No 4 (2009)

In article from the point of view of efficiency, correctnesses and instrument are compared the causal and functional approach of the analysis of social space. Moreover the special attention is given to use of these methods at research of the historical subject.

The article considers the history of development of the church view on its social tasks. In the XV century on the basis of 2 traditions the following conceptions were formed: «Osiflyane» - the school, founded by Reverend Iosif Volots, strains after the implementation of «social doing»; «Zavolozhtsy» - the school, related to the name of Reverend Nil Sorsky, strains after the «prayerful care of the state». The content of this «opposition» and its influence on the further development of faithful culture and society is exposed in the article.

The rights of women and children are an integral part of a lawful state and a civil society. They are a sensitive barometer which defined the level of freedom in a society. The German classical philosophy has made a new definition of it. Therefore it is especially interesting to consider these two important themes - freedom and the rights of women - in Fichte's philosophy and to compare with Kant's ideas.

The article deals with various historical aspects related to Vladimir Solovyov's perception of Plato's cosmology. In his views on the subject Solovyev was influenced not only by the prevailing in nineteenth century concepts of Plato's doctrine (as such of E. Zeller or F.Ch. Baur), but also he was inspired directly from philosophical and religious teachings of early Christian epoch. He suggested, that main role in Plato's cosmology plays doctrine of «The soul of the World», for the first time expressed in dialogue «Timaeus». The chain of its interpretations has formed permanent intellectual tradition, which covers full historical line from Plato to the systems of German idealism.