Linguistic Parameters of the National Identity of Peruvians through the Prism of Toponymy of Peru

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

The motivational features of Peruvian place names as units marking the geophysical, historical, migration, and linguistic-cultural features of the Peruvian ethnic community are revealed. The article interprets the material of the toponymic system of Peru to establish the linguistic parameters of the national identity of the Peruvians. Statistical data on the genesis of toponyms in Peru is derived, their percentage is calculated in the light of the national identity of the Peruvians, the features of geonaming, linguistic creativity, and markers of toponymic identity are established. Peru differs from other countries of the South American continent in the small percentage of Spanish place names per se . Meanwhile, the derived most productive lexical and semantic categories of Hispanic toponymic nomenclature, including hagiotoponyms, commemorative, descriptive toponyms, migrant toponyms, etc., allow us to consider the toponymy of Peru as an organic part of Hispanic geolinguistic system. The corresponding reasons are comprehended and the conditions favorable to the emergence of geonominations in the region are characterized. In particular, it is concluded that Peruvian toponymic periphrases enter into a relationship of intervariant homonymy with toponymic periphrases of other Spanish linguistic cultures. Being an integral toponymic construct, the toponymicon of Peru reveals universal toponymic patterns, such as, for example, migrant toponyms or transfer place names that already exist at a far distance from them. And Spanish-Indian hybrid or blended place names, according to the authors’ calculations, constitute the largest layer in the country’s toponymic corpus. The article shows that as a result of the preservation of the autochthonous toponymic heritage, cultural and linguistic synthesis, the toponymic of Peru acquired original properties that form the Peruvian toponymic code and an organic part of the linguistic parameters of the national identity of the Peruvians.

About the authors

Olga S. Chesnokova

RUDN University

Email: chesnokova_os@pfur.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7025-4098
SPIN-code: 6485-4278
ResearcherId: A-4860-2017

Dr.Sc. (Philology), Professor, Professor of the Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Philology

6, Miklouho-Maklaya St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 117198

Irina A. Martynenko

RUDN University

Author for correspondence.
Email: irineta@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9798-3378
SPIN-code: 4270-4217
ResearcherId: AAK-6228-2021

Dr.Sc. (Philology), Leading Researcher of the Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Philology

6, Miklouho-Maklaya St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 117198

References

  1. Stepanov, G.V. (2022). Spanish in Latin America. Moscow: URSS. (In Russ.).
  2. Delgado, W. (1984). Historia de la literatura republicana. Lima.
  3. Moreno, V.R. (2016). Stylistic dominants in the Indian prose of H.M. Arguedas as an object of linguistic research [dissertation]. St. Petersburg. (In Russ.).
  4. Chavez Uaman, M.M. (2003). Lexical features of modern colloquial speech in Peru. In: Current problems of modern Spanish studies: collection. Moscow. pp. 134–151. (In Russ.).
  5. de Granda, G. (2004). Una forma deferencial en el español peruano: Su Merced. Lexis, XXVIII, 1–2, 447–459.
  6. Chavez Uaman, M.M. (2006). Modern colloquial speech of Peru: linguistic aspect and intercultural specificity [dissertation]. Moscow. (In Russ.).
  7. Portilla, D.L. (2008). Lexico peruano, español de Lima. Lima: Universidad de San Martín de Porres.
  8. Álvarez, V.J. (2009). Diccionario de peruanismos: el habla castellana del Perú. Lima: Universidad Alas Peruanas.
  9. Shevchenko, A.V. (2009). Features of the Peruvian national version of the Spanish language. Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices, 2, 124–131. (In Russ.).
  10. Quilter, J., Zender, M., Spalding, K., Jordán, R., Mora, C. & Castañeda Murga, J. (2010). Traces of a Lost Language and Number System Discovered on the North Coast of Peru. American Anthropologist, 112(3), 357–369. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1433.2010.01245.x
  11. Toporkova, Yu.A. (2017). Lexico-semantic features of the modern Spanish language of Peru // Philological Sciences. Theory & practice, 10 (76(2)), 160–162. (In Russ.).
  12. Grinina, E. & Romanova, G. (2019). “When you sow the wind, you reap the storm.” Language policy and the fate of the Spanish language (Catalonia, Peru, Philippines). International processes, 17 (3(58)), 66–79. https://doi.org/10.25586/RNU.V925.X.20.01.P.114 (In Russ.).
  13. Romanova, G.S. & Grinina, E.A. (2019). Worldview of the Andean regions of Peru and its reflection in folklore. Rhetoric. Linguistics, 14, 185–198. (In Russ.).
  14. Contreras, O. & Sheifel, N.A. (2019). Language situation in modern Peru. Bulletin of modern research, 4.1(31), 39–43. (In Russ.).
  15. Rogulina, E.E. (2020). On the issue of the modern language situation in Peru // Bulletin of the Russian New University. Series: Man in the Modern World, 1, 114–119. https://doi. org/10.25586/RNU.V925.X.20.01.P.114 (In Russ.).
  16. Comeca Chuquipul, M. & La Torre Ruiz, F. (2014). Recuperación de material toponímico del Perú, legado del Dr. Javier Pulgar Vidal. Investigaciones sociales, 18(33), 105–114. https:// doi.org/10.15381/is.v18i33.10986
  17. Podymova, Yu.N. (2017). Toponyms of Peru in the mirror of a multiethnic region In: Russian language and onomastics in the multicultural educational space of the south of Russia and the northern Caucasus: problems and prospects: Proceedings of the XI International Scientific Conference. Maykop: Magarin O.G. pp. 421–424. (In Russ.).
  18. Radović, M. (2017). Peruvian catoikonyms: variability, morphology and productivity of suffixes. In: III-d Firsova readings. Linguistics in the 21st century: interdisciplinary paradigms. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Moscow: RUDN. pp. 304–307. (In Russ.).
  19. Radović, M. & Chesnokova, O.S. (2020). Linguistic and cultural analysis of toponymic periphrases of Peru. Philological Sciences at MGIMO, 2(22), 110–115. https://doi. org/10.24833/2410–2423-2020-2-22-110-115 (In Russ.).
  20. Gómez, W., Lavado Rojas, B. & Zárate Aliaga, E. (2020). La toponimia peruana. Revalorización educativa, social y económica. Universidad y Sociedad. Revista Científica de la Universidad de Cienfuegos, 12(3), 90–96.
  21. Chesnokova, O.S. Radović, M. & Akhrenov, A.V. (2020). The role of toponymic periphrasis in developing professional competence in learning Spanish. Training, Language and Culture, 4(1), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.22363/2521-442X-2020-4-1-66-74
  22. Zavala, S. (1967). El mundo americano en la época colonial. Mexico: Porrúa.
  23. Chesnokova, O.S. (2010). Geographical names of Colombia. Latin America, 10, 54–60. (In Russ.).
  24. Chesnokova, O. (2011). Toponimia latinoamericana: un enfoque semiótico. Forma y Función, 24(2), 11–24.
  25. Litvin, I.P. (1983). Toponymy of Latin America (experience of synchronous linguistic analysis) [dissertation]. Moscow. (In Russ.).
  26. Adelaar, W. & Muysken, P.C. (2004). The languages of the Andes. Cambridge: Cambridge univ. press.
  27. Carpio Muños, J. (2012). Diccionario de arequipeñismos. Arequipa, Cuzzi y Cia S.A.
  28. Cerrón Palomino, R. (2014). Arte, y vocabulario en la lengua general del Perú. Lima: Instituto Riva Agüero.
  29. Martynenko, I.A. (2023). Hispanic toponymy of the world as a geolinguistic system [dissertation]. Moscow. (In Russ.).
  30. Martynenko, I. (2023). Hispanic toponymy of Chile: linguocultural and linguopragmatic approach. Linha D’Água, 36(1), 160–182. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2236-4242. v36i1p160-18
  31. Magidovich, I.P. & Magidovich, V.I. (1983). Essays on the history of geographical discoveries. In 4 vols. Vol. 2. Moscow: Prosvyashchenie. (In Russ.).
  32. Rakuts, N.V. (2012). Jesuits and Indians in the Viceroyalty of Peru. Latin America, 2, 54–71. (In Russ.).
  33. Rakuts, N.V. (2013). Jesuit missions (reductions) of Spanish South America in the context of the problem of symbiosis of cultures. Ethnographic Review, 3, 102–116. (In Russ.).
  34. Leon, P. (1998). The Discovery and Conquest of Peru. Chronicles of the New World Encounter, A. Cook and N. Cook (Transl.). Durham: Duke University Press.
  35. Prescott, W.H. (1874). The History of the Conquest of Peru. Vol. I. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company.
  36. Postnikov, S.V. & Nemchininov, A.V. (2020). Militaronymous oikonyms: essence and connections with the military sublanguage. International electronic scientific journal, 2(73), 117–128.
  37. Bermúdez Torres, E.A. & Chesnokova, O.S. (2015). Anthroponimia venezolana como parte del espacio culturológico e histórico de Venezuela. In: Yearbook of the Scientific and Educational Center for Latin American Studies of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia. Moscow: RUDN University. pp. 137–153. (In Russ.).
  38. Murzaev, E.M. (1974). Essays on toponymy. Moscow: Mysl. (In Russ.).
  39. Fekete, T. (2022). Historical Code-Mixing in English Place-Names. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholar Publ.
  40. Litvin, I.P. (1976). Hybrid toponymy of Latin America and some features of its transmission into Russian. In: Toponymy and historical geography. Moscow: Moscow branch of the Geographical Society of the USSR. pp. 42–49. (In Russ.).
  41. Beké, L. (2022). Place Naming and Toponymic Silencing in the Sierras of Northern Nuevo México. Journal of the Southwest, 64(3), 495–528. https://doi.org/10.1353/jsw.2022.000
  42. Superanskaya, A.V. (1985). What is toponymy? Moscow: Nauka. (In Russ.).
  43. Basik, S.N. (2006). General toponymy. Minsk. (In Russ.).
  44. Natarov, A.N. (2013). Grammar of the Quechua language. Moscow. (In Russ.).
  45. Spence, L. (2005). Myths of the Incas and Mayans. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf. (In Russ.).

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. Fig. 1. Variability of the toponymic corpus of Peru

Download (63KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2024 Chesnokova O.S., Martynenko I.A.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies