No 1 (2009)

The state ecological safety assessment is an important tool in the transition to sustainable development. This article describes the method of calculating the rate of sustainable development and assessment of the level of the state environmental safety and sustainable development.

The opportunity of use of ecological factors for the purposes of finding-out of ecological niches of a laying and definition of types of functioning of a laying as is shown to a part ecosystems.

All the environment factors are exposed to the oscillation. That oscillation leads to the phytocenosis and agroecosystems' microcatastrophes. It is advised to create agroecosystems, that provide sufficient stability of the phytocenosis to the stressful situations and that confines it by the time and by the amplitude. First goal is achieved by the correct selection of the herbage and the rotation of crops. Second - by the irrigation procedure and fertilization system optimization. And, of course, by the methods and techniques of their realization. It is advised to obey the rule of the man-made factor dose compliance to the agroecosystem's adaptive potential. Complex valuation of the irrigation systems and sprinkling machines conception was proposed. New conception of the sprinkling devices design was developed. Firm and simple sprinkling machines were manufactured and tested. These machines make anti-erosive sprinkling ecologically safe. Struggling against salinity of the lands, being irrigated, methodic was proposed.

In southern areas of republic Tatarstan karstic processes form geoecological conditions of territory. Karstic processes concern to a class of dangerous processes. They change landscapes. Development of karstic processes can cause deformations of constructions, failures of buildings, greater inflows of water to underground developments and foundation ditches. In the given work typification of the geological environment has been lead and the estimation of intensity of distribution of karstic processes in the studied territory is made.

In work accumulation natural (40К, 226Ra, 232Th) and technogenic (90Sr, 137Cs) radioactive elements in soils of natural and city territories of republics Mari El and Tatarstan was studied.

In article are considered fisic-mechanical properties of a composite material «Sintegran», their comparative analysis with the traditional materials used in mechanical engineering and other branches of a national economy is given. Considering escalating requirement for increase in container park and transport container at the reference from the Russian Open Society and with a view of metal consumption decrease, recommendations about application of a composite for manufacturing of containers are made. Results of studying of technological decisions in the field of composite processing Sintegran in products of different function have allowed to create pre-production models of essentially new class of materials - pekogranits. The description of manufacturing techniques of the container for storage and transportation ТРО on their basis is resulted.

High concentrations of polymetallic dust under annealing lead-containing ores have toxic impact on respiration system of the workers. Patomorphological moderate changes in organs and blood have been found experimentally. It has in licafed the complex effect of metals containing polymetallic dust with sulphuric anhydride.

The work examines the algorithms and the information structure of the computer systems «Nutrition for health and longevity» aimed for help the dietician doctors and everybody interested in the problem of the healthy diet to objectively analyze one's own ration quality (the extent of its correspondence to the official regulations) and to solve the problem of its optimization considering the individual features of the constitution, the way of life, the ecological situation, the preferences in food and other peculiarities of an individual or the averaged contingent for which the analysis is made.