Регуляция нейрогенеза и церебрального ангиогенеза продуктами протеолиза клеточных белков

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Развитие головного мозга представляет собой уникальный процесс, характеризующийся механизмами, определяемыми как нейропластичность (синаптогенез, элиминация синапсов, нейрогенез, церебральный ангиогенез). Многие нарушения развития головного мозга, повреждение головного мозга, а также старение проявляются неврологическим дефицитом, в основе которого - аберрантная нейропластичность. Присутствие стволовых и прогениторных клеток в нейрогенных нишах головного мозга обеспечивает образование новых нейронов, способных интегрироваться в предсуществующие синаптические ансамбли. Определяющими факторами для клеток нейрогенной ниши являются активность сосудистого скаффолда и наличие активных регуляторных молекул, формирующих оптимальное микроокружение. Установлено, что внутримембранный регулируемый протеолиз играет важную роль в контроле процессов нейрогенеза в нейрогенных нишах головного мозга. Молекулы, генерируемые за счет активности специфических протеаз, могут стимулировать или подавлять активность стволовых и прогениторных клеток, их пролиферацию и дифференцировку, миграцию и интеграцию вновь образованных нейронов в синаптические ансамбли. Локальный неоангиогенез поддерживает процессы нейрогенеза в нейрогенных нишах, что гарантируется мультивалентным действием пептидов, формирующихся из трансмембранных белков. Идентификация новых молекул-регуляторов процессов нейропластичности (нейрогенез и ангиогенез) из числа ферментов, субстратов и продуктов внутримембранного протеолиза обеспечит разработку протоколов регистрации процессов нейропластичности и эффективной фармакологической модуляции.

Об авторах

Е. А. Тепляшина

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В. Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: elenateplyashina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7544-3779
г. Красноярск, Российская Федерация

Ю. К. Комлева

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В. Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого

Email: elenateplyashina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5742-8356
г. Красноярск, Российская Федерация

Е. В. Лычковская

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В. Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого

Email: elenateplyashina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4017-1125
г. Красноярск, Российская Федерация

А. С. Дейхина

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В. Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого

Email: elenateplyashina@mail.ru
г. Красноярск, Российская Федерация

А. Б. Салмина

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В. Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого

Email: elenateplyashina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4012-6348
г. Красноярск, Российская Федерация

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© Тепляшина Е.А., Комлева Ю.К., Лычковская Е.В., Дейхина А.С., Салмина А.Б., 2021

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