Environmental baseline assessment - changes 2022

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Abstract

The article examines the changes in the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the assessment of the current state of the environment carried out within the framework of engineering and environmental surveys and the requirements for the preparation of project documentation in terms of environmental impact assessment. Taking into account the updated requirements of legislation is important, not only in the preparation of project documentation - environmental impact assessment and a list of environmental protection measures, but also in the training of environmental specialists. It is essential that the graduate students are aware of the requirements of the legislation and understands that the legislation is subject of change.

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Introduction Starting 2021 Russian legislation is changing in part of health safety and environment, this tendency is continuing for 2022. Starting 17th January 2022 legal requirements for environmental baseline assessment will change from Code of Rules on engineering surveys for construction of SP 11-102-97 “Engineering and Environmental Surveys for Construction” dated 10 July 1997 to Code of Rules SP 502.1325800.2021 “Engineering and Environmental Surveys for Construction. General Rules of Work” dated 16th July 2021. New document is in line with previous requirements, but also introduces more details in the practice of environmental baseline assessment performance. Materials and discussion Environmental baseline assessment is necessary to perform most countries [1] including aspects of cumulative impact [2] either as separate procedure or as a part of environmental impact assessment. The knowledge of modern legal requirements is necessary not only for practitioners generating project documentation [3], but also for activities in Arctic region [4], subsoil exploration [5], energy generation [6], GIS development [7] and specially protected area preservation [8]. There is also a need of improvement of legislation on environmental impact assessment [9; 10]. New legal document - the Code of Rules SP 502.1325800.2021 “Engineering and Environmental Surveys for Construction. General Rules of Work” contains detailed guidance on performance of environmental baseline assessment, including: - the collection, analysis of engineering-ecological surveys of previous years; - decryption and analysis of remote sensing materials and data; - reconnaissance survey of the territory; - route observations; - research and assessment of ambient air pollution; - soil research and assessment of soil contamination; - research and assessment of surface water pollution; - investigation and assessment of groundwater pollution; - investigation and assessment of sediment pollution in surface water bodies; - research and assessment of the radiation situation; - research and evaluation of physical impacts; - sanitary and epidemiological studies; - gas-geochemical studies of soils; - study of socio-economic conditions; - ecological and landscape studies; - study of vegetation cover; - study of the animal world; - study of the impact of dangerous natural and natural-anthropogenic processes on the ecological state of the environment; - ecological testing of individual components of the natural environment (atmospheric air, soils (or soils), surface and groundwater, sediments, hydrobionts (during engineering and environmental surveys in the waters of the seas); - laboratory studies of samples of atmospheric air, soils (or soils), underground and surface waters, bottom sediments; - biological samples (during engineering and environmental surveys in the waters of the seas); - cameral processing of materials; - preparation of a technical report. This document describes most necessary stages of environmental baseline assessment. The stages are same as in previous guiding document. Besides it there are more directions on the period of validity for the results of previous environmental baseline assessment done offshore - for the territorial sea, inland sea waters (in most cases 2 years) and on the shelf (in most cases 3 years). Conclusion Summing up we can conclude that updated legal requirements are in line with previous ones. New requirements contain more information on marine environmental baseline assessment and are in force starting January 17th, 2022. Note that changes of Russian legislation are constant and documents still in force can be periodically updated. Need of legal information requirements familiarization is absolutely necessary for students of environmental specialties.
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About the authors

Tatyana N. Ledashcheva

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)

Email: ledashcheva-tn@rudn.ru
Cand. Sc. Math., Docent, Department of Environmental Security and Product Quality Management, Institute of Environmental Engineering 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation

Vladimir E. Pinaev

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Environmental Consulting Company FRECOM Ltd.

Author for correspondence.
Email: pinaev-ve@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8943-5462

Cand. Sc. Econ., Docent, Department of Environmental Security and Product Quality Management, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); leading specialist, Environmental Consulting Company FRECOM Ltd.

6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; 18 Malaya Pirogovskaya St, bldg 1, Moscow, 119435, Russian Federation

References

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  2. Pinaev VE, Mikheeva AI. Assessment of waste and accumulated ecological damage by remote sensing materials during the assessment of the current state of the environment. Naukovedenie. 2017;9(1):1-10. (In Russ.) Available from: http://naukovedenie.ru/PDF/17EVN117.pdf (accessed: 23.12.2021).
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  8. Slonskaya EA, Sergeenko KV, Dembovskaya VV. Estimation of the ecological state of the environment on the territory of the natural monument of regional importance Markovskie Mountains. Vestnik Sovremennykh Issledovanii. 2018;(8.1(23)):28-31. (In Russ.)
  9. Zhavoronkova NG, Agafonov VB. Analysis and evaluation of modern problems of legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection in the use of mineral resources. Journal of Mineral Resources of Russia. Economics and Management. 2020;(3(172)):65-68. (In Russ.)
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Copyright (c) 2021 Ledashcheva T.N., Pinaev V.E.

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