Universality versus variation in the conceptualization of anger: A question of methodology

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Cognitive linguistic investigations into the metaphorical conceptualization of anger suggest that languages are remarkably similar on a schematic level, with intensity and control as two, possibly universal dimensions underlying the metaphorical conceptualization of anger. These dimensions, however, can manifest themselves in language-specific metaphors. Yet arriving at a definitive answer to the question of universality versus variation is hindered by (a) a relatively limited number of systematic, contrastive analyses; and (b) varied methodologies, with some papers adopting a type-based account, while others following a token-based analysis. We take up both challenges in the present paper with the aim of offering a more definitive answer to the question of the universality and variation of anger metaphors. We investigate the anger metaphors of a type-based analysis, focusing on dictionary data of anger-related idioms, and a token-based analysis, focusing on data collected from online corpora, in three languages: (American) English (2,000 random instances of the lemma anger from the Corpus of Contemporary American English), Hungarian (1,000 instances of the lemma düh from the Hungarian National Corpus) and Russian (1,000 instances of the lemma gnev from the Russian National Corpus). The lexical data were analyzed with the well-established Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP). Our results indicate that there is a great deal of congruence relative to shared metaphors in both approaches, but this derives from specific-level metaphors in the lexical approach, whereas it derives from more schematic, generic-level metaphors in the corpus-based approach. The study shows that the full picture of the metaphorical conceptualization of a complex emotion concept such as anger can only emerge with the combination of the type- and token-based approach.

作者简介

Zoltán Kövecses

Eötvös Loránd University

Email: kovecses.zoltan@btk.elte.hu
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9642-4662

Professor Emeritus in the School of English and American Studies at Eötvös Loránd University. His research interests include conceptual metaphor theory, the language-culture-context interface, and the language of emotions.

Budapest, Hungary

Réka Benczes

Corvinus University of Budapest

Email: reka.benczes@uni-corvinus.hu
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3481-8279

tenured Professor of Linguistics at the Department of Communication and Media Science, Corvinus University of Budapest. Her research interests include cognitive semantics, lexical creativity and applied metaphor research.

Budapest, Hungary

Anna Rommel

Eötvös Loránd University

Email: rommel@student.elte.hu
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0543-8530

doctoral student and Teaching Assistant at the Department of American Studies at Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, Hungary. Her research interests include cognitive linguistics, metaphor studies and medical linguistics.

Budapest, Hungary

Veronika Szelid

Eötvös Loránd University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: javor-szelid.veronika.petra@btk.elte.hu
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1899-8345

Senior Lecturer at the Department of American Studies of Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest. Her research interests lie in metaphor studies and Cognitive Sociolinguistics; they include the cross-linguistic and language-internal variation of the concepts of love and morality, the linguistic and multimodal metaphors of folk poetry and folk art, and the role of metaphors in persuasion and theory-building.

Budapest, Hungary

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