No 2 (2016)

The author refers to the study of the formation, and the specifics of the political culture of the XIX century the population of Libya, senusizma evolution as a moderator of national integration. By the end of the nineteenth century. spiritual power Senussi Order reached its peak, becoming a kind of "papacy". Messianism and the sanctification of life and leadership became the basis of ideological doctrine senusitov, advocated the creation of a national of an Arab state. In pragmatic terms of the roots of success senusitov seen in the construction of a similar structure to the Zawiya tribal organization of the indigenous population. Al-Mahdi, the son of the Grand Senussi, developed a brotherhood as a powerful political organization. He managed to create a political union built on a synthesis of the dominant power of centripetal and centrifugal tribal vectors. Sanusiyya order was a buffer between the low tradition of pre-Islamic beliefs jahiliyyah and great cultural tradition of Islam. The sanusi programme acted as a synthesis of Sunni Islam and Sufism, is an example of popular religiosity, folklore and syncretic Islam, built on the cult of the family and available "saints", joining the believers and the Prophet. This senusizm fulfilled its historic mission allotted popular religiosity - to ensure social integration and laid the foundation of nation-building. Sanusiyya order acted as a guarantor of political stability in exchange for recognition of their leading role in the political, social and economic process.

The article examines the phenomenon of incarnation that took place among the Kalmyks and Oirats (Torghuts, Jungars, Derbets, Khoshuts) in the XVI-XVIII centuries. Particular attention is paid to incarnations of the well-known Kalmyk (Torghut) Lama Andzhatan (XVII-XVIII centuries), whose activity had had a significant impact on the history of Buddhism among Kalmyks. For the first time in the Russian historiography the author uses the special source - the text, written on the pedestal of the monument to the 19th incarnation of Lama Andzhatan - Lobsang Nyima Danbi (1918-1985), which summarizes the history of the incarnations of this Buddhist leader. The analysis of the text leads to the conclusion that Lama’s incarnations had been continued (or had been resumed) after the exodus of the Kalmyks to China in 1771, thanks to the policy of Qing dynasty, aimed to use religion in the state interest.

This article is devoted to the role of Chinese women during the Second Chinese-Japanese War, and to some aspects of their daily lives. The article is based on diaries, periodical press publications, archival materials and works of Chinese researchers. The Chinese Communist Party aimed to win not only the external aggressor, but also the enemy within the country - Party of the Kuomintang. The author makes a conclusion that Chinese women were forced to take part not only in the liberation struggle of the Chinese people against the Japanese invaders from 1937 to 1945, but also were the social support which ensured the victory of the Chinese communists during the War against the foregn enemies and in the fight for power.

The article studies the uprising problem of different types of migration in a number of countries in Southeast Asia. The paper also touches upon the topic of forming a new type of society in these countries, where immigrants start to play more important role. Moreover their studied the number of questions which become more and more urgent for the receipt society taking into consideration the specificity of these societies, such as their traditional mono or polyethnicity, and also their domestic policy and international reality. In the article it is shown the formation of such processes of socio-economic development and social transformations as gender and age changes of the society, the upgrade of the level of globalization and social mobility processes which straightly involve such countries as Japan, South Korea, China and Taiwan - economically most developed countries in the region. The article also touches upon the cultural and mental features of the regional recipient societies, in connection with which the questions of interethnic, international and intercultural interaction are raised.

The article is devoted to the influence of the Russian and foreign media at the initial stage of the Civil war in Libya. The author notes the considerable influence of the opinions of Western media on the attitudes of Russian journalists on the coverage of events in Libya. In fact, according to the author, self-assessment and analysis of events in Libya between February and October 2011, the Russian media was not given, they broadcast Western point of view. The author notes the significant role of the media in enhancing the image of the opposition in Libya and discredit the official political regime. Under the influence of Western propaganda took a radical turn in the consciousness of Libyan society, including youth - information and the most vulnerable part of the population. Interpretation of Russian and foreign mass media actions of Muammar Gaddafi aimed at protecting the country and its interests, as tyranny against his own people and violation of human rights has influenced a significant part of world public opinion.