Vol 21, No 2 (2017)

The re-mythologizing of modern culture, that is the return of archaic myths and professional mythmaking to arts, politics, advertising and mass communications, transferred the academic problem of myth to the category of topical issues. To study this “new” mythological consciousness, it is essential to know the structure of classical myth. This article will examine a theoretical perspective on the problem of myth and the mythical - the concept of myth in relation to language proposed by the French philosopher and literary critic Roland Barthes. Special subject of this article - the relation of the modern myth and language, similarity and distinction of archaic mythological and the modern mythologized mass thinking.

Ontologies scientific theories arise from the deeper principles, which also have an ontological nature. These principles and their justification form ontology ontology or metaontology. Metaontology lies in the foundations of logic and mathematics, and through them the whole of science as a demonstrative knowledge of reality. Metaontological basis of logical and mathematical structures has the perfect character, requiring for their adequate representation of the use of formal methods of reasoning.

Aristotle was the founder not only logics but also of ontology which he describes in Metaphysics and Categories as a theory of general properties of all entities and categorical aspects they should be analyzed. Meanwhile it is commonly accepted that we inherited from him not one but two different logics: early dialectical logoi of Topics and later formal syllogistic of Prior Analytics. The last considers logics the same way as the modern symbolic logic do. According to J. Bocheński the symbolic logic is “a theory of general objects” (by apt turn in phrase, a "physics of the object in general”) hence logics, as it is interpreted now, has the same subject as ontology. But does Aristotle himself counts that ontology (as it is accepted to speak now) is just a kind of “prolegomenon” to logic? In the paper some aspects of this issue are studied at length.

The world is always present everywhere, but it always inevitably eludes any our attempt to catch and pin it down. Classical philosophy used to seek “true being” as the most reliable and solid in its constant stability, but this search has proven futile; postclassical thought discovers the irremovability of the elusive world in plasmagma, which yields to a conscious purposeful effort to some extent, but then suddenly snaps back and can be recognized by certain indirect manifestations.

This article focuses on the explanatory limits of the computational approach to the phenomenal consciousness. The principal aim is to analyze the methodological bounds of computational models regarding the content of the subjective phenomenal experience. Special attention is given to the correlation between the information theory and the semantic problems of natural language. We proceed from the assumption that the experience of usage of the linguistic sign, together with semiotic and narrative particularities of memory, is the real reason for the causal incompatibility in the mind-body problem. Cognitive processes are initiated to research the consistency between the results of “pure” experience and conceptual schemes. In this case, the computational models represent only one component of the organization of mental states and their descriptions. The reasonings mentioned in this article are based on the argument that it is solely natural language that is a connecting link between corporal organization of the subjective experience and narrative “additional reality” of the phenomenal states. The realization of the conceptual system, necessary for the formation of the subjective reality, arises from the permanent collation of the qualitative property of sensory experience (fixed in memory) with the content of communicative practices.

The article centers on the specific features of feminist utopia with the analysis of Marge Piercy’s novel “Woman on the Edge of Time” devoted to the development of the subject against the power of gender stereotypes and instrumental control over nature and human feelings. In contrast with classical utopias, the feminist utopia of care emphasizes values of differences and affinity. The visions of utopia are seen as an essential component of social and existential experience of the subject who undertakes a risky task of travelling beyond the ready-made identities and socially recognized definitions (first of all, binary opposites “normal”/“pathological”).

The article is devoted to discussion of important humanitarian problems caused by information and communication technologies, is historically the first of the four directions NBIC. We are talking about their significant impact on the mental characteristics of a person, his personality and development opportunities: the impact on such important functions as reading, counting, writing, speaking, spatial orientation. The article emphasizes that this experience must be understood and taken into account in the further course of the search of the conceptual, organizational and activity approach to the solution of humanitarian problems converged technologies.