RUDN Journal of Medicine
type: channel
description: EDITOR IN CHIEF: Zhanna D. KOBALAVA, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Internal Medicine with a course of cardiology and functional diagnostics named after V.S. Moiseev, Medical Institute, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia; ISSN: 2313-0245 (Print) ISSN: 2313-0261 (online) Founded in 1997. Publication frequency: quarterly PUBLISHER: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University) Open Access: . APC: no article processing charge Peer-Review: double blind. Publication language: Russian, English Indexation: White List, Russian Index of Science Citation, Scopus (Q3 Cite Score), Google Scholar, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, WorldCat, ResaerchBib, Lens, Research4Life, Dimensions, DOAJ, JournalTOCs, British Library, Bodleian Libraries (University of Oxford), Ghent University Library
publisher: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)
language: ru-RU
publication name: RUDN Journal of Medicine
issn: 2313-0245
copyright: The right of authorship belongs to the authors of articles. The authors transfer the rights to use the article (including the use and distribution of an article in the Open Access) to the publisher of the journal on a non-exclusive license (Publishing Agreement (Public Offer)). At the same time, authors remain full rightsholders. Publishing Agreement (Public Offer) to Publish an Article in an Academic Periodical 'RUDN Journal of Medicine' The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba” (RUDN University), represented by the Vice-Rector for Scientific Work Andrey Aleksandrovich Kostin, acting under a Power of Attorney No 0044-09/20-198 dated 29.07.2020, hereinafter referred to as the Publisher, on the one hand, hereby offers to the public at large, hereinafter referred to as the Author, on the other hand, hereinafter collectively referred to as the Parties, to enter into this agreement, hereinafter referred to as the Agreement, regarding publication of scholarly materials, hereinafter referred to as the Article, in the Journal named 'RUDN Journal of Medicine', hereinafter referred to as the Journal, under the following terms. 1. General Terms and Conditions 1.1. Pursuant to Clause 2 of the Article 437 of the Russian Federation Civil Code, this Agreement shall be recognized as the public offer, hereinafter referred to as the Offer. Subject to Article 438 of the Russian Federation Civil Code, this Offer shall be deemed to have been completely and irrevocably accepted after the Author had submitted his/her materials by uploading those onto the network electronic system of the article acquisition for review available at the respective section of the Journal's site at URL: http://journals.rudn.ru/index.php/medicine/author/submit/1 on the Information and Communication Network known as the Internet, hereinafter referred to as the Internet. 1.2. Pursuant to the Russian Federation e…
items: Shaping the future of radiotherapy: the role of electron beams and flash techniques
items: Multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity in medicine and education as a tool for improving the quality of patients’ antitumor treatment
items: Killing potential of circulating neutrophils in renal tumors
items: Elemental homeostasis in children and adolescents after completion of antitumor therapy for malignant neoplasms
items: Expression of immune-associated genes in isolated classical monocytes in preeclampsia
items: Development of a prognostic scale for assessing the risk of cervicitis based on extracellular microscopy data in Pap tests
items: The role of type 2 inflammation in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis
items: Effect of mydriasis degree on intraoperative complications in patients with complicated cataract associated with pseudoexfoliative syndrome
items: Effectiveness of sensorimotor training in different social conditions of men’s and women’s activities in mono-gender dyads

Shaping the future of radiotherapy: the role of electron beams and flash techniques
type: item
description: Relevance. Radiation therapy (RT) remains a cornerstone of oncology, offering targeted treatment for various cancers. With its roots tracing back to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Röntgen and radium research by Marie Curie, RT has evolved into a sophisticated field encompassing a range of techniques. However, the rising global cancer burden highlights the need for continuous advancements to enhance efficacy while minimizing collateral damage. Traditional modalities such as X-rays and gamma rays have established their role in cancer treatment, yet they often lead to unintended damage to healthy tissues. Electron therapy has emerged as a promising alternative, leveraging distinct dosimetric properties that enable precise targeting with limited penetration depth. Low-energy electron beams are ideal for superficial tumors, while Very High-­Energy Electrons (VHEEs) extend the reach to deep-seated tumors, rivalling proton and heavy-ion therapies. Furthermore, the FLASH effect — a phenomenon reducing healthy tissue toxicity at ultra-high dose rates, offers a breakthrough in electron therapy, improving patient quality of life. Despite these advancements, challenges persist. Limited penetration depth, secondary radiation from bremsstrahlung, and complexities in dose delivery systems constrain broader clinical adoption. Moreover, unresolved biological uncertainties, such as variability in relative biological effectiveness (RBE), necessitate further research. This review explores the historical evolution, unique benefits, and limitations of electron therapy compared to traditional modalities. It highlights advancements like VHEEs, FLASH therapy, and hybrid approaches, while addressing technological challenges and the future potential of electron beams in oncology. Conclusion. Integrated with recent technological breakthroughs, electron therapy may redefine the future of radiotherapy by offering safer, more precise, and individualized cancer treatment strategies.
creator: Mikhail A. Parshenkov
creator: Polina P. Skovorodko
creator: Danila A. Petrusevich
creator: Shagun N. Makaeva
creator: Svetlana G. Osipova
creator: Gumru R. Ibragimova
creator: Alexandra O. Istyagina
creator: Kristina A. Balaeva
creator: Galina M. Rodionova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Parshenkov M.A., Skovorodko P.P., Petrusevich D.A., Makaeva S.N., Osipova S.G., Ibragimova G.R., Istyagina A.O., Balaeva K.A., Rodionova G.M. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 283
ending page: 301
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-283-301

Multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity in medicine and education as a tool for improving the quality of patients’ antitumor treatment
type: item
description: Relevance. Despite the advances in modern medicine, the improvement of treatment methods for many diseases, the overall incidence of cancer, as well as mortality from cancer, remains high. At the same time, the approaches to antitumor treatment themselves often significantly reduce the quality of life of patients, limit their ability to work, which causes certain social and economic damage from these diseases. In this regard, issues of improving the quality of antitumor treatment are among the priority issues in healthcare today. The purpose of this study is to find new possible tools and approaches to improve the quality of antitumor treatment for patients at different levels, including clinical and educational. It is possible to significantly change and improve the quality of oncological care for patients through the tools and technologies of accompanying therapy, including dental support, the clinical significance of which is critically underestimated today. Improving the methods of accompanying therapy is a multidisciplinary problem that can and should be solved exclusively in the context of interdisciplinary interaction of specialists of different profiles. Currently, the development of dental support is limited by a number of factors, such as clinical or organizational, but one of the most significant factors is the insufficient focus on this problem in medical education. Of course, the current pace of development of medicine, the introduction of new technologies, including artificial intelligence, increase the requirements for a modern specialist doctor and require extensive knowledge that goes beyond one discipline, including the presence of interdisciplinary thinking. Conclusion.Thus, the introduction of interdisciplinary approaches in the training of future dentists and doctors specializing in «General Medicine», training students at the intersection of different specialties (oncology and dentistry, dentistry and hematology) can improve the quality of dent…
creator: Anatoliy M. Avanesov
creator: Vera A. Titova
creator: Evgeniya N. Gvozdikova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Avanesov A.M., Titova V.A., Gvozdikova E.N. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 302
ending page: 311
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-302-311

Killing potential of circulating neutrophils in renal tumors
type: item
description: Relevance. Currently, the study of the role of neutrophils in the development of renal cancer is of considerable interest. The study of the immunopathogenesis of renal cancer is determined by the need to use combined treatment with immunotherapy. It is known that neutrophils have both pro- and antitumor properties, which are associated with the level of surface receptors CD11b, CD16, CD63, CD66b and the killing activity of neutrophils. The aim of the study was to assess the killing potential of circulating neutrophils in renal tumors. Materials and Methods. The object of the study was circulating neutrophils of patients with verified renal cancer (n = 74), patients with renal benign neoplasms (n = 18) and conditionally healthy donors (n = 22). The study of the phenotype of the isolated neutrophils was carried out by flow cytometry. Neutrophil extracellular traps were counted using the method by I.I. Dolgushin. Results and Discussion. Analysis of the percentage of neutrophil extracellular traps showed an increase in their number in the groups of patients with renal cancer, both stages I–II and III–IV, relative to the control group and the group of patients with renal benign neoplasms. An increase in the neutrophil trap index was found in the groups of patients with renal cancer stages I–II and III–IV relative to the control group and the group of patients with renal benign neoplasms. When assessing the phagocytic activity and the phagocytic activity index, a significant increase in these indicators was found in the groups of patients with renal cancer relative to the control group and the group of patients with renal benign neoplasms. A correlation was found between the percentage of neutrophil extracellular traps (r = 0.438, p = 0.001), the phagocytic activity (r = 0.431, p = 0.001) and the phagocytic activity index (r = 0.507, p = 0.001) of neutrophils and the stage of renal cancer. A significant increase in the percentage of neutrophils expressing CD66b receptors …
creator: Ilseya R. Myagdieva
creator: Tatyana V. Abakumova
creator: Dinara R. Dolgova
creator: Oleg Yu. Gorshkov
creator: Tatyana P. Gening
creator: Galiya V. Galieva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Myagdieva I.R., Abakumova T.V., Dolgova D.R., Gorshkov O.Y., Gening T.P., Galieva G.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 312
ending page: 320
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-312-320

Elemental homeostasis in children and adolescents after completion of antitumor therapy for malignant neoplasms
type: item
description: Relevance. As medical research develops, more and more attention is being paid to the study of elemental changes in cancer patients not only as a marker of the disease, but also as a possible complication of the disease. The aim was to study changes in the level of essential and toxic trace elements in patients who have undergone antitumor therapy (AT) for malignant neoplasms (MN). Materials and Methods. As part of a retrospective monocenter study, a group of 214 patients from the Russian Field Medical and Rehabilitation Research Center aged 4 to 17 years was formed. All patients were in remission after the completion of antitumor treatment: 107 patients with hemoblastosis and 107 with solid tumors. The age of the participants ranged from 4.2 to 17.6 years, with an average age of 11.4 years. For a comprehensive assessment of the elemental status in children, hair and blood serum were used, measurements were carried out by mass spectrometry after mineralization of the samples. Results and Discussion. The results of the study of hair samples and blood serum showed that the elemental profile of patients after AT has both similar patterns and distinctive features depending on the histological type of tumor. Conclusions. Patients with solid tumors had a higher accumulation of toxic metals compared to samples taken from patients with tumors of the hematopoiesis organs. Nevertheless, no serious specific changes in elemental homeostasis were observed depending on the histological structure. The results obtained emphasize the importance of careful monitoring of homeostasis parameters to prevent the development of complications of antitumor therapy associated with elemental homeostasis.
creator: Elena V. Zhukovskaya
creator: Tatiana A. Lobaeva
creator: Alexander F. Karelin
creator: Tatiana V. Korobeynikova
creator: Alexander G. Rumyantsev
creator: Anatoly V. Skalny
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Zhukovskaya E.V., Lobaeva T.A., Karelin A.F., Korobeynikova T.V., Rumyantsev A.G., Skalny A.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 321
ending page: 334
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-321-334

Expression of immune-associated genes in isolated classical monocytes in preeclampsia
type: item
description: Relevance. Preeclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy, occurring in 8 % of cases and causing high maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The etiology of preeclampsia is still a subject of research; however, more and more data indicate the involvement of innate immune cells, monocytes, in the pathogenesis of this dangerous pathology. The aim of our work was to study the expression of a number of immune-­associated genes in classical blood monocytes in preeclampsia and physiological pregnancy. Materials and Methods. The work used the methods of gradient centrifugation, magnetic sorting, cytometric analysis, real-time PCR. Results and Discussion. For the first time, an increase in the expression of the pseudogene of the adhesion receptor coupled to the G protein, ADGRE4P, in classical monocytes in preeclampsia is described. A significantly low relative level of expression of the interleukin 8 gene — CXCL8 — in preeclampsia was also revealed. Сonclusion. The role of individual monocytic subpopulations in the development of preeclampsia is still being clarified. It is obvious that monocytes can change the cytokine profile of blood plasma of patients with preeclampsia, enhance the reactions of innate immunity, including inflammation. The chemokine IL8 and the gene encoding it, as well as the pseudogene of the adhesion receptor, can become a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of this dangerous gestational pathology.
creator: Polina A. Vishnyakova
creator: Viktoriia V. Kiseleva
creator: Anastasiya S. Poltavets
creator: V. E. Karyagina
creator: Aida A. Bagdasarian
creator: Evgeny N. Knyazev
creator: Kamilla T. Muminova
creator: Zulfiya S. Khodzhaeva
creator: Andrey V. Elchaninov
creator: Gennady T. Sukhikh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Vishnyakova P.A., Kiseleva V.V., Poltavets A.S., Karyagina V.E., Bagdasarian A.A., Knyazev E.N., Muminova K.T., Khodzhaeva Z.S., Elchaninov A.V., Sukhikh G.T. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 335
ending page: 352
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-335-352

Development of a prognostic scale for assessing the risk of cervicitis based on extracellular microscopy data in Pap tests
type: item
description: Relevance. Cervicitis remains a major health problem worldwide with a global prevalence ranging from 20% to 40% among women attending reproductive health clinics. In Russia, this disease affects approximately 15% to 30% of women of reproductive age. It’s a significant problem requiring a revision of existing medical screening protocols for this population. The high prevalence of cervicitis indicates the need for a more systematic approach to diagnosis and treatment to reduce incidence and prevent possible complications. Materials and Methods. We analyzed data from 2991 studies from the archive of the Laboratory Diagnostics Center of the Medical Complex of the Far Eastern Federal University in Vladivostok for the period 2014–2023. Data analysis included statistical processing, searching for correlation dependencies between numerical and categorical indicators, and building a logistic regression model. The data were checked and validated on a test sample to ensure the representativeness of the results and their application in clinical practice. Results and Discussion. During the study, a mathematical predictive model of logistic regression was developed in the form of a scale for preliminary assessment of the presence of inflammatory processes in the cervix based on parameters including the presence of mucus and key cells, as well as the calculated indicator of the total microbiota. The resulting model demonstrated moderate accuracy in recognizing cervicitis (AUC = 72%), allowing it to be effectively used in practice for the early diagnosis of cervicitis. Conclusion. Mathematical analysis of extracellular elements data can be used as a diagnostic tool to assess the presence of changes associated with an increased risk of cervical inflammation. The use of this scale in clinical practice can significantly improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment of cervicitis, helping to reduce morbidity and improve women’s reproductive health.
creator: Bogdan O. Shcheglov
creator: Tatyana G. Lobova
creator: Iulia V. Mikhailova
creator: Ivan V. Reva
creator: Dmitry P. Puga
creator: Irina P. Koval
creator: Svetlana N. Shcheglova
creator: Marina B. Khamoshina
creator: Victor V. Usov
creator: Kirill V. Stegniy
creator: Yuliya I. Gainullina
creator: Galina V. Reva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Shcheglov B.O., Lobova T.G., Mikhailova I.V., Reva I.V., Puga D.P., Koval I.P., Shcheglova S.N., Khamoshina M.B., Usov V.V., Stegniy K.V., Gainullina Y.I., Reva G.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 353
ending page: 364
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-353-364

The role of type 2 inflammation in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis
type: item
description: Relevance. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is classified as a chronic immune-­mediated disease, with its pathogenesis rooted in genetic predisposition and immune response dysregulation, predominantly driven by T2‑inflammatory reactions. This review highlights key aspects of the immunopathogenesis of AD, emphasizing its systemic inflammatory nature linked to T2‑immune dysregulation. This leads to the activation of cytokines such as IL‑4, IL‑5, IL‑13, and IL‑31. The article analyzes modern treatment approaches, including targeted therapy aimed at blocking T2 cytokines, stressing the importance of early intervention to prevent complications and the development of the atopic march. Understanding T2‑inflammation mechanisms opens new opportunities for developing effective personalized therapies for AD. Conclusion. Type 2 inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AD, driving chronic inflammation, skin barrier dysfunction, and the clinical manifestations of the disease. Key mediators of T2 inflammation-­including IL‑4, IL‑5, IL‑13, and IL‑31‑regulate the activation of various immune-­competent cells, not only amplifying inflammation but also contributing to the development of pruritus. This, in turn, establishes the self-perpetuating “itch-scratch” cycle, which exacerbates skin damage and further stimulates inflammatory processes. Impaired skin barrier function also facilitates the penetration of allergens and microbial agents, further activating the immune response and worsening disease severity. Studying type 2 inflammation as a central mechanism in AD pathogenesis not only advances our understanding of the disease but also facilitates the development of new therapeutic strategies to control AD and improve patients’ quality of life, which remains a priority in contemporary immunology, allergology, and dermatology.
creator: Olga G. Elisyutina
creator: Evgenii V. Smolnikov
creator: Daria D. Chernushevich
creator: Alla O. Litovkina
creator: Maria G. Byazrova
creator: Elena A. Levkova
creator: Elena S. Fedenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Elisyutina O.G., Smolnikov E.V., Chernushevich D.D., Litovkina A.O., Byazrova M.G., Levkova E.A., Fedenko E.S. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 365
ending page: 384
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-365-384

Effect of mydriasis degree on intraoperative complications in patients with complicated cataract associated with pseudoexfoliative syndrome
type: item
description: Relevance. Cataract is one of the causes of blindness and low vision among the pathology of the organ of vision. Medication to cure cataracts is extremely ineffective. According to statistics, over the past year, there are about a million patients diagnosed with cataracts. The main method of surgical treatment of cataracts is phacoemulsification. The main cause of a narrow pupil with lens opacities is pseudoexfoliative syndrome, which affects the development of the disease, both in the intraoperative and postoperative periods. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of mydriasis on intraoperative complications in patients with complicated cataract in PES. Materials and Methods. The study involved 176 patients of varying severity of PES and a control group without signs of PES. Patients underwent ophthalmological diagnostics (visometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, CCFM, ruler for measuring pupil diameter, pneumotonometry, IOP according to A.N. Maklakov, 10g weight, OST of the anterior segment). In addition to ophthalmological examinations, all patients underwent anamnesis and laboratory tests before surgery according to generally accepted methods. Preoperative preparation of the patient included both drug therapy and a psychological aspect. Particular importance was attached to premedication. All patients in all study groups were prescribed a sedative (per os) 1 hour before surgery. In all observation groups, in order to achieve the cycloplegia required during the operation, instillations of mydriatics were performed according to the scheme. Results and Discussion. Evaluation of the results revealed that the degree of mydriasis is a statistically significant risk factor for the development of all complications except “conjunctiva”. For the conjunctiva, no statistically significant risk factors were found among the selected parameters. AUC for ROC curves are in the range of 0.7–0.9 for all complications, which indicates a good and satisfactory choice of mod…
creator: Bermet B. Bekmirova
creator: Michael A. Frolov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Bekmirova B.B., Frolov M.A. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 385
ending page: 396
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-385-396

Effectiveness of sensorimotor training in different social conditions of men’s and women’s activities in mono-gender dyads
type: item
description: Relevance. Investigation the features of human achievement of the results of purposeful activity in different conditions of social interactions is relevant and of high significance. The importance of this issue is underscored by the need to equip businesses with skilled professionals who possess the necessary competencies, including social abilities, in line with the evolving demands of the modern world, and also to increase the effectiveness of the educational process. Furthermore, it is crucial to safeguard the psychosomatic health of the general public, which is heavily influenced by societal factors throughout their lives and work relationships. The aim of the study was to examine changes in performance measures of sensorimotor training in different social contexts of activity in same-sex male and female pairs. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five pairs of men and 63 pairs of women (age 19 years 7 months ± 3 months) were examined, using the sensorimotor training “Columns” of the hardware-­software complex “BOS-Kinesis” (Neurotech LLC, Taganrog, Russia). The research protocol included performing the tasks in different social contexts: individually, competitively, and collaboratively with a partner in conditions with and without feedback from participants’ actions. Results and Discussion. Three groups of subjects were identified according to the indicator of maximum performance in three individual trainings: high-, medium-, and low-performers. In competition, an increase in productivity was observed in the latter two groups. Sex differences were found in the proportion of subjects with initially low performance who improved performance in competition: their % was significantly lower among men than in the sample of women. In interpersonal sensorimotor coordination with feedback from partners’ actions, males had a significant decrease in personal performance and pair integral outcome measures, in contrast to female dyads. In cooperation without feedback from participan…
creator: Elena P. Murtazina
creator: Ekaterina S. Galushka
creator: Olga I. Ermakova
creator: Oksana M. Zotova
creator: Maria. A. Markovtseva
creator: Natalia Yu. Trifonova
creator: Sergey S. Pertsov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Murtazina E.P., Galushka E.S., Ermakova O.I., Zotova O.M., Markovtseva M.A., Trifonova N.Y., Pertsov S.S. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 29
number: 3
starting page: 397
ending page: 409
doi: 10.22363/2313-0245-2025-29-3-397-409