“... to grasp the native's point of view...” - A Plea for a Holistic Documentation of the Trobriand Islanders' Language, Culture and Cognition

封面

如何引用文章

详细

In his famous introduction to his monograph “Argonauts of the Western Pacific” Bronislaw Malinowski (1922: 24f.) points out that a “collection of ethnographic statements, characteristic narratives, typical utterances, items of folk-lore and magical formulae has to be given as a corpus inscriptionum , as documents of native mentality”. This is one of the prerequisites to “grasp the native's point of view, his relation to life, to realize his vision of his world”. Malinowski managed to document a “ Corpus Inscriptionum Agriculturae Quriviniensis ” in his second volume of “Coral Gardens and their Magic” (1935 Vol II: 79-342). But he himself did not manage to come up with a holistic corpus inscriptionum for the Trobriand Islanders. One of the main aims I have been pursuing in my research on the Trobriand Islanders' language, culture, and cognition has been to fill this ethnolinguistic niche. In this essay, I report what I had to do to carry out this complex and ambitious project, what forms and kinds of linguistic and cultural competence I had to acquire, and how I planned my data collection during 16 long- and short-term field trips to the Trobriand Islands between 1982 and 2012. The paper ends with a critical assessment of my Trobriand endeavor.

作者简介

Gunter Senft

Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: Gunter.Senft@mpi.nl

senior investigator at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in Nijmegen (The Netherlands) and extraordinary professor of general linguistics at the University of Cologne (Germany).

Nijmegen, The Netherlands

参考

  1. Baldwin, Bernard. 1971. Dokonikani. Cannibal Tales of the Wild Western Pacific. Pekina: Typoscript. http://trobriandsindepth.com/myths.html
  2. Berger, Peter L. & Luckmann, Thomas. 1966. The Social Construction of Reality. A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. New York: Doubleday.
  3. Degérando, Joseph-Marie. 1797. Considérations sur les diverses méthodes à suivre dans l'observation des peuples sauvages (= Erwägungen über die verschiedenen Methoden der Beobachtung der "wilden Völker". In Sergio Moravia (ed.), Beobachtende Vernunft. Philosophie und Anthropologie in der Aufklärung, 219-251. Frankfurt am Main: Ullstein).
  4. Dixon, Bob. 1984. Searching for Aboriginal Languages. Memoirs of a Field Worker. St. Lucia: University of Queensland Press.
  5. Duranti, Alessandro. 1988. Ethnography of speaking: toward a linguistics of praxis. In Frederick J. Newmeyer (ed.), Linguistics: The Cambridge Survey. Volume IV Language: The Socio-Cultural Context, 210-228. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  6. Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenäus. 1984. Die Biologie des menschlichen Verhaltens. Grundriß der Humanethologie. München: Piper.
  7. Firth, J. Raymond (ed.), 1957. Man and Culture - An Evaluation of the Work of Bronislaw Malinowski. London. Routledge.
  8. Fischer, Hans. 2000. Wörter und Wandel. Ethnographische Zugänge über die Sprache. Berlin: Reimer.
  9. Franklin, Karl. 1992. On language learning claims of ethnographers. In Tom Dutton, Malcolm Ross & Darrell Tryon (eds.), The Language Game: Papers in Memory of Donald C. Laycock, 589-597. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
  10. French, David. 1963. The relationship of anthropology to studies in perception and cognition. In S. Koch (ed.), Psychology: A Study of a Science, Vol 6, 388-428. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  11. Gabelentz, Georg von der. 1901. Die Sprachwissenschaft, ihre Aufgaben, Methoden und bisherigen Ergebnisse. Zweite, vermehrte und verbesserte Auflage. Herausgegeben von Dr. Albrecht Graf von der Schulenburg. Leipzig: Tauchnitz. (Neuauflage: Mit einer Studie von Eugenio Coseriu neu herausgegeben von Gunter Narr & Uwe Petersen. Tübingen: Tübinger Beiträge zur Linguistik 1969; 2. Auflage 1972).
  12. Haddon, Alfred Cort. 1894. The Decorative Art of British New Guinea. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy.
  13. Heymer, Armin. 1977. Vocabulaire éthologique: Allemand - Anglais - Français. Berlin: Parey.
  14. Jahoda, Gustav. 1995. In pursuit of the emic-etic distinction: Can we ever capture it? In Nancy Rule Goldberger & Jody Bennett Veroff (eds.), The Culture and Psychology Reader, 128-138. New York: New York University Press.
  15. Labov, William. 1972. Some principles of linguistic methodology. Language in Society 1. 97-120.
  16. Leach, Jerry W. & Leach, Edmund (eds). 1983. The Kula. New Perspectives on Massim Exchange. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  17. Liep, John. 2015. Dogomomo Xmas, Kwangwe’s Races, and a Murder: W. E. Armstrong and the Rossel Island Money. Oceania 85: 183-198. doi: 10.1002/ocea.5079
  18. Malinowski, Bronislaw. 1920. Classificatory particles in the language of Kiriwina. Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, London Institution, Vol. I, part IV. 33-78.
  19. Malinowski, Bronislaw. 1922. Argonauts of the Western Pacific. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
  20. Malinowski, Bronislaw. 1923. The problem of meaning in primitive languages. In C. K. Ogden & I. A. Richards. The Meaning of Meaning. A study of the Influence of language upon thought and of the science of symbolism. Supplement I. 296-336. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner. (Fourth edition revised 1936).
  21. Malinowski, Bronislaw. 1929. The Sexual Life of Savages in North-Western Melanesia. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.
  22. Malinowski, Bronislaw. 1935. Coral Gardens and their Magic. Vol. I: The Description of Gardening. Vol. II: The Language of Magic and Gardening. London: George Allen & Unwin.
  23. Passer, Matthias B. 2016. The Typology and Diachrony of Nominal Classification. University of Amsterdam PhD thesis. Utrecht: LOT.
  24. Pheby, John & Scholze, Werner (eds.). 1979. Oxford Duden Bildwörterbuch Deutsch und Englisch. Mannheim: Bibliographisches Institut.
  25. Persson, Johnny. 1999. Sagali and the Kula. A Regional System Analysis of the Massim. [Lund Monographs in Social Anthropology 7]. Lund: Department of Sociology, Lund University.
  26. Pike, Kenneth L. 1954. Language in Relation to a Unified Theory of the Structure of Human Behaviour. Part 1. Glendale: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
  27. Powdermaker, Hortense. 1966. Stranger and Friend. The Way of an Anthropologist. New York: W. Norton.
  28. Senft, Barbara & Senft, Gunter. 2018. Growing Up on the Trobriand Islands in Papua New Guinea - Childhood and Educational Ideologies in Tauwema. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. [Downloadable under the following URL: https://doi.org/10.1075/clu.21]
  29. Senft, Gunter. 1986. Kilivila: The Language of the Trobriand Islanders. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. doi: 10.1515/9783110861846
  30. Senft, Gunter. 1987. Kilivila color terms. Studies in Language 11. 313-346. doi: 10.1075/sl.11..03sen
  31. Senft, Gunter. 1991. Mahnreden auf den Trobriand Inseln: Eine Fallstudie. In D. Flader (ed.), Verbale Interaktion: Studien zur Empirie und Methologie der Pragmatik, 27-49. Stuttgart: Metzler.
  32. Senft, Gunter. 1994. These 'Procrustean' feelings: Some of my problems in describing Kilivila. Semaian 11. 86-105.
  33. Senft, Gunter. 1995. Notes from the field: Ain't misbehavin'? Trobriand pragmatics and the field researcher's opportunity to put his (or her) foot in it. Oceanic Linguistics 34.211-226. doi: 10.2307/3623120
  34. Senft, Gunter. 1996. Classificatory Particles in Kilivila. New York: Oxford University Press.
  35. Senft, Gunter (ed). 2000. Systems of Nominal Classification. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  36. Senft, Gunter. 2001. Frames of spatial reference in Kilivila. Studies in Language, 25: 521-555. doi: 10.1075/sl.25.3.05sen
  37. Senft, Gunter. 2006. A biography in the strict sense of the term [Review article of the book Malinowski: Odyssee of an anthropologist 1884-1920, Vol. 1 by Michael Young]. Journal of Pragmatics 38. 610-637. doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.06.012
  38. Senft, Gunter. 2008a. Zur Bedeutung der Sprache für die Feldforschung. In Bettina Beer (ed.), Methoden ethnologischer Feldforschung, 103-118. Berlin: Reimer.
  39. Senft, Gunter (ed.). 2008b. Event conceptualization and event report in serial verb constructions in Kilivila: Towards a new approach to research and old phenomenon. In Gunter Senft (ed.), Serial Verb Constructions in Austronesian and Papuan Languages, 203-230. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
  40. Senft, Gunter. 2009a. Bronislaw Kasper Malinowski. In Gunter Senft, Jan-Ola Östman & Jef Verschueren (eds), Culture and Language Use, 210-225. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: 10.1075/hoph.2.19sen
  41. Senft, Gunter. 2009b. Trobriand Islanders' forms of ritual communication. In Gunter Senft & Ellen B. Basso (eds.), Ritual Communication, 81-101. Oxford: Berg.
  42. Senft, Gunter. 2010. The Trobriand Islanders' Ways of Speaking. Berlin: de Gruyter Mouton. doi: 10.1515/9783110227994
  43. Senft, Gunter. 2011. Talking about color and taste on the Trobriand Islands: A diachronic study. The Senses & Society 6. 48-56. doi: 10.2752/174589311X12893982233713
  44. Senft, Gunter. 2012a. Das Erlernen von Fremdsprachen als Voraussetzung für erfolgreiche Feldforschung. In Jan Kruse, Sthephanie Bethmann, Debora Niermann & Christian Schmieder (eds.), Qualitative Interviewforschung in und mit fremden Sprachen: Eine Einführung in Theorie und Praxis, 121-135. Weinheim: Beltz Juventa.
  45. Senft, Gunter. 2012b. Referring to colour and taste in Kilivila: Stability and change in two lexical domains of sensual perception. In Andrea. C. Schalley (ed.), Practical Theories and Empirical Practice, 71-98. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: 10.1075/hcp.40.04sen
  46. Senft, Gunter. 2014. Understanding Pragmatics. London: Routledge
  47. Senft, Gunter. 2017a. “Control your emotions! If teasing provokes you, you've lost your face..” The Trobriand Islanders' control of their public display of emotions. In Anne Storch (ed.), Consensus and Dissent: Negotiating Emotion in the Public Space, 59-80. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: 10.1075/clu10.04sen
  48. Senft, Gunter. 2017b. Expressions for emotions - and inner feelings - in Kilivila, the language of the Trobriand Islanders: A descriptive and methodological critical essay. In N. Tersis & P. Boyeldieu (eds.), Le langage de l'emotion: Variations linguistiques et culturelles, 349-376. Paris: Peeters
  49. Senft, Gunter. 2018. Pragmatics and anthropology - The Trobriand Islanders' ways of speaking. In Cornelia Ilie & Neal Norrick (eds.), Pragmatics and its Interfaces, 185-211. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi: https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.294.09sen
  50. Sherzer, Joel. 1983. Kuna Ways of Speaking: An Ethnographic Perspective. Austin: University of Texas Press
  51. Werner, Oswald. 1994. Ethnography and Translation - Issues and Challenges. In Sartoniana 7. 59-135
  52. Young, Michael W. 2004. Malinowski: Odyssee of an Anthropologist 1884-1920, Vol. 1. New Haven: Yale University Press
  53. https://www.mpi.nl/people/senft-gunter/publications

版权所有 © Senft G., 2020

Creative Commons License
此作品已接受知识共享署名-非商业性使用 4.0国际许可协议的许可。

##common.cookie##