ON THE WAY FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS: SINO-WEST GERMAN TIES IN 1949-1972

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

The article considers the period of informal contacts between the PRC and the FRG before the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1972. There was very little direct contact between the parties in the 1950s. Diplomatic contacts between representatives of the two countries intensified in the 1960s due to the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations and the increasing interest of West German business circles to develop trade ties with the PRC. In the author's opinion, conducted by the West German Chancellor Willy Brandt from 1969 a new foreign policy course, as well as famous visit of President Nixon to China had a great impact on the convergence of China and Germany in the late 1960s - early 1970s. These resulted in the establishment of diplomatic relations between the PRC and the FRG in October 1972.

About the authors

Anatoly Vladimirovich Tsvyk

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)

Author for correspondence.
Email: tsvyk_av@rudn.university

PhD in Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University).

6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198, Russia

References

  1. Galenovich Yu.M. Global'naya strategiya Kitaya. M., 2016.
  2. Stepanov A.I. FRG i Kitai. (K istorii otnoshenii. 1949–1974 gody). M., 1974.
  3. Heilmann S. Grundelemente deutscher Chinapolitik. China Analysis, 2002. No. 14. URL: http://www.chinapolitik.de/files/no_14.pdf.
  4. Gehrig S. (Re-)Configuring Mao: Trajectories of a Culturo-Political Trend in West Germany. Transcultural Studies. 2011. № 2. URL: http://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/journals/ index.php/transcultural/article/view/9072/3106.
  5. Tsvyk A.V. Evolyutsiya vneshnepoliticheskikh doktrin KNR (1950–1990-kh gg.) // Vestnik RUDN. Seriya: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. 2015. №1. S. 53–59.
  6. Schaefer B. Sino-West German Relations during the Mao Era. Wilson Center. URL: https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/sino-west-german-relations-during-the-mao-era.
  7. Memorandum from Department Head Egon Bahr, 'Establishment of Relations with the Communist States in Asia', December 18, 1968, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Institut für Zeitgeschichte, ed., Akten zur auswärtigen Politik der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Juli bis 31. Dezember 1968 (München: Oldenbourg, 1999), 1613–1617. Translated by Bernd Schaefer. URL: http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/ document/119988.
  8. Tsvyk A.V. Kontseptual'nye osnovy vneshnei politiki FRG // Srednerusskii vestnik obshchestvennykh nauk. 2015. T. 10. № 6. S. 244–251.
  9. Albers M. Historical Background to Sino-European Rapprochement in the 1970s. In: Britain, France, West Germany and the People's Republic of China, 1969–1982. Security, Conflict and Cooperation in the Contemporary World. Palgrave Macmillan, London. URL: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56567-9_2.
  10. Note from Department Head Ruete, 'Meeting with the Bonn Xinhua Representative on June 13, 1969', June 23, 1969, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Institut für Zeitgeschichte, ed., Akten zur auswärtigen Politik der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Januar bis 30. Juni 1969 (München: Oldenbourg, 2000), 720–723. Translated by Bernd Schaefer. URL: http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/119989.
  11. Rezolyutsiya General'noi Assamblei OON 2758 (XXVI) «Vosstanovlenie zakonnykh prav Kitaiskoi Narodnoi Respubliki v Organizatsii Ob"edinennykh Natsii». URL:https:// documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/330/82/IMG/NR033082. pdf?OpenElement.
  12. The Opening of China. Richard Nixon Foundation. URL: https://www.nixonfoundation. org/exhibit/the-opening-of-china/.
  13. Memorandum from Department Head Oncken, 'Establishment of Relations with the People's Republic of China and Albania', November 20, 1970, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Institut für Zeitgeschichte, ed., Akten zur auswärtigen Politik der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: 1.Januar bis 30. April 1970 (München: Oldenbourg, 2001), 2089-2091. Translated for CWIHP by Bernd Schaefer. URL: http://digitalarchive. wilsoncenter.org/document/119990.
  14. Sovmestnaya deklaratsiya ob ustanovlenii diplomaticheskikh otnoshenii mezhdu KNR i FRG (中华人民共和国政府和德国联邦共和国政府关于两国建立外交关系的联合公 报) // 40-letie ustanovleniya diplomaticheskikh otnoshenii mezhdu Kitaem i Germaniei: istoriya i perspektivy (中德建交40周年:回顾与展望) pod red. Gu Tszyun'li (顾俊礼), Yan Tszepu (杨解朴). Izdatel'stvo Instituta Sotsial'nykh Nauk Kitaya), 2012.

Copyright (c) 2018 Tsvyk A.V.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies