No 4 (2025)

This paper analyzes the potential of the axiomatic method and metaphysical approach for the subsequent development of physical concepts. The advantages of the metaphysical approach over the axiomatic one are discussed.

In classical mechanics, the motion of a body is characterized by scalar and vector measures of motion. The scalar measure of motion is kinetic energy, the vector measure is momentum. Both of these measures obey the conservation law. In the theory of relativity, a formula is derived that gives the relationship between the mass of a body and its energy ( E = mc 2 ). This formula fits the value of the kinetic energy of a moving body, but there is still no answer to the question of how to interpret the energy, which is equivalent to the mass of a body at rest, i.e. when m = m0 . An attempt to answer it led the author to the conclusion that in the energy balance of a physical body one must take into account its external and internal energy, which, in turn, should be seen as a combination of kinetic and potential energy. To draw such a conclusion, we had to turn to the analysis of Newton’s law of inertia, and then to its generalization based on the study of the phenomenon of red shift of electromagnetic radiation in astrophysics. The article describes a quantum approach to the phenomenon of redshift in the spectra of galaxies, and then this approach is complemented by conclusions that follow from the two-spin interpretation of the solution to the quantum relativistic Dirac equation, which describes the free motion of an electron. Among the fundamental results is a new, unorthodox approach to constructing a cosmological picture of the world.

This paper continues the study of the period spectrum, first discovered in 2015, for the range of 1-120 minutes. Because it was discovered in time series of fluctuations in processes of various natures, this spectrum was named the “universal period spectrum.” Its coincidence with circahoralian rhythms, which are present in the dynamics of practically all biological systems, is demonstrated. The fractal nature, universality, and global nature of this spectrum suggest its general-system nature.

The article examines the awareness of time in the multi-stage cognitive process of perception (from the receipt of external signals to the formation of the concept of the perceived object). The manifestations of time associated with the need for time, with tension, with emotionality are traced. It is shown that in the initial, non-interventional rapid assessment of whether the signal is significant to the subject or not, time manifests itself through awareness of the “Now” through a perceived emotional tone. The similarity of its properties has been revealed understanding time in Bergson’s philosophy. It is concluded that at the stage of determining the object of perception on the basis of memory and imagination, the procedural aspects of time appear, having the property of finiteness defined by Heidegger. The transformations of the procedural manifestation of time in the further semantic processing of the identified object of perception are considered. It is shown that the aspect of the processality of time is associated with the available pragmatic information for the subject in signals, which, manifesting itself in emotion, is an assessment of the need for time. The conclusion is made, that time is associated with emotional perception, that the source of time is in the emotional side of perception.

The hypothesis of life, which goes beyond the generally accepted physical models into the field of its wave principles, is presented. It is based on original experimental data on such variability of information entropy in the processes of human life, society and nature and their mathematical description by the equations of the second approximation of the turbulent Kolmogorov analogy. Some philosophical, social, and economic implications of this hypothesis are discussed.