Понимание украинского языка эстонцами через русский: структурные и экстралингвистические аспекты
- Авторы: Бранец А.1, Вершик А.2
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Учреждения:
- Тартуский университет
- Таллинский университет
- Выпуск: Том 25, № 4 (2021): Сохранение русского языка и языковые контакты постсоветских иммигрантов в Европе и за ее пределами
- Страницы: 1071-1102
- Раздел: Статьи
- URL: https://journals.rudn.ru/linguistics/article/view/29737
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-4-1071-1102
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Аннотация
В исследовании рассматривается, как люди используют и расширяют свои лингвистические ресурсы в ситуации, когда они владеют на некотором уровне вторым языком и пытаются понять третий язык, близкородственный второму языку. Основное внимание в исследовании уделяется пониманию украинского языка с помощью некоторого знания русского носителями эстонского как первого языка. Эта ситуация называется опосредованным рецептивным многоязычием. Целью данного исследования является изучение роли межъязыкового сходства (объективного или предполагаемого, в терминах Ringbom 2007) и экстралингвистических факторов для правильного понимания. Помимо измерения уровня успеха, мы анализируем точку зрения респондентов. Эксперимент был проведен с 30-ю носителями эстонского как первого языка и включал опросник, C-тест на знание русского языка, три украинских текста с различными группами заданий и интервью. В этой статье мы делаем акцент на группе заданий по определению значения украинских слов из текстов, а также на интервью. Результаты показали, что сходство, воспринимаемое или объективное, не является единственным решающим фактором, способствующим пониманию. Объяснения участников подтвердили наши предыдущие выводы о том, что сходство, хотя и играет важную роль, лишь частично отвечает за правильное понимание. Это выяснилось на основе интервью. Во многих случаях на выбор участников влиял ряд экстралингвистических факторов, таких как общие знания, контекст, знакомство с различными регистрами русского языка, фактор многоязычия (М-фактор), металингвистическая сознательность и обучаемость. В некоторых случаях контекст и общие знания перевешивали роль сходства. Результаты показывают, как сходство языков в совокупности с экстралингвистическими факторами способствуют успешному пониманию в сложных ситуациях многоязычия.
Об авторах
Анна Бранец
Тартуский университет
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: anna.branets@ut.ee
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7599-2169
магистр языкознания, аспирант
Тарту, ЭстонияАнна Вершик
Таллинский университет
Email: annave@tlu.ee
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3989-0146
профессор общего языкознания
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