Vol 18, No 4 (2017)

Contemporary and future-oriented mechanical engineering requires the use of a new set of methods for processing, manufacturing, changing the state of materials implemented in the production process. In particular, the level of modern and prospective blank part production industries is largely related to the development of injection molding of structured multiphase materials - powder and granule technologies of a new generation. In this article, such widely used by foreign industry modern injection molding technologies of structured multiphase materials as the powder injection molding (PIM) technology and the thixoforming technology, are considered. A description of specific rheological effects that determined the fundamental possibility of the appearance and practical application of these technologies is given, and some of the most relevant physico-mathematical models of rheological behavior of structured multiphase materials are considered. In addition, the article demonstrates the efficiency of implementation and high potential for development of powder injection molding technology (PIM) for mass production of small-sized shaped parts in Russian Federation. The need for the development of educational programs and standards, including special disciplines and courses aimed at training technical professionals not only in the field of present commonly used technologies, but also such promising technologies as powder injection molding (PIM) and thixoforming, was noted as w

The paper presents the results of the analysis on using vegetable oils as fuel for diesel engines. Possibility of using palm oil as alternative fuel is considered. Physicochemical properties of plant oil and the requirements for diesel fuel are given. Changes in physicochemical parameters of composite fuel are investigated. Palm oil is proposed to be used as a biological additive to diesel fuel and organic peroxide - as a reagent. The results of mixing process analysis, taking into account the differences between physical properties of palm oil and diesel fuel characteristics, are presented. The analysis was based on mathematical investigation. The effect of physical properties (density, dynamic viscosity, surface tension) of palm oil on the characteristics of mixing process has been examined. Changes in palm oil density, higher values of surface tension and dynamic viscosity have been observed. It was established that with increased density, surface tension and viscosity of palm oil, the average diameter of the drops increases, which should increase not only the ignition delay period, but also temperature sensitivity to the ignition process. With that the fuel jet dispersion angle and side surface decrease. A conclusion was made that in order to maintain the effectiveness of the diesel engine working cycle when switching to palm oil fuel, there is an obvious need for radical measures to substantially change its structure and fuel feed system. Palm oil is proposed to be used as an additive to diesel fuel and organic peroxide - as a reagent.

Aluminum is one of the most common metals in the earth’s crust. The mass concentration of aluminum in the earth’s crust according to various researchers is from 7,45 to 8,14%. Today, aluminum ranks is second in the world in terms of consumption among all metals, second only to steel, and the demand for it is constantly increasing. The main raw materials for processing aluminum plants are bauxites and nephelines. According to preliminary data of the International Institute of Aluminum, the world production of primary aluminum increased by 0,5% in 2016 and reached 58,167 million tons. The growth of the world’s population, the economic recovery, and the active urbanization of developing countries provide a stable demand for aluminum. Aluminum is widely used in construction, automotive, packaging and other areas. The growth in aluminum consumption is closely related to the growth in aluminum production. China is the leader of this metal producer. The company by the aluminum producer is Hongqiao. The pricing of metals on the world market is the London Metal Exchange LME, and aluminum prices will rise. The localization of the bauxite deposit on land is unevenly distributed; huge resources are concentrated in the tropical and subtropical areas. Among lateritic deposits, objects of the bowal type are of greatest industrial importance, and are widely distributed in Guinea, India. Brazil. In perspective, the Republic of Guinea can become a leader in the production of the world market. Bauxite in the territory of Guinea was first discovered by the A.Lacroix islands of the Loos archipelago at the beginning of the 20th century. Guinea has a very high quality inventory of bauxite more than half of the world’s resources. Given the pace of exploitation of bauxite in other countries, and in the coming decades, Guinea will become the main center for the production of alumina and even aluminum.

The paper deals with regularities of formation and location of zeolite-containing deposits of the Gazakh trough of the Lesser Caucasus. The Aydag deposit is located in the Tauz district of Azerbaijan, 7 km away from the Tauz city. The Aydag deposit productive stratum of natural zeolitized ash tuffs in combination with the same characteristics of the enclosing rocks can be classified as a complex deposit with a relatively non-uniform composition and structure of the productive stratum. The mineral and chemical compositions of zeolite-bearing rocks of the Aydag deposit have been thoroughly studied. Special feature of this deposit is the high content of clinoptilolite. According to X-ray diffractometry and mineralogical analysis of average samples, its content is around 70-80%. The porosity of this rock is around 15-20%, or even more, and does not depend on the stratigraphic level. It was found that the high-silica zeolitites of the Upper Cretaceous strata of the Lok-Karabagh zone belong to the hydrothermal-epigenetic type, which formed after the uplift of the enclosing strata, and generally the resource material for the formation of zeolites used to be volcanic glass of acidic, medium, rarely basic composition, contained in tuffs.

In this work is studied the effect of the geometry of the rods plates on their stress-strain state. The rods plates with the cubic and pyramidal shape of the cell are considered in order to obtain the dependences of internal forces, deformations and frequencies of natural oscillations on the height of the plate and the aspect ratio of the plate. Spatial design schemes with a variation of the cell shape, the height of the plate, and the aspect ratio have been constructed. A static design is made of the unit load applied to the upper grid and the modal analysis. The values of the forces in the elements, the displacement of the nodes, the frequency and the shape of the natural oscillations are obtained. The graphs describing the dynamics of the stress-strain state change depending on the influencing factors are constructed.

The article deals with the features of locating multi-functional residential complexes of various types in the urban conditions of the UAE. With the existing social differentiation in modern society, there is a need for design development and implementation of multi-functional residential complexes. All modern multi-functional residential complexes with services in the UAE are designed exclusively for people with high income. At the same time, practically, there are no multi-functional residential complexes with services for people with a small or medium income level. Constantly changing socio-economic factors of human life push to search for new promising ways to improve multi-functional housing and associated services.The author describes the optimal characteristics of different types of multi-functional residential complexes for different social groups of the population and the location of the multi-functional residential complexes depending on the distribution of these social groups in the cities of the UAE. Multi-functional residential complexes for people with high and medium incomes are considered. Through analyzing a limited sample of residential structures from various Emirates of the UAE, a regularity has been observed, indicating an optimal residential area per person in the UAE. In addition, optimal functional components for each type of such residential complexes are proposed. The criteria for locating them on different territories of cities are considered.