Индексальные и последовательные свойства критических замечаний в начале коммуникации: подходы к изучению (не)вежливости в кросс-культурном аспекте

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Кросс-культурные исследования вежливости и невежливости обычно нацелены на выявление различий в вербальном поведении, проявляющихся в реализации отдельных речевых актов, которые затем объясняются основными культурными различиями. В этой статье показано, что данный подход излишне опирается на эмический взгляд на (не)вежливость, т.е на ее понимание носителями данной культуры. Посредством сравнительного анализа критики в начальной фазе общения тайваньских носителей китайского языка и австралийских носителей английского языка мы обращаем внимание на то, как сходства в способах выражения критики и ответов на нее (то есть их последовательные свойства) могут скрывать различия в релевантных для культуры значениях критики (то есть различия их индексальных свойств) в соответствующих языках. Мы пришли к выводу, что межкультурные исследования (не)вежливости должны не только выявлять различия в формах и стратегиях, с помощью которых реализуются речевые акты, но и учитывать то, что якобы одни и те же речевые акты на самом деле могут быть по-разному истолкованы членами различных культурных групп.

Об авторах

Майкл Хо

Университет Квинсленда

Email: michael.haugh@uq.edu.au
профессор лингвистики, преподает в Школе языков и культур Университета Квинсленда Gordon Greenwood Building, Union Road, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia

Вей-Лин Мелоди Чанг

Университет Квинсленда

Email: melody.chang@uq.edu.au
преподает китайский язык в Школе языков и культур Университета Квинсленда Gordon Greenwood Building, Union Road, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia

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© Хо М., Чанг В.М., 2019

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