The article highlights geopolitical importance of the Fergana Valley as a factor of instability in the interstate relations of Central Asia countries. Fergana Valley is a territory that accumulates collisions and conflicts, urgent problems and issues of the Central Asia region (delimitation and demarcation of boundaries, poverty, lack of agricultural and fertility lands, lack of water resources, unemployment, ethnic collisions, and etc.) Therefore, analysis of the main problems in the Fergana Valley plays a big role in understanding of the situation in Central Asia and outside the region.

security, foreign policy, strategy, diplomacy, enclave, ethnic conflicts