No 3 (2008)

The article is devoted to the examination of the basic notions for the understanding of the essence of the history such as «historicity» and «sense of history» in Martin Heidegger's fundamental ontology (ontological phenomenology). These notions are researched on base of existential ontological interpretation of the text of «Being and time». It is shown that the in according with Heidegger's philosophy the notion «historicity» directly connects with the comprehension of «sense of history». In same time comprehension of «sense of history» and «historicity» at all may be explain through the existential understanding of own temporality.

The paper analyses different aspects of influence of Heidegger's philosophic works on the theology and religious philosophy of XX century. Due to involvement of categorical apparatus of fundamental ontology, works of Greek philosopher Christos Yanaras and Metropolitan John (Zizioulas) have made it possible to study the anthropological and social sides of the theological heritage of Eastern Church deeper. Author points out the conceptual resources of this heritage and suggests the idea of possible mutual enrichment of current philosophiec and theological discourse.

This article is devoted to historical-philosophical aspects of studying a spiritually multifaceted phenomenon of Manicheanism, especially in its Chinese interpretation. Having emerged in the Middle East as a syncretic philosophical-religious teaching, Manicheaenism penetrated into the territory of China by the VII century A.D. and, having absorbed and processed main autochthon directions of religious-philosophical thought (Buddhism, Daoism), managed to adjust successfully in the foreign culture and exist up to the XVI century.

This text describes the concept of engagement by the French philosopher E. Mounier. It examines the role of engagement in 20th century philosophy. The concept of engagement was brougtn in the personalisme by a german philosopher Landsberg. Mounier found it the key to undestarding the problem of personal engagement in history. For Mounier, personality exists to cross the engagement. The engagement according to Mounier is an intimasse act and that is why it is sacred. This character of engagement gave birth to the personality that is capable to take responsibility for humanity. By the French philosopher, the necessity of engagement was the principal vocation of her generation.