the governmental order in the art, that affected in a specific idealization of the image of the child and of public consciousness. The author needs commit an excursus in the past, in decades of the origin and development of the concept of “personality” in the movement of Russian literature for adults and then for children, indicates the emergence of new, “Soviet” traditions in the understanding of personality - in the idealization of the personality of the teenager-”chieftain”, in the affirmation of the priority of public goals over private goals. The main part of the article is devoted to the attempt to make a new explanation of the originality of works for juvenility of A.P. Gaidar and V.A. Oseeva, in particular, the formal-substantive “roll call” of narratives “Timur and his team” and “Vasek Trubachev and his comrades”. Similarities and differences between the reactions of these writers to the socio-cultural situation in the country are determinated in the article.

The article deals with the formation of Soviet Oriental Studies. Y. Marr’s activity is the centre of attention. Y. Marr’s works are hardly mentioned nowdays. It seems that the works of this outstanding orientalist are not needed. However, even a superficial review of the articles by Y. Marr is indicative of thematic breadth and analytical depth. Y. Marr’s works are of particular interest for the Azerbaijani oriental studies, as one of its most important aspects was to determine the place of Azerbaijani poets in the context of Persian literature. The article also examines the assessment of M. Akhundov’s works and its influence on Persian literature made by the Soviet literary critics.

The article discusses the problem of gender roles in the novels of “new objectivism” - a literary movement, that dominated the German literature of the 1920s and early 30s and was dedicated to the modernization of German society at that time, including changes in gender roles. Modern researchers speak about the crisis of the gender role of men in the “new objectivism” as the hero appears as a victim and gets such characteristics as passivity, disorientation and dependence. As for the gender role of women, the emancipation in German society during the period of Weimar Republik, was embodied in the image of the “new woman”, who became the subject of interpretation by women- writers - I. Koin,Fleißer and others. The greatest attention in the article is paid to the novel by M. Fleißer “Mehlreisende Frieda Geyer”, which interpreted both gender roles of men and women. The male character gets the traditionally “female” characteristics, and the heroine - “masculine” ones. Frieda Geyer is close to male heroes of the “new objectivism”, standing on the position of critical distance to her time and isshown through the typical principle of the “new objectivism” - antipsychologism. Female images in the „new objectivism“ are generally associated with the problem of self-determination, they choose between the traditional role and that of the “new woman”, though both of them don’t have sharp contours.

The article aims at the study of the representation of serial killer Charles Manson in The New York Times using content analysis. The research includes all newspaper articles that have been published from the time of the first murder and until the judgment of the court. During the research the author analyzes not only exterior characteristics of the articles (genre, photographs, comments, etc.) but also interior characteristics created by the author (evaluative and descriptive elements, character properties). The author assumes that the newspaper intentionally or unintentionally creates an appealing image of the killer using different methods and linguistic techniques. Statistical data that we have obtained allow us to assert that the author`s hypothesis is confirmed. In particular, the author finds out that The NewYork Times journalists depict Charles Manson as a nationwide celebrity and a mystic monster and endow him with supernatural properties and outstanding abilities. Such depiction has a great influence on the audience’s perception of the killer.

This article discusses aspects of the development of advertising in Russia and the place of international advertising in particular. The main features are the volume of international advertising and the audience motives in the consumption of such information in close connection with the general economic situation in the country, as well as the attitude towards the “other” countries.

The article discusses and reveals the role of mass media in changing political model of society on the example of the Hungarian media in 1988-1989. The author carried out the study and analysis of an extensive volume of Hungarian sources, mainly the Central press of the relevant period, thecharacteristic regularities of the influence of means of mass communication on public consciousness and, eventually, mitigation and transformation of the ruling regime in the country. Methodology the activities of the means of mass communication and their manipulative influence on the audience identified in the article can be considered as a prototype of information technology, which later, with the addition of new elements of public policy with the involvement of such a resource as the Internet, will take the form of the finished scheme effective preparation and conducting of the “orange” revolutions.