Normalizing a new language hierarchy: Event names in post-Soviet urban space
- 作者: Smagulova J.1, Madiyeva D.2
-
隶属关系:
- KIMEP University
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
- 期: 卷 25, 编号 4 (2021): The Russian Language Maintenance and Language Contacts of Post-Soviet Immigrants in Europe and Beyond
- 页面: 1004-1023
- 栏目: Articles
- URL: https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/29734
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-4-1004-1023
如何引用文章
全文:
详细
Naming practices not only reveal ideological contestation in a particular community, but also contribute to the discursive construction of a new social reality. However, the transformative role of naming practices as a semiotic resource for reimagining language hierarchy has been overlooked. This socio-onomastics study aims to explore shifting ideological premises and semiotic mechanisms of normalizing a new language hierarchy in post-Soviet urban space. In doing so, the study diachronically examines naming practices of choosing and using event names, which are more fluid and often short-lived in comparison to other names such as toponyms, anthroponyms or brand names. The study analyses 1246 unique event names mentioned in a local Russian-language newspaper “Вечерний Алматы” (“Vechernii Almaty”) over the period of time from 1989 to 2019. The results show a decrease in the use of Russian for name production. Further examination reveals a steady increase in non-integrated event names in Kazakh and English in Russian-language newspaper texts; there are few examples of translation and transliteration, no examples of transcription or loanwords in more recent texts. Our comparison shows that in the context of the multilingual Almaty transgressing the purist norms of standard Russian has become a new norm. We argue that these new local strategies of naming and using names are a semiotic mechanism of domination; they work to normalize a new language hierarchy where the Russian language is no longer the only dominant code of the public and official domain. Our account adds to the discussion of the discursive power of naming in challenging dominant language practices.
作者简介
Juldyz Smagulova
KIMEP University
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: juldyz@kimep.kz
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2179-9152
Associate Professor and Dean of College of Humanities and Education
2 Abai Avenue, Almaty 050010, KazakhstanDinara Madiyeva
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Email: dinara.madiyeva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8217-5047
PhD student
95 Karasay batyr street, office 205 Almaty А05E3В3, Kazakhstan参考
- Ainiala, Terhi. 2016. Names in Society. In Carole Hough (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Names and Naming, 371-381. Oxford: Oxford University Press
- Akzhigitova, Assel & Sholpan Zharkymbekova. 2014. Language planning in Kazakhstan. The case of ergonyms as another scene of linguistic landscape of Astana. Language Problems and Language Planning 38 (1). 42-57
- Alisharieva, Akbota, Zhanar Ibrayeva & Ekaterina Protassova. 2017. Kazakhstanskii russkii: Vzglyad so storony. Ab Imperio 4. 231-263. (In Russ.)
- Allerton, David. 1987. The linguistic and sociolinguistic status of proper names: What are they, and who do they belong to? The Journal of Pragmatics 11 (1). 61-92
- Backhaus, Peter. 2009. Rules and regulations in linguistic landscaping: A comparative perspective. In Elana Shohamy & Durk Gorter (eds.), Linguistic Landscape: Explaining the Scenery, 157-172. New York: Routledge
- Basovskaya, Evgenia. 2011. The concept of ‘language purism” in the Soviet newspaper propaganda. Synopsis of Doctorate Dissertation. Moscow: Russian State Humanities University. URL: http://cheloveknauka.com/kontsept-chistota-yazyka-v-sovetskoy-gazetnoy-propagande#ixzz6QB0ltob3 (accessed 06 May 2021)
- Ben-Rafael, Eliezer, Elana Shohamy, Muhammad Amara & Nira Trumper-Hecht. 2006. Linguistic landscape as symbolic construction of the public space: The case of Israel. International Journal of Multilingualism 3 (1). 7-30
- Bissenova, Alima. 2017. The fortress and the frontier: Mobility, culture, and class in Almaty and Astana. Europe-Asia Studies 69 (4). 642-667.
- Blommaert, Jan. 2013. Semiotic and spatial scope: Towards a materialist semiotics. In Norbert Pacher (ed.), Multimodality and Social Semiotics, 29-38. Oxford/New York: Routledge.
- Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Charmaz, Kathy. 2006. The power of names. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 35 (4). 396-399.
- Edelman, Loulou. 2009. What’s in a name? Classification of proper names by language. In Elana Shohamy & Durk Gorter (eds.), Linguistic Landscape: Expanding the Scenery, 141-154. London: Routledge
- Ermolovich, Dmitry. I. 2001. Imena Sobstvennye na Styke Yazykov i Kul'tur. Moscow: Valent. URL: http://e-repa.ru/files/translation/ermolovich-names-pt1.pdf (accessed 06 May 2021) (In Russ.)
- Fairclough, Norman. 1995. Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language. London: Longman.
- Cenoz, Jasone & Durk, Gorter. 2006. Linguistic landscape and minor languages. International Journal of Multilingualism 3 (10). 67-80.
- Giraut, Frederic & Myriam Houssay-Holzschuch. 2016. Place naming as dispositif: Toward a theoretical framework. Geopolitics 21 (1). 1-21.
- Gorham, Michel. 2000a. Natsiia ili snikerizatsiia? Identity and perversion in the language debates of late-and post-Soviet Russia. The Russian Review 59 (4). 614-629.
- Gorham, Michel. 2000b. Mastering the perverse: State building and language “Purification” in early Soviet Russia. Slavic Review 59 (1). 133-153. https://doi.org/10.2307/2696907
- Gorter, Durk. 2006. Introduction: The study of the linguistic landscape as a new approach to multilingualism. International Journal of Multilingualism 3 (1). 1-6.
- Hult, Francis. 2018. Language policy and planning and linguistic landscape. In James Tollefson & Miguel Perez-Milans (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Language Planning and Policy, 333-349. New York: Oxford University Press
- Kasuya, Keisuke. 2001. Discourses of linguistic dominance: A historical consideration of French language ideology. International Review of Education 47 (3/4). 235-251
- Kozlova, Daria. 2019 (November 12). “We can lose our country!” Mosgorduma has discussed purity of the native tongue”. Novaya Gazeta. URL: https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/ 2019/11/12/82704-tak-stranu-poteryat-mozhno (accessed 06 May 2021)
- Landry, Rodrigue & Bourhis, Richard. 1997. Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality: An empirical study. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 16 (1). 23-49
- Laitin, David. 1998. Identity in Formation, the Russian-Speaking Populations in the Near Abroad. Ithaca, NY: Cornel University Press
- Lieberson, Stanley. 1984. What's in a name?... Some sociolinguistic possibilities. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 45. 77-87
- Manan, Syed Abdul, Maya David, Francisco Dumanig & Khan Naqeebullah. 2014. Politics, economics and identity: Mapping the linguistic landscape of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. International Journal of Multilingualism 12 (1). 31-50
- McDermott, Ashley. 2019. The Linguistic landscape of post-Soviet Bishkek. Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia 8 (2). 227-255.
- Moore, Irina. 2014. Negotiating public space: Post-Soviet linguistics landscape in Kazakhstan. International Journal of Communication and Linguistics Studies 11 (4). 1-21.
- Moscovici, Serge & Gerard Duveen. 2000. Social representations: Explorations in Social Psychology. New York: Wiley.
- Nyambi, Oliver & Tedai Mangena. 2016. The way we name now: Postcolonial perspectives from South Africa. In Oliver Nyambi, Tendai Mangena & Charles Pfukwa (eds.), The Postcolonial Condition of Names and Naming Practices in Southern Africa, 1-18. New Castle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
- Olcott, Martha. 1995. The Kazakhs. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press/Stanford University
- Pavlenko, Aneta. 2012. Transgression as the norm: Russian in linguistic landscape of Kyiv, Ukraine. In Durk Gorter, Heiko F. Marten & Luk Van Mensel (eds.), Minority Languages in the Linguistic Landscape, 36-56. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan
- Pavlenko, Aneta & Alex Mullen. 2015. Why diachronicity matters in the study of linguistic landscapes. Linguistic Landscape 1 (1/2). 114-132
- Peteet, Julie. 2005. Words as interventions: Naming in the Palestine - Israel conflict. Third World Quarterly 26 (1). 153-172
- Poplavski, Michail. 2014 (June 19). Duma wants to punish for foreign words. BBC Moscow. URL: https://www.bbc.com/russian/russia/2014/06/140619_russian_language_duma_ cleansing_neologism (accessed 06 May 2021)
- Puzey, Guy. 2016. Linguistic landscapes. In Carole Hough (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Names and Naming: People, Places, Perceptions and Power, 395-411. Oxford University Press.
- Rivlina, Alexandra. 2015. Bilingual creativity in Russia: English-Russian language play. World Englishes 34 (3). 436-455.
- Saparov, Arsene. 2017. Contested spaces: The use of place-names and symbolic landscape in the politics of identity and legitimacy in Azerbaijan. Central Asian Survey 36 (4). 534-554.
- Sato, Eriko. 2017. Translation across cultures: Domesticating/foreignizing cultural transplantation. In Agnieszka Pantuchowicz & Anna Warso (eds.), Culture(s) and Authenticity: The Politics of Translation and the Poetics of Imitation, 15-22. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
- Shohamy, Elana, Eliezer Ben-Rafael & Monica Barni (eds.). 2010. Linguistic Landscape in the City. Bristol: Multilingual Matters
- Smagulova, Juldyz. 2008. Language policies of Kazakhization and their influence on language attitudes and use. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 11 (3&4). 440-475
- Smagulova, Juldyz & Kara Fleming. 2020. Legitimizing national, striving cosmopolitan: Branding of post-Soviet city space in Almaty, Kazakhstan. In Irene Theodoropoulou & Johanna Tovar (eds.), Research Companion to Language and Country Branding, 163-182. London: Routledge
- Smagulova, Juldyz & Eleonora Suleimenova (forthcoming). Towards the post-Russian? Narrative adjustment among Kazakhstani teachers of Russian. In Olga Solovova & Sabina Vakser (eds.), Russian as a Transnational Language: Resonance, Remembrance, Renewal. Routledge
- Špackova, Stanislava. 2015. The impact of political changes on the use of Latin script in Russian texts. Opera Slavica XXV (2). 47-58. URL: https://digilib.phil.muni.cz/ bitstream/handle/11222.digilib/133949/2_OperaSlavica_25-2015-2_5.pdf?sequence=1 (accessed 06 May 2021)
- Venuti, Lawrence. 2003. The Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation. New York: Routledge
- Vigouroux, Cecile. 2001. Symbolic power of language. In Rajend Mesthrie (ed.), Concise Encyclopedia of Sociolinguistics, 610-612. Oxford: Elsevier
- Vysotskaya, Irina. 2010. “Our” and “Other’s”, or the interrelationship of Cyrillic and Latin. Lingvistika: Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo Universiteta im. N.I. Lobachevskogo 4 (2) 471-474. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/svoyo-i-chuzhoe-ili-vzaimodeystvie-kirillitsy-i-latinitsy-v-sovremennom-reklamnom-tekste/viewer (accessed 06 May 2021) (In Russ.)
- Yavari, Yulia. 2017. Transcription as a one of the ways to reproduce realia in translation Vestnik of Tver State University: The Philology Series 2. 219-224. (In Russ.)
- Zabrodskaja, Anastassia. 2014. Tallinn: Monolingual from above and multilingual from below. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 228. 105-130