Vol 25, No 1 (2017)

Some theoretical and practical aspects of integration relations in regional groupings has not been studied and require further analysis. Economists and other practitioners stress that there has not been developed yet a unified theory of integration covering various aspects of this process. Analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature shows that currently there is no clear definition of the «differentiated economic integration» concept, which is a system of alternative theories of international economic integration.In this study the emphasis is placed: firstly special attention is paid to economic integration, not political. Initially, differentiated integration was positioned as multi-level governance in the field of decision-making that allows us to speak about the political nature of the concept. In this article, we attempt the study of differentiated integration through the prism of economic categories. Secondly, in accordance with the subject of study, special interest triggers not the classical theory and approaches of economic integration, but the system of alternative theories of economic integration.

The article investigates the influence of one of the informal institutions braking innovation process in Russia - the so-called “administrative economy”. It is shown its role as a strong incentive to concentrate the activity of subjects of the innovation process on their own goals by reducing the efficiency of the overall process. The braking mechanism based on the transformation of investments in innovation sphere into pseudo investments, which can be used for generation unnecessary for real industry pseudo-innovations is examined. It is shown how the interaction pseudo-investments and pseudo-innovations leads to filling technoparks mainly non innovative enterprises of «past days». It is proved the identity of the objectives of the managing company and residents - to promote models of priority non-innovative residents to innovative residents because of the evaluation of the technopark’s activity on the basis of the value of revenue of resident companies. It is shown the necessity of introducing of restrictions on the granting of resident status, because it makes the companies more competitive in comparison with non-residents due to preferences of the technopark. As restrictions is proposed to introduce a requirement for residents to have intellectual property.

The revenues of the Federal budget of the Russian Federation to a significant extent, is formed at the expense of customs payments. Hence, in the case of large amounts of “gray import”, the state’s economy can be significantly affected. The performance measures against “gray import” depends on the timely and adequate prediction of its structure and volumes. This forecast assumes the availability of appropriate models. However, the currently known models do not provide the timeliness and adequacy of the forecast.The article suggests a model for the current prediction of volume and structure of “gray import”. The model allowed stochastic representation of the “gray imports”, simulating the processes of its formation. This simulation allows more adequately than the commonly used regression and expert models, considering available information about the “gray import” and thereby improves prediction accuracy its volume and structure. The information basis of the proposed model are data of the risk management system of the Federal customs service of the Russian Federation. The application of the proposed model allows near real-time to predict the structure and volume of “gray imports” and on this basis to develop the necessary measures to counter it.

This article considers the methodological approach for the study of foreign prices of goods by using of dispersion analysis. Currently, one of the problems associated with the avoidance of organizations from the payment of customs duties, is an understatement of the value of goods crossing the customs border of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). For this reason, control by the customs authorities of foreign trade prices for goods is one way of ensuring economic security of the Russian Federation, which is the leader of the EAEU. Because in the process of customs clearance of consignments, customs authorities of the Russian Federation have considerable difficulties with the control of the reliability of the declared value of the goods, there is a need to apply mathematical and statistical methods for the analysis of pricing information. Based on the above, we propose to use multivariate dispersion analysis for research purposes of foreign trade prices for goods.

Gypsies are not an isolated group, they have a multifaceted identity and national individuality. In order to identify the nature and determinants of Roma migrations, they should be given attention as an ethnically specific community. Roma migration in the past and in the present are dictated by the collective strategies in response to current political and economic changes. Deceptive inconsistency of Gypsy migrations is explained by the heterogeneity of the Roma communities themselves and is manifested in various ways in different countries. Currently, the main participants of the migration are not a community of nomads, but the representatives of the settled Roma communities. The reason for this situation is the significant increase of integration of Roma in the countries of Eastern Europe. This leads to the inclusion of Roma in global migration processes.

This paper analyses the participation of Paraguayan migrant men in the forestry labor market of the Paraná River Delta. Although forestry is not the principal activity in which these migrants work in Argentina, this case is relevant to show the way in which discrimination mechanisms based on ethno-national stereotypes make cheap foreign labor available. At first, based on the last Argentine Population Census, we show that Paraguayans are the most important migrant group in Argentina. Second, we describe the socio-demographic features of the Paraguayan population in the Paraná River Delta, and compare them with the trends in other places of destination in Argentina. Finally, based on our ethnographic research developed in the Delta, we analyze the labor hierarchies of forestry production; local discrimination discourses against Paraguayans; migratory networks that make these laborers available; and their working and living conditions. We argue that the expansion and profitability of forestry production in the Paraná River Delta is enabled by this segmented labor market that assigns migrant young men to the lowest positions of the labor hierarchy.