No 3 (2013)

The aim of study was to detect the genetic factors which cause the predisposition for alcoholic liver damage. The main candidate genes of high risk are isoforms of adh and aldh genes which are responsible for different rate of alcohol metabolism and oxidation of ethanol and acetaldehyde. Our results demonstrated that allelic variant adh 2-2 is in a higher frequency in patients with alcoholic liver damage than in a population (16% vs. 7%; p < 0,05). The polymorphism t 174 m of angiotensinogen gene AGT was studied as risk factor of alcoholic liver damage. The allelic variant т of angiotensinogen gene AGT is more frequent (15,8%) in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and alcohol abuse without cirrhosis (n = 98) than in a population (6,7%, n = 52; p = 0,04). the greater frequency of allele m was in a group with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (17,3%; p = 0,058). Our. data provides the evidence that polymorphism t 174 m of AGT gene does not influence the progression (clinical picture) of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, except the level of GGT, which is increased in patients with homozygous genotype tt.

Arteriosclerosis involves the whole human vascular system with a somewhat patchy appearance. Although typical arteriosclerotic lesions are confined to major arteries, vessels of microcirculation are affected as well. Retinal vessels are part of the microvascular bed. They can be assessed in non invasive ways by rather simple optical methods and are similar to cerebral vessels in their structure and function. Retinal vessels are not straight tubes with a constant lumen, but rather possess narrower and wider diameters in different segments. The aim of the present work was to study functional and morphological age-related alterations in retinal vasculature as well as to determine quantitative parameters which could characterize these changes. Changes in longitudinal vessel section of retinal arterial segments were examined clinically by Retinal Vessel Analyzer (IMEDOS, Germany) in 35 anamnesticaly healthy persons at the age of 21—27 years, 40—60 years and 60—85. A monochromatic flicker of 12.5 Hz was applied for 60 s. Arterial diameters were measured in vessel segments of 1 mm in length in order to obtain the longitudinal arterial profiles. Differences in amplitude and frequency of arterial widths change were characterized by the parameter ‘spectral edge frequency’ (SEF). The rate of microirregularity of retinal arterial inner walls along a vessel increased significantly in anamnesticaly healthy volunteers with increasing age. SEF was significantly different between the young and senior age groups in each phase of the arterial reaction to flicker ( p < 0,05, Mann-Whitney-Test). No significant difference within any age group was found in each phase of the arterial reaction. No significant difference between the middle age and either young or old volunteers was found at baseline. However following stimulation the middle age group displayed a significant difference to the young group with values resembling the old age group. It is concluded, that retinal arteries in the elderly sustain significant microstructural changes of their longitudinal profiles, which might be of either functional or irreversible nature and might be an expression of endothelial damage, the instability of vessel wall or partial degradation of smooth musculature of vessel wall.

The own observation of treatment of patients with advanced kidney cancer by sunitinib — the angiogenesis blocker and tyrosine kinases inhibitor medication — is presented. 44 patients having distant metastases of renal cancer underwent therapy. In the course of treatment in the group of favorable and intermediate prognosis ( n = 44), disease-free survival was 13 months, the overall survival rate — 22 months. Analyzed all complications associated with the use of sunitinib. Data obtained allow to recommend sunitinib for the treatment of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma with the timely prevention of complications of this treatment.

Air cyst of the larynx (laryngocele) is relatively rare lesion. Publications about the diseases are based on description of clinical cases and there is no universal classification. Treatment of the disease is usually surgical, but the methods of surgery are varied and mainly based on the choice of approach to the tumor. The authors observed and treated 16 patients with laryngocele. Internal laryngeal air cysts were removed by endolaryngeal approach under intravenous anesthesia with mechanical ventilation of lungs and plastics of postoperative wound. External and combined cysts were removed according to the authors’ method without opening the lumen of the hypopharynx and larynx. This method was developed by the authors of the work.

The immunological studies were carried out and the evaluation of immunological effectiveness of antiseptic agents in the treatment of patients with chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis is given. The results showed different nature of miramistin’s and chlorhexidine’s impact on local immunity of an oral cavity.

Morphometric parameters and productivity of Arnica foliosa and Arnica Chamissonis in a comparative perspective were studied. The identification of their materials by external features and qualitative reactions was established.

On the basis of the analysis of the Federal State General Education Standard of higher education (FGO VPO) in “Pharmacy” identified the professional competence formed in teaching discipline “Management and economics of pharmacy”. Two competence-based models of the pharmacist are proposed: based on professional and content-based programs of relevant departments. The list of subcompetences for each professional competence is made; defined the list of competences and subcompetences for pharmacists positions in a pharmacy; analyzed the frequency of execution of the competences standard in process of official functions of the drugstore’s director, the deputy, a pharmacist.

The review of world market of medical dosage forms like fast dissolving films, adjuvants, which can be use for manufacture of films, and methods of film manufacture are described.