No 3 (2014)

This article is an attempt to reconstruct a model of the ideal state of Ibn Rushd on the material of his work “Al-Talhis siyasah” by analyzing this medieval text, through the consideration of options for the political structure of the state, described the Arab philosopher, as well as through the analysis of some of the terminology concepts as arkhe (Greek) - [ri'-asa] (Arabic), Logos - ['aql], Psyche - [nafs], Arete - [fadilah], Sophia - [hikma].

The article reveals the importance of Gu Yanwu’s philosophical views, influenced the ideology of statism and patriotism. Gu Yanwu is a famous Chinese patriot and mastermind of the early Qing Confucianism, formed the image of Manchu empire. Particular attention is paid to the review of his texts, included into the complete set of works, published in 2011 in China.

The paper deals with the religious texts of the early Vishishta-Advaita-Vedanta School, particularly Yamunacarya’s hymns “Stotra-ratna”.

The article presents one of the most developed in Europe of national schools of the Russian thought, namely, the Italian historiography of Russian philosophy. Considers its most important trends, personalities and their activities.

In this research reveals possible variants of the correlation between violence and nonviolence in politics: especially Machiavelli's idea ( only the good political end justifies any means ), Machiavellianism ( the end justifies any means ), humanistic ( the good end can be achieved only by good methods ), and pacifist ( non-resistance to evil by force - L. Tolstoy) concepts. The basic difference between the specified variants of understanding the correlation between morality and politics in humanistic and pacifist version is established. In the article stresses that the pacifist non-resistant variant is immoral. Asserts that global problems, both international and domestic ones, can be solved only based on the humanistic nonviolence policy: nonresistance to evil by violence , which does not exclude resistance to evil by force and sometimes even requires it. Its principles revealed in the “axial time” suggested by the world religions and philosophy and developed by I. Kant, F. Dostoevsky, M. Gandhi, M.L. King, etc.

The article analyzes the central concept of Parmenides’ ontology - the one of being. One of the possible interpretations for it is to understand it as a law of identity. But there are a few ways of representing the law. In the article they are examined and compared. The interpretation of the law is proposed which goes with such properties of being as conceivability and uniqueness.