RUDN Journal of World History

Editor-in-Chief: Sergey A. Voronin, PhD, Professor, Head of the World History Department in RUDN, Moscow, Russia

ISSN: 2312-8127 (Print)ISSN: 2312-833X (Online)

Founded in 2009. Publication frequency: quarterly. 

Open Access: Open AccessAPC: no article processing charge.

Peer-Review: double blind. Publication language: Russian, English

PUBLISHER: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)

Journal History.

Indexation: Russian Index of Science Citation, DOAJ, Google ScholarUlrich's Periodicals DirectoryWorldCat, East View, Cyberleninka, Dimensions, ResearchBib, Lens, Research4Life, JournalTOCs

 

The aim of the journal is to increase the efficiency of research work in the field of human knowledge through the development of scientific and editorial and publishing activities, as well as dissemination and testing of advanced methodologies and the latest achievements of historical science in order to implement the humanitarian mission of modern classical university.

The journal is intended for publication of the results of independent and original research scholars, faculty, and staff of the University and other research centers in the form of articles, review materials, scientific reports, bibliographic reviews on specific topics and research areas. The magazine covers all areas of the study of history from antiquity to the present.

Based on actual problems of modern historical science, a priority for the journal is to publish research on the problems of Africa, Asia and Latin America. As part of the magazine is also crucial issues related to the socio-political and cultural development of world civilizations of East and West, from antiquity to the present time; and considerable attention is paid to comparative analysis and the role of Russia in the context of the existence of civilizations "East-West".

All materials submitted by the authors to the journal are reviewed.

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Current Issue

Vol 16, No 2 (2024)

East and West: contacts and contradictions

The Idea of Caliphate in the Context of the World War I: Dialogue and Confrontation between East and West
Kirillina S.A., Safronova A.L., Orlov V.V.
Abstract

The significance of the research topic is predetermined by the importance of Caliphatism as a phenomenon of social thought in the history of Islam. The purpose of this study is to analyze the regional specifics of the perception of the institution of Caliphal power in the center and on the periphery of the Islamic world during the First World War (1914-1918). The military failures of the Ottoman Empire and the triumph of the Western colonial powers forced Muslim thinkers to redefine the idea of the community ( ummah ) as a form of spiritual and political unification of the adherents of Islam. The authors focused on the ongoing discussions about the opportunities for Islamic unity and the prospects of the Caliphate in the changing conditions of world geopolitics. The original models of the “Arab Caliphate” and the “Ottoman Caliphate”, later opposed by the Caliphatists to the ideas of secular statehood, manifested themselves in the meaningful ideological dialogue between the defenders and opponents of the Ottoman government. Based on historical sources, the authors analyzed the intellectual work and political positions of Muhammad Rashid Rida (1865-1935), Ali Bash Hamba (1876-1918), Abdul Kalam Azad (1888-1958) and identified the eclectic nature of their ideological and political reactions to the weakening of the power of the Ottoman Sultan-Caliph. It is proved that the specific features of the traditional political culture of the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia have become a decisive factor that led to a different interpretation of the tasks of the Caliphate in the main areas of Islam. In addition, the nature and mechanisms of the influence of the Ottoman intelligence services on the development of the philosophical and ideological justification of the Caliphal power among Muslim intellectuals have been clarified.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):125-141
pages 125-141 views
The Colonial Policy of Belgium in the 19th-20th Centuries
Sidorova G.M.
Abstract

The essence of the colonial policy of former European metropolises in Africa are still being debated in the twenty-first century. The opinions of various authors contradict each other. Some argue that the colonizers brought civilization to the African peoples, others believe that as a result of the introduction of a culture alien to the aborigines, their development was delayed in time. The purpose of the study is to prove that colonialism caused colossal damage to the peoples of the Congo, and the former metropolis, first in the person of only King Leopold II, and then the Kingdom of Belgium, used the slave labor of the local population and their resources only for the sole purpose of enrichment. Analyzing the sources and literature on the colonial period of the Congo, including the testimonies of both European and African eyewitnesses of the events, the correspondence of officials with the Belgian king, as well as the works of authoritative domestic authors, it is concluded that although the era of colonialism has sunk into oblivion, its past continues to leave an imprint on the modern development of the DR Congo, one of the poorest countries in Africa. This is the paradox of one of the continent’s most resource-rich countries with a however low standard of living. For the first time, the study references unique materials collected by the Congolese scholar Mutamba Makombo, as well as the works of the Congolese historian Isidore Ndaywel.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):142-151
pages 142-151 views

Oriental Studies

Hong Xiuquan and Religious Ideology of the Taiping Rebellion in 1850-1864
Kitinov B.U., Kodunova E.A.
Abstract

The Taiping Rebellion in China in the middle of the nineteenth century was not only the largest social revolutionary movement of its time, but a movement inspired in to a large extent by Christianity. The article highlights the important place of the Bible in Hong Xiuquan’s life, its radical reinterpretation by the Taiping leader, and the role that his religious ideology played in the actions of the Taiping and the existence of the Taiping Tianguo. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of religious ideology in the Taiping rebellion, as well as to analyze the views of the leader of their movement. The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to study religious ideologies related to the period of the history of the Qing Empire (1644-1911), as well as the markedly increased scientific interest in the history of China during the reign of the Manchu dynasty. During the study, it was found that under the influence of Western missionaries in southern China, a modified version of Christianity arose, turned by Hong Xiuquan into the ideology of the Taiping movement: the goal was to recreate the kingdom of heaven in this world.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):152-164
pages 152-164 views
Militarization of Culture during Park Chung-hee’s Rule (1961-1979): Focus on South Korean War Movies
Starshinov A.S.
Abstract

The study aims to identify the characteristics of South Korean war films as a component of the militarization of culture during Park Chung-hee’s rule (1961-1979). The surge in the popularity of war cinema in the 1960s stemmed from state film policies aimed at fostering the production and consumption of such films, along with heightened interest from both audiences and film companies. However, as the 1960s progressed, state intervention in the film industry increasingly influenced the production dynamics of war films, precipitating a decline in their quality and commercial success at the box office. By the 1970s, war cinema, having lost its appeal, sustained itself solely through government backing. One of the primary features of war cinema was its methods of depicting “us” and “them”. From the state’s standpoint, the ideologically sound portrayal of the enemy in war cinema entailed a dehumanized depiction of the communists, primarily North Korean soldiers, illustrating their brutality and aggression towards South Korean citizens. Such state’s requirement, however, was paradoxical: on the one hand, the shared Korean identity theoretically allowed for the humanization of North Korean soldiers, on the other hand, their portrayal as strong adversaries committing cruel acts risked glorifying their militarized masculinity, a scenario the state sought to avoid. To reconcile this contradiction, film companies employed a strategy of their de-characterization, stripping them of individual traits and relegating to secondary roles on the periphery of the film narrative. In contrast, South Korean soldiers were portrayed as heroic figures, characterized by their individuality and robust masculinity.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):165-186
pages 165-186 views
The Main Vectors of the Foreign Policy of Bani Khalid Emirate in the Second Half of the 17th - the First Half of the 18th Century
Matveev F.Y.
Abstract

The topic of the current study is of exceptional relevance due to the rather poor knowledge of the life of Eastern Arabia in the 17th and 18th centuries. One of the least studied issues in this field of study is the socio-political history of the Bani Khalid emirate, one of the most significant powers of the Arabian Peninsula during the mentioned period. The main purpose of the article is the reconstruction and primary analysis of the main directions of its foreign policy as well as the factors that influenced its formation. The core of the study consists of data from the Arabian chronicles of the 17th-19th centuries. Its systematization and comprehensive analysis showed that the determining factor in the formation of the foreign policy of the newly formed emirate was the weakening of Ottoman influence in the Persian Gulf, which led to the independence of the East Arabian province of Al-Hasa under the rule of the Khalidites. The absence of serious external threats, the large number of the ruling tribe, the wealth of the lands under its control, as well as the specifics of social life of the emirate allowed its rulers to begin active subjugation of one of the main trade routes of the peninsula, which ran through the southern regions of Central Arabia. New chronicle materials also enable division of this process into three main ones, which differ by the strategies of Bani Khalid leaders in achieving their goals. In general, this work is one of the few studies covering this topic that can also serve as a basis for further research on the history of the Arabian Peninsula.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):187-200
pages 187-200 views
The Arab Geographer Al-Muqaddasi’s Reports on the 10th Century Qabq
Gizbulaev M.A.
Abstract

This paper provides information on the 10th century Qabq history on the basis of translation, commentary and comparative analysis of excerpts in relation to the history of Caucasian peoples from the Arabic geographical works Aḥsan al-taqāsīm fī maʿrifat al-aqālīm (The Best Divisions in the Knowledge of the Regions) of al-Maqaddasī who undertook in a period of twenty years a series of journeys throughout the Muslim world. For this study al-Maqaddasī’s work might be considered as a valuable source because it contains information on the eastern Caucasus (Dagestan, in particular) like: the characteristics of cities, religious trends, distance between various settlements of the region etc. Moreover, I compared some reports on Qabq by al-Maqaddasī and al-Istakhri’s Kitab masalik al-mamalik (“Book of Kingdoms’ Roads“) in order to find out whether the origin of the material is the same for both authors. Also, I noted that N.A. Karaulov’s translation of fragments from al-Maqaddasī’s work on the history of Caucasus people which contains not just stylistic flaws and interpretational errors, but some fragments are missing from the Arabic texts. The results of this research can further the source study in writing the medieval history of Caucasus.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):201-210
pages 201-210 views

Modern World

American Factor in Inter-Korean Relations in 2012-2023
Katkova E.Y., Glushchenko A.I.
Abstract

The relevance of the research topic is due to the active development of the U.S.-South Korean relations and their impact on inter-Korean relations. The role of the United States in the foreign policy of the Republic of Korea is great which not only limits it in developing of its own potential due to the direct dependence on decisions and actions but also hinders the normalization of relations between the two Koreas. The purpose of the research is to examine the dynamics of relations in the triangle ‘‘ROK (Republic of Korea) - DPRK (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) - U.S.”. The main methods of the study include analyzing the events in the triangle ‘‘ROK - DPRK - the U.S.” as well as the texts of UNSC (United Nations Security Council) resolutions on nuclear non-proliferation on the Korean peninsula. The study concludes that despite South Korea’s attempts to stabilize relations with its northern neighbor, its pro-American course in foreign policy has prevented it from making significant concessions. For today, the ROK’s foreign policy is aimed at deepening cooperation with the US and its security partners in the region. Therefore no warming in relations between the two Koreas is expected in the near future.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):211-225
pages 211-225 views
The Chinese view on the Ukranian factor in the international policy
Xie Y.
Abstract

The relevance of the research topic is due to the current situation on the territory of Ukraine, which is characterized by extraordinary tension and confrontation between Russia and the countries of the collective West. The purpose of the study is to determine the Ukrainian factor in international policy and the position of the People’s Republic of China. This work is based on clerical, statistical and journalistic sources. This study is based on the theory of political realism, suggesting constant competition of states defending their national interests. In the process of research the author widely uses institutional, analytical and problem-chronological methods. The main conclusions of the study are the establishment of the main causes of the emergence of the Ukrainian crises, starting from the first years of independence of the state, the identification of Ukraine as an important outpost of the USA and its allies in the region of Eastern Europe, identifying the impact of the Ukrainian crisis of 2022 on international relations in general and specific countries, discovering the implementation of the process of transition from a unipolar world order led by the USA to a multipolar, identifying the reasons for non-interference in the conflict on the territory of Ukraine, which include the assessment of the northern Black Sea Region by the People’s Republic of China as a region meeting strictly economic interests, characterization of the special military operation as an aspect that forced the process of changing the geopolitical situation.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):226-239
pages 226-239 views

HISTORIOGRAPHICAL STUDY

Evolution of the Concept of Cross-Border Cooperation in Russian and Foreign Historiography
Tarasova A.S.
Abstract

Despite cross-border cooperation being an object of study in the socio-humanitarian sciences, few studies comprehensively and purposefully overview its genesis, development, and transformation in historiography. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the evolution of the concept of cross-border cooperation in the works of Russian and foreign researchers. Based on the principle of historicism, as well as using the methods of comparative, systemic, and content analysis, the author identifies the features of the transformation of crossborder cooperation in scientific thought. The research found that since the 20th century, the issue of cross-border cooperation has been actively studied in integration theories, paradiplomacy, and multilevel governance. In Russian and European historiography, cross-border cooperation is understood as (1) concerted actions aimed at strengthening good neighborliness and the development of border territories; (2) cooperation of authorities of neighboring states; and (3) a form of international relations. Russian and foreign approaches differ in the fact that in Russian legislation, the subjects of cross-border cooperation are state actors, while in European legislation, they are territorial communities. Russian law uses the term “crossborder cooperation,“ and in EU law there are also notions of “transboundary cooperation“ and “transnational cooperation.“ The works of Russian authors consider cross-border cooperation as an international activity of Russian regions, while European sources also analyze cooperation within the EU.

RUDN Journal of World History. 2024;16(2):240-259
pages 240-259 views

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