The «Situational Nationalism»: A New Age of Nation and State Building in Montenegro?

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Abstract

For a long time, the political development of Montenegro has been determined by the peculiarities of historical development and the legacy of the former Yugoslavia. The divisions between groups of citizens identifying themselves as Serbs or Montenegrins, as well as contradictions between the state and the church, have determined the configuration of political forces. The fear of national minorities of Serbian national policy and the skillful maneuvering of M. Djukanovic contributed to their support for his regime. However, the problems of economic development, Djukanovic’s miscalculations regarding the Orthodox Church, as well as the lack of serious progress on the way to the EU, led to an increase in opposition sentiment and the defeat of Djukanovic in 2023 presidential elections, and the DPS in the parliamentary ones. Representatives of the younger generation of politicians came to power in Montenegro, relying to a lesser extent on traditional ethno-confessional divisions for Montenegro and aimed at solving economic problems and accelerating the process of the country’s accession to the EU. The article concludes that the end of a long period of dominance of one political force does not mean the end of the process of democratization. The unresolved issues of national and state building, the influence of external centers, the lack of effective institutions for the achievement of compromise and the protection of the interests of minorities make political life unstable and complicate the adoption of effective political decisions. Despite the victory of a new generation of politicians in the last national elections, the country’s traditional divisions still determine the choice of many voters and may again become relevant under the influence of market circumstances.

About the authors

Elena Yu. Meleshkina

Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the RAS

Email: elenameleshkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1339-7150

Doctor of Political Science, Chief Researcher

Moscow, Russian Federation

Ilya A. Pomiguev

Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the RAS; HSE University; Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: pomilya@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3068-5664

PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor at the School of Politics and Governance, Faculty of Social Sciences, HSE University; Research Fellow at the Institute of I nformation for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communication, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation

Moscow, Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2023 Meleshkina E.Y., Pomiguev I.A.

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