Metaphor power in the context of the author’s opinion expression and perception

封面

如何引用文章

详细

The article explores the relationship between the functional potential of metaphor and the expression and perception of the author’s opinion. Metaphor is considered as a means of implicit speech impact exerted both from the positions of its generation and perception. This paper aims to identify the correlation between the author’s opinion and various aspects of metaphor power, namely density (the number of metaphors per text), intensity (the ratio of new and conventional metaphors) and the metaphor projections typology (the ratio among orientational, ontological, and structural metaphors). The data for the study were obtained from a two-stage linguistic experiment. First, 20 experts in Russian Philology and Journalism composed three-part texts about Russia (its history, culture, and people), and were asked to summarise their personal opinion in the most relevant part. Then 180 respondents who were students of Moscow State Linguistics University identified the author’s position in the composed essays. The latter were analysed using metaphor-driven discourse analysis (MDDA), which included the identification of metaphor density, their intensity, and functional typology indices. Next, the MDDA numerical values of indices were juxtaposed with the data reflecting the author’s opinion expression and its perception by the respondents. The findings showed that metaphor intensity and density are related to the verbal message persuasion, since in 80% of the cases personal opinion was set forth in those text parts that contained the greatest number of the author’s metaphors. The proven relationship between metaphor power and the author’s opinion expression makes it possible to identify metaphorical speech impact, which reflects forms and degrees of speech impact in different types of texts. Thus, the results expand the theoretical and practical framework for the study of metaphorical speech persuasion.

作者简介

Oleg Kalinin

Military University; Moscow State Linguistic University

Email: okalinin.lingua@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1807-8370

Professor of the Chinese Language Department at Moscow State Linguistic University and the 36th Department at the Military University. He teaches the Chinese language and translation theory, intercultural communication and stylistics. His research interests embrace cognitive linguistics, especially Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the Theory of categorization, discourse analysis, cultural linguistics, intercultural communication and Media linguistics.

Moscow, Russia

Alexander Ignatenko

RUDN University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: ignatenko-av@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9261-4306

holds a Ph. D. in Philology and is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Foreign Languages at the Philological Faculty of RUDN. The main areas of his research interests are intercultural communication, translation studies, cultural linguistics, history of Chinese and Russian literature and comparative studies.

Moscow, Russia

参考

  1. Arutyunova, Nina D. 1999. Language and the Human World. Moscow: Yazyki slavianskoi kul’tury. (In Russ.).
  2. Blakar, Roman M. 1987. Language as an Instrument of Social Power. Language and Modeling of Social Interaction. Moscow: Progress. (In Russ.).
  3. Boeynaemms, Amber, Christian Burgers, Elly A. Konijn & Gerard J. Steen. 2017a. The effect of metaphorical framing on political persuasioan: A systematic literature review. Metaphor and Symbol 32 (2). 118-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2017.1297623
  4. Boeynaemms, Amber, Christian Burgers, Elly A. Konijn & Gerard J. Steen. 2017b. The impact of conventional and novel metaphors in news of issue viewpoint. International Journal of Communication 11. 2861-2879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2017.1297623
  5. Boldyrev, Nikolaj N. 2011. The interpretive function of the language. Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 33. 11-16. (In Russ.).
  6. Bowdle, Brain F. & Dedre Gentner. 2005. The Career of Metaphor. Psychol. Rev 112 (1). 193-216.
  7. Brugman, Britta C., Cristian Burgers & Barbara Vis. 2019. Metaphorical framing in political discourse through words vs concepts: A meta-analysis. Language and Cognition 11 (1). 41-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2019.5
  8. Budaev, Eduard V. & Anatoly P. Chudinov. 2006. Metaphor in Political Interdiscourse. Yekaterinburg: Ural state pedagogical university Publ. (In Russ.).
  9. Cheremisova, Elena A. 2019. The specifics of the use of comparative means (figurative comparisons and metaphors) in the novel by Nancy Mitford Pigeon Pie. Izvestiya Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Pedagogicheskogo Universiteta 8 (141). 188-192 (In Russ.).
  10. Gak, Vladimir G., Veronika N. Teliya & Vol’f Elena M. 1988. Metaphor in Language and Text. Moscow: Nauka. (In Russ.).
  11. Gibbs, Raymond W., Markus Tendahl & Lacey Okonski. 2011. Inferring pragmatic messages from metaphor. Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 7 (1). 3-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10016-011-0002-9
  12. Guan, Shaoyang & Yuhua Sun. 2023. Multimodal metaphor and metonymy in political cartoons as a means of country image construction. Russian Journal of Linguistics 27 (2). 444-467. (In Russ.) http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-31664
  13. Ignatenko, Alexander V. 2022. Features of the Language Game in Liu Zhenyun’s Prose on the Example of the Novel “I am not Pan Jinlian”. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 14 (3). 507-523. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.308
  14. Ignatenko, Alexander V. 2023. Features of Parenthetical Constructions in Mo Yan’s Novel “Tired of Being Born and Dying” (2005). Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 22 (4). 115-126. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2023-22-4-115-126
  15. Ignatenko, Alexander V. 2023. Emotive Suggestiveness in Contemporary Chinese Fictional Discourse: A Case Study of Yu Hua’s “To Live” (1992). Oriental Studies 16 (4). 1004-1014. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2023-68-4-1004-1014
  16. Jones, Lara L. & Zachary Estes. 2006. Roosters, Robins, and Alarm Clocks: Aptness and conventionality in metaphor comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language 55 (1). 18-32.
  17. Kalinin, Oleg I. & Alexander V. Ignatenko. 2022. Comparative Analysis of the use of metaphors in Russian, English and Chinese media texts of informational and influencing nature. RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 13 (4). 1062-1082. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2022-13-4-1062-1082
  18. Kalinin, Oleg I. 2021. Quantitative analysis of metaphors as a way to identify cognitive-speech effects. Kognitivnye issledovaniya yazyka 4 (47). 327-334. (In Russ.).
  19. Kalinin, Oleg I. 2022. Metaphorical speech effects. Kognitivnye issledovaniya yazyka 4 (51). 229-234. (In Russ.).
  20. Kalinin, Oleg I. 2022. The Functional Potential of Metaphor in Discourse. Mosk. gor. ped. un-t. (In Russ.).
  21. Lakoff, George & Mark Johnson. 2004. Metaphors We Live By. Moscow: URSS. (In Russ.).
  22. Landtsheer, Christ’l De. 2009. Collecting political meaning from the Count of metaphor. Metaphor and Discourse. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. 59-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230594647_5
  23. Leontovich, Olga A., Oleg I. Kalinin, & Alexander V. Ignatenko. 2023. Metaphor power and language typology: Analysis of correlation on the material of the United Nations Declarations. Training, Language and Culture 7 (2). 21-29. http://dx.doi.org/i 10.22363/2521-442X-2023-7-2-21-29
  24. Musolff, Andreas. 2019. Metaphor Framing in Political Discourse. Mythos-Magazin: Politisches Framing 1. 1-11.
  25. Ottati, Victor C. & Randall A. Renstrom. 2010. Metaphor and persuasive communication: A multifunctional approach. Social and Personality Psychology Compass 4 (9). 783-794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00292.x
  26. Searle, John R. 1979. Expression and Meaning. Studies in the Theory of Speech Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  27. Solopova, Olga A. & Maria S. Saltykova. 2019. Constructing the ideal future in foreign military media discourses of the World War II period. Russian Journal of Linguistics 23 (3). 762-783. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9182-2019-23-3-762-783
  28. Solopova, Olga A. & Svetlana L. Kushneruk. 2021. War yesterday and today: The image of Russia in British media discourse. Russian Journal of Linguistics 25 (3). 723-745. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-3-723-745
  29. Solopova, Olga A., Nilsen Don & Alleen Nilsen. 2023. The image of Russia through animal metaphors: A diachronic case study of American media discourse. Russian Journal of Linguistics 27 (3). 521-542. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-35048
  30. Sopory, Pradeep. 2006. Metaphor and attitude accessibility. Southern Communication Journal 71 (3). 251-272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10417940600846037
  31. Stee van, Stephania K. 2018. Meta-Analysis of the Persuasive Effects of Metaphorical vs. Literal Messages. Communication Studies 69 (5). 545-566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/ 10510974.2018.1457553
  32. Sun, Yuhua, Oleg I. Kalinin & Alexander V. Ignatenko. 2021. The use of metaphor power indices for the analysis of speech impact in political public speeches. Russian Journal of Linguistics 25 (1). 250-277. (In Russ.). http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-1-250-277
  33. Teliya, Veronica N. 1988. Metaphorization and its Role in Creating a Linguistic Picture of the World. The Role of the Human Factor in Language: Language and the Picture of the World. Moskva: Nauka. 173-204. (In Russ.)
  34. Thibodeau, Paul H. & Lera Boroditsky. 2011. Metaphors we think with: The role of metaphor in reasoning. PLoS ONE 6 (2). http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016782
  35. Thibodeau, Paul H. & Lera Boroditsky. 2013. Natural language metaphors covertly influence reasoning. PLoS ONE 8 (1). http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052961
  36. Thibodeau, Paul H. & Frank H. Durgin. 2011. Metaphor aptness and conventionality: Aproccessing fluency account. Metaphor and symbol 26 (3). 206-226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2011.583196
  37. Turner, Mark & Gilles Fauconnier. 2003. Metaphor, metonymy, and binding. Chapter in book: Metaphor and Metonymy at the Crossroads: A Cognitive Perspective. In Antonio Barcelona (ed.). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. 469-487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110219197.4.469
  38. Kövecses, Zoltán. 2009. Metaphor, culture, and discourse: The pressure of coherence. Chapter in book: Metaphor and Discourse. In Andreas Musolff & Jörg Zinken (eds.). London: Palgrave Macmillan. 11-24.
  39. Winter, Bodo & Teenie Matlock. 2017. Primary metaphors are both cultural and embodied. Chapter in book: Metaphor: Embodied Cognition and Discourse. In Beate Hampe (ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 99-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108182324.007
  40. RNC - Russian National Corpus. (In Russ.). http://www.ruscorpora.ru/ (accessed 18 August 2023)

版权所有 © Kalinin O., Ignatenko A., 2024

Creative Commons License
此作品已接受知识共享署名-非商业性使用 4.0国际许可协议的许可。

##common.cookie##