DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF QUALIFIED LEGAL ASSISTANCE IN RUSSIA AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

The relevance of this work is due to the modern processes of regulation of the legal services market, typical both for Russia and for sovereign States in the post-Soviet space, in order to ensure the constitutional right to qualified legal assistance. The purpose of the work is predetermined by the analysis of ideas about qualified legal assistance in a retrospective and modern sense. The research was based on normative legal acts, including monuments of law, and scientific works (academic publications, monographs) devoted to the development of legal aid. The study was carried out using a set of comparative legal methods: the diachronic method allowed us to compare the basics of legal aid that existed in different historical periods; the synchronous method made it possible to compare the legal reality of Russia with other countries. The problem-chronological method allowed to study the essential features of the evolution of ideas about legal aid that are directly dependent on the socio-cultural transformations of the political and legal system of the and interpretation of norms, implementation of which determines the modern processes of professionalization of legal aid. The study of pre-revolutionary legislation of Russia allowed us to conclude that the traditional understanding of the provision of professional legal assistance by lawyers is formed in the process of socio-cultural modernization of the legal system during the implementation of the Judicial reform of 1864. the Paradigm of legal nihilism in the first years of Soviet power resulted in lacking any qualification requirements for persons who can provide legal assistance, which predetermined the stable practice of lawyers who did not have professional education. The liberalization of legislation during the thaw period contributed to the return to traditional understanding of legal aid. The regulation of legal aid in modern States is carried out in line with the implementation of international standards in national legislation.

About the authors

Anzhelika V. Gavrilova

Kemerovo state University

Author for correspondence.
Email: Anzhik77@mail.ru

Candidate of Legal Science, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of theory and history of state and law of the law Institute

6 Krasnaya str., 650000, Kemerovo, Russian Federation

References

  1. Antoniuk, S. (2019) The Principle of Professionalism of a Lawyer as the Basis for Providing Qualified Legal Assistance to a Client in Civil Legal Proceedings of Ukraine. Traektoriâ Nauki = The trajectory of science. 5 (6). 1001–1011. (in Ukraine).
  2. Alekseeva, L.B., Apraksin, K.N., Savitsky, V.M., et al. (1985) Povyshenie roli advokatury v okazanii yuridicheskoj pomoshchi grazhdanam [Increasing the role of the legal profession in providing legal assistance to citizens]. Sovetskoe gosudarstvo i pravo [Soviet state and law]. (2), 85–99. (in Russian).
  3. Bakulina, S.P. (2017) K voprosu o primenenii osnovnyh principov, kasayushchihsya roli yuristov, v stranah-uchastnic SNG [On the application of the basic principles concerning the role of lawyers in the CIS member States]. Nauka v sovremennom obshchestve: zakonomernosti i tendencii razvitiya [Science in modern society: patterns and trends of development]. Orenburg, С. 30–34. (in Russian).
  4. Balayan, E.Yu. (2015) Constitutional and legal facets of human rights protection within the framework of the modern state functions. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Vol. 2–2(62), 111–118. (in Russian).
  5. Bychkova, S., Churpita, A. (2015) Advokat kak uchastnik grazhdanskih processual'nyh pravootnoshenii [Lawyer as a participant in civil procedural relations]. Civilisticheskaya processual'naya mysl' [Civil procedural thought]. (4), 22–30. (in Russian).
  6. Gavrilov, S.O., Svyatkin, S.I. (2016) Sovetskaya vlast' i advokatura: problema vzaimootnoshenii [Soviet power and advocacy: the problem of relationships]. Chelovek i obshchestvo: na rubezhe tysyacheletii: materialy Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi (zaochnoi) konferentsii [Man and society: at the turn of the Millennium]. Moscow, 27–38. (in Russian).
  7. Gavrilov, S.O., Gavrilova, A.V. (2018) The formation and development of human rights bodies in Russia (historical and legal aspect). Vestnik Universiteta Rossiiskoi Akademii Obrazovaniya [Bulletin of the University of the Russian Academy of education]. (3). 63–69. (in Russian).
  8. Gavrilova, A.V., Kozlova, N.V. (2017) Educational census as a criterion of professionalism of staffing in the law-enforcement system in the Soviet state. Modern scientific thought. (6). 218–225. (in Russian).
  9. Druzhilov, S.A. (2012) The generalized (integrated) approach to development of professionalism. Psikhologicheskie Issledovaniya [Psychological Studies]. (1). 2. (in Russian).
  10. Druzhinina, Yu.F., Trezubov, E.S. (2019) Professional Representation in the Civil Court under the Judicial Reform. Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences. Volume 2019, 2(10). 165–172. Doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2019-3-2-165172. (in Russian).
  11. Efremova, T.F. (2000) Novyi slovar' russkogo yazyka. Tolkovo-slovoobrazovatel'nyi v 2 tomakh [New dictionary of the Russian language. Interpretative and word-forming]. Moscow, Russian language Publ. (in Russian).
  12. Inshakova, A.O., Kvitsinia, N. V. (2018) Reform of Legislation on Rendering Qualified Legal Assistance: Constitutional and Legal Consequences of Implementation. Zakony Rossii: opyt, analiz, praktika [Laws of Russia: experience, analysis, practice]. (2).79–83. (in Russian).
  13. Kireeva, S.A., Asanova, D.N. (2019) Genesis of the institute of qualified legal aid. Law Journal Matters of Russian and International Law. Volume 9, Issue 3A. 45–52. (in Russian).
  14. Klimenko, A.I. (2017) Pravovaya ideologiya sovremennogo politicheski organizovannogo obshchestva [Legal ideology of a modern politically organized society]. Moscow, Norma Publ. (in Russian).
  15. Kutafin, O.E., Lebedev, V.M., Semigin, G.Yu. (2003) Sudebnaya vlast' v Rossii: istoriya, dokumenty. Ot Svoda zakonov k Sudebnoj reforme 1864 g. T.III. [Judicial power in Russia: history, documents. From the Code of laws to Judicial reform in 1864]. Vol. III. In: Naumov, A.V. (ed). Moscow: Thought Publ. 387–447. (in Russian).
  16. Malko, A.V., Afanasiev, S.F., Ermakov, A.N. (2019) Standards of providing qualified legal assistance in the Russian Federation. The Journal “State and Law”. (10). 49–57. doi: 10.31857/S013207690007185-5. (in Russian).
  17. Mironov, S.A. (1926) Yuridicheskaya pomoshch' derevne [Legal aid to the village]. Revolyucionnaya zakonnost' [Revolutionary legality]. Moscow, Legal defense Publ. 15/18. 1–6. (in Russian).
  18. Nedbailo, E.A. (2019) The principle of presumption of innocence from the Soviet period to the present. “Young Scientist”. 26(264). 226–231. (in Russian).
  19. Nemytina, M.V., Mikheeva, Ts.,Ts. (2017) Sotsial'nye otnosheniya i pravo v sovetskom obshchestve [The Social Relations and Law in Soviet Society]. Vestnik Rossiiskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Yuridicheskie nauki [RUDN Journal of Law]. 21 (3). 331–354. doi: 10.22363/2313-2337-2017-21-3-331-354. (in Russian).
  20. Ragimov, I.M., Baburin, S.N., Golik, Yu.V. (2019) Sovremennoe gosudarstvo v epohu global'nyh transformacij: analiticheskij doklad [Modern state in the era of global transformations: analytical report]. I.M. Ragimov, Baburin S.N., Golik Yu.V. [et al.]. Saint Petersburg, LLC “Legal Center-Academy” Publ. (in Russian).
  21. Reznik, G.M. (2007) K voprosu o konstitucionnom soderzhanii ponyatiya “kvalificirovannaya yuridicheskaya pomoshch'” [On the constitutional content of the concept of “qualified legal assistance”]. Advokat [Lawyer]. (4). 25–27. (in Russian).
  22. Skendera, K., Mëngjesi, S. (2014) Lawyer of defendant and his role in the criminal process from the viewpoint of the European Convention on Human Rights and the Albanian criminal procedural legislation. International Scientific Journal. MMXIV (9). 200–212. doi: 10.7336/academicus.2014.09.13. (in Albania).
  23. Shpak, M.V. (2017). Principle of Professionalism as the Basis of Qualified Legal Assistance of Lawyer in Civil Procedure. Bulletin of the national legal Sciences of Ukraine. (1). 211– 219. (in Ukrainian).
  24. Gal'perin, R., Popov, N., Fal'kevich, I. et al. (1925) Yuridicheskaya pomoshch' selu [Legal support to the rural areas] Vestnik Sovetskoi Yusticii [Bulletin of the Soviet Justice]. 1925. 15(49) — 16(60). 584-585.
  25. Vilchyk, T.B. (2016) Debatable questions of the lawyer’s responsibilities definition in the court: the foreign doctrine. Проблеми законності = Problems of legality. (131), 145–155. (in Ukraine).
  26. Volkov, P. (1938) O nedostatkah yuridicheskoj pomoshchi naseleniyu [On the shortcomings of legal aid to the population] Socialisticheskaya zakonnost' [Socialist legality]. (12). 89–91. (in Russian).
  27. Voronov, A.A. (2018) The Fear of the Attorney Monopoly or an Unintentional Violation of the Right to Competent Legal Counsel in a Criminal Procedure? Advocate’s Practice. (5). 10–15. (in Russian).
  28. Vostroknutov, V.A. (2016) Mifologicheskii element v sovremennom obshchestvennom pravosoznanii [Mythological element in modern social justice]. Diss…. cand. legal sciences. National Research Moscow University of the Ministry of internal Affairs of the Russian Federation named after V.Y. Kikot. (in Russian).

Copyright (c) 2020 Gavrilova A.V.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies