No 1 (2016)

One of the most common pathologies among lesions dentition is dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). According to literature, 70 to 100% of the population suffer from TMJ pathology. The increasing number of patients with TMJ pathology can be explained by improved diagnosis and increased paraclinical methods, especially by the technical capabilities of medical research. Under our supervision there were 86 patients with various disorders of TMJ dysfunction. Anamnesis data revealed that the patients earlier underwent dental treatment for caries and its complications. Comparison group consisted of 15 people with full dental health and orthognatic bite. One of the assigned tasks was to study the influence of the seal teeth on TMJ. In terms of limitations to seal the teeth of patients in the main group, 26 patients were observed up to 1 year, 32 patients - up to 2 and 28 patients - up to 3 years. Characteristics of sealed teeth of upper and lower jaws were as follows: front - 19 (incisors and cuspids), premolars and molars - 77. Revealed that 85% patients of main group in the first days of the sealing had pain when biting and food intake, and at the 20-30 days - crepitation, clicking and noise in the area of TMJ. Assessment of occlusal relations of the teeth and dentition were determined using wax occlusal and copy paper, with subsequent removal of the casts of both jaws. The models placed into the articulator and received data were recorded in designed “Personal data sheet” of TMJ. Establishing the causes, acute or chronic changes of occlusal relationships (supercontext) should be considered as a fundamental trigger in the pathogenesis of TMJ dysfunction as well as forced position the lower jaw with formation of pathological conditions. In this aspect main role should be given to mistakes and complications during recovery and teeth filling that can cause the dysfunction of TMJ, periodontosis etc. When planning therapeutic interventions in case of TMJ dysfunction clinical and radiographic evaluation, orthopantomography, computed tomography, functional methods of investigation (electronography), and the elimination of the causes leading to its development (occlusal relation of the jaws) are necessary that will greatly enhance the capabilities of diagnosis and treatment.

The article describes prognostic value of clinical and electrophysiological criteria for radiofrequency catheter ablation efficacy in patients with atrial fibrillation. The most important criteria are nonparoxysmal and long persisting forms of atrial fibrillation as well as the age, left ventricular ejection fraction, atrial diameter and volume, underlying cardiac diseases.

The review deals with computer-tomographic diagnosis of diseases of bronchopulmonary system and pleura, many of the issues highlighted in the literature not clearly or not covered at all. The introduction into clinical practice of modern methods of diagnosis increases the possibility of detecting disease at an early stage when there is possible to use radical methods of treatment. Despite the high level of modern technologies in the field of visualization of respiratory system, problem early and accurate diagnosis of disease remains highly relevant. Improved results of treatment dependent on the timely and accurate diagnosis. Modern methods of CT is one of the most accurate in radiodiagnostic, allows quickly to obtain significant information about the organs state and tissues of the chest. The work demonstrates the potential of CT in clinical decision making when observing patients with diseases of bronchopulmonary system and pleura.

The article is about hyperhomocysteinemia which retards recanalization processes after deep vein thrombosis and leads to the lower extremities post-thrombotic syndrome. Levels of blood homocysteine were determined at admission, after 1 and 3 months after the acute thrombosis of the deep veins of the lower extremities. Increased levels of homocysteine were revealed. Maximum concentration of homocysteine was 31.6 mmol/l, which corresponds to moderate hyperhomocysteinemia. In patients receiving anticoagulants for 3 months the level of homocysteine slightly decreased. Prescription of vitamins B6, B9, B12 allows significantly decrease the homocysteine levels, improve health outcomes, reduce the number of patients with class C3-4.

The article presents diagnostic algorithm of snore and sleep apnea in ENT practice. Investigation of 81 patients with signs of nasal and pharyngeal obstruction revealed that 29 of them had obstructive sleep apnoea, 52 - primary snore without apnoea. A survey on diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) with visual-analogous scale was used. The study showed low concern of patients about the problem of snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea.

Splanchnic blood circulation in patients with emergency surgical diseases and abdominal injuries is an integral indicator of functional disorders and a prognostic index of multiple organ failure development. The purpose of the research was to study abdominal membrane splanchnic hemomicrocirculation in the abdominal surgery conditions. As a result, specifics of abdominal hemomicrocirculation disruptions during a surgical intervention was revealed. It was established that the “open abdomen” method is not recommended for treatment of intra-abdominal hypertension and shall be replaced with other methods of decompressive closure of the abdominal cavity.

The authors of the article analyzed the status, problems and ways of improving the training system for the medical industry. Based on his own experience, analysis of the existing system of training in the field of biomedical engineering, evaluation of health system needs for specialists in the repair and maintenance of medical equipment identified the main problems in the training of specialists in this profile and recommendations for their improvement, taking into account the needs of industry.

The aim of the study was to analyze the range of medications registered in the Russian Federation for reatment of psoriasis. We have studied the State Register of drugs of Russian Federation and the treatment standards of patients with psoriasis, published on the website of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

The article describes the use of antimicrobial preservatives in medicines for children Authors analyzed domestic and foreign regulatory documents, which establish requirements for the quality of mdications and identified the main dosage forms with preservatives. Current data about the range of antimicrobial preservatives, containing in the various dosage forms is presented.

The dynamics of perinatal and neonatal mortality in the Moscow region in comparison with indicators of the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation as a whole is analyzed in the article. The ratio of stillbirth and early neonatal mortality is given in the article. Characteristic of the causes of death in newborns considering birthweight are given.

The article presents the results of a survey of 452 adult patients who received outpatient treatment in medical institutions of Moscow. Considered the aspects of evaluation of their own health based on the presence of chronic disease. The characteristics of medical activity, including the frequency and timing of seeking medical help for the diseases are discussed. Analyzed sanogenic (healthful) activity and the prevalence of harmful habits among the studied contingent.

Presented clinical case in the article confirms the high diagnostic value of computed tomography in the detection of emphysematous pyelonephritis on the example of a patient with diabetes mellitus.