No 2 (2011)

In the article the author analyzes the reformatory democratic thought of Russia as an independent and original phenomenon of spiritual and public life of the country, as the complete, interconnected and developing system integrally combining ideas of democratism, liberalism and reformism. The special attention is paid to factors which have defined process of its crystallization.

In article features of Bolshevist propaganda for withdrawal of church values are analyzed during campaign of 1922 and practice of its carrying out in Moscow. On a basis for the first time sources entered into a scientific turn the wide spectrum of the opinions, passing an opinion is shown campaign at meetings of working and church communities.

The article emphasizes the «critical points» of the policy and ideology behind the emergency measures applied as a special means of administering the country. On the basis of «special files» of the minutes of the Politburo, it studies the limits and the causes of the transformation of the emergency measures into «chrezvychaishchina». This change in the measures applied weakened the social bases of Stalin's regime and undermined the foundations of the productive forces of the country. The author shows how the policy of taking drastic action, which was first applied to production (grain supply, etc.), was progressively extended to the problems of security and political control, and how those in power tried to find ways of preventing a shift towards «chrezvychaishchina».

The article is about the emigration wave from the territory of Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in the inter-war period. Polish government organized emigration process of Belarusians and Ukrainians in the different countries of the world. The article gives the characteristic of a role of different foreign shipborne companies in Poland.

The article analyses the role of political exiles in the development of Local studies in Northern Russia in the 19th - early 20th centuries. The author notes that the process of local intelligentsia formation took place in this period. Local intelligentsia became actively involved in Local studies, and, therefore, the contribution of political exiles into the Local studies gradually decreased. Political exiles played the most important role in Local studies in Northern Russia only in the years 1825-1861. In 1861-1904 their contribution decreased, and in 1905-1917 political exiles activity constituted a small part of the whole Local studies.