No 2 (2016)

Articles

SANUSIYYA ORDER: RELIGIOUS DOCTRINE AND MAJOR ACTIVITIES (THE MIDDLE OF THE NINETEENTH - EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY)

Voronin S.A.

Abstract

The author refers to the study of the formation, and the specifics of the political culture of the XIX century the population of Libya, senusizma evolution as a moderator of national integration. By the end of the nineteenth century. spiritual power Senussi Order reached its peak, becoming a kind of "papacy". Messianism and the sanctification of life and leadership became the basis of ideological doctrine senusitov, advocated the creation of a national of an Arab state. In pragmatic terms of the roots of success senusitov seen in the construction of a similar structure to the Zawiya tribal organization of the indigenous population. Al-Mahdi, the son of the Grand Senussi, developed a brotherhood as a powerful political organization. He managed to create a political union built on a synthesis of the dominant power of centripetal and centrifugal tribal vectors. Sanusiyya order was a buffer between the low tradition of pre-Islamic beliefs jahiliyyah and great cultural tradition of Islam. The sanusi programme acted as a synthesis of Sunni Islam and Sufism, is an example of popular religiosity, folklore and syncretic Islam, built on the cult of the family and available "saints", joining the believers and the Prophet. This senusizm fulfilled its historic mission allotted popular religiosity - to ensure social integration and laid the foundation of nation-building. Sanusiyya order acted as a guarantor of political stability in exchange for recognition of their leading role in the political, social and economic process.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):5-13
pages 5-13 views

TUNISIAN SUFI ORDER ISAWIYYA: THE EXPERIENCE OF FIELD STUDIES AND LIFE IN BROTHERHOOD

Kudelin A.A., Maslov A.I.

Abstract

This article is the description of religious practices and rituals of the Sufi Order Isawiyya made by person who had the experience of life in brotherhood. Description of the history of the Order is based on both its presentation by followers of the Order for the neophytes, and the scientific literature. Tunisian spiritual brotherhood of Isawiya is one of the most respected and at the same time extravagant Sufi orders of North Africa and the Middle East, first of all, thanks to an eclectic basis in their practices, but also due to the relatively "free" views of their followers. The rituals of the order are free to take all comers, including non-Muslims. Another feature of the order is to use special practices to achieve mystical knowledge of Allah: playing musical instruments, dance and holotropic breathwork. It should also be noted that participation in the rituals of Isawiya often plays the role of rite of passage for men in certain areas of Tunisia. These features of religious practice of Isawiya provide its popularity in the twenty-first century and expansion of its spread.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):14-26
pages 14-26 views

LAMA ANDZHATAN: REINCARNATIONS OF TEACHER

Kitinov B.U.

Abstract

The article examines the phenomenon of incarnation that took place among the Kalmyks and Oirats (Torghuts, Jungars, Derbets, Khoshuts) in the XVI-XVIII centuries. Particular attention is paid to incarnations of the well-known Kalmyk (Torghut) Lama Andzhatan (XVII-XVIII centuries), whose activity had had a significant impact on the history of Buddhism among Kalmyks. For the first time in the Russian historiography the author uses the special source - the text, written on the pedestal of the monument to the 19th incarnation of Lama Andzhatan - Lobsang Nyima Danbi (1918-1985), which summarizes the history of the incarnations of this Buddhist leader. The analysis of the text leads to the conclusion that Lama’s incarnations had been continued (or had been resumed) after the exodus of the Kalmyks to China in 1771, thanks to the policy of Qing dynasty, aimed to use religion in the state interest.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):27-35
pages 27-35 views

CAESAR’S NOVATIO IN THE ROMAN LAND LAW

Kirillova M.N.

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the study of the Gaius Julius Caesar’s contribution to the development of roman agricultural law. The statute of the founded iussu Cesarius colony Genetiva Iulia was used as a main source. The author considers the Caesar's legislative innovations, touching surveying net and usage of the common lands. The regulations protecting public roads (we find limites among them) are typical for the roman agricultural legislation. Nevertheless, lex coloniae Genetivae Iuliae contains a fundamental innovation, because it touches categories of colony's lands. We find in the statute not only different kinds of lands - agri and silvae , but also an attempt of regulation of their usage. However, the categories of the common lands of colonies were finally designed only in the Augustus’ legislation.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):36-43
pages 36-43 views

SOME ASPECTS FROM THE HISTORY OF THE WOMEN'S LIBERATION MOVEMENT IN CHINA (ТHE CHINESE WOMEN'S PARTICIPATION IN THE BATTLES OF THE SECOND CHINESE-JAPANESE WAR)

Ryabkova E.S.

Abstract

This article is devoted to the role of Chinese women during the Second Chinese-Japanese War, and to some aspects of their daily lives. The article is based on diaries, periodical press publications, archival materials and works of Chinese researchers. The Chinese Communist Party aimed to win not only the external aggressor, but also the enemy within the country - Party of the Kuomintang. The author makes a conclusion that Chinese women were forced to take part not only in the liberation struggle of the Chinese people against the Japanese invaders from 1937 to 1945, but also were the social support which ensured the victory of the Chinese communists during the War against the foregn enemies and in the fight for power.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):44-52
pages 44-52 views

THE COOPERATION BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND UZBEKISTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF STRENGTHENING SECURITY IN CENTRAL ASIA

Toktamysov S.Z.

Abstract

The article is devoted the analysis of the main areas of interest and cooperation between Pakistan and Uzbekistan. The author emphasize the importance of stability in Afghanistan as a key factor in the development of bilateral cooperation. It is noted the importance of strengthening cooperation between Pakistan and the countries of Central Asia in the context of solutions to regional problems. The processes of globalization affect international relations, activating them and giving the interdependence of the states of the all-embracing and universal character. The author notes the importance of strengthening cooperation in the field of security in the context of countering new challenges and threats, which are a threat to regional security. The author emphasizes the importance of integration relations in the post-soviet area. It was found that the strengthening of cooperation with external actors contribute to the transformation processes in Central Asia. It is showed the role of Pakistan as an important element in overcoming the isolation of the Central Asian countries.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):53-60
pages 53-60 views

MIGRATION PROCESSES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

Egorova M.A.

Abstract

The article studies the uprising problem of different types of migration in a number of countries in Southeast Asia. The paper also touches upon the topic of forming a new type of society in these countries, where immigrants start to play more important role. Moreover their studied the number of questions which become more and more urgent for the receipt society taking into consideration the specificity of these societies, such as their traditional mono or polyethnicity, and also their domestic policy and international reality. In the article it is shown the formation of such processes of socio-economic development and social transformations as gender and age changes of the society, the upgrade of the level of globalization and social mobility processes which straightly involve such countries as Japan, South Korea, China and Taiwan - economically most developed countries in the region. The article also touches upon the cultural and mental features of the regional recipient societies, in connection with which the questions of interethnic, international and intercultural interaction are raised.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):61-72
pages 61-72 views

ABOUT RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY INITIATIVES TO PREVENT GLOBAL MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEM OF UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Butorov A.S.

Abstract

This article analyzes the foreign policy initiatives of Russia at the turn of XX - XXI centuries, aimed at preventing the deployment of a global missile defense system the United States. We consider a policy of double standards by the US administration's unilateral withdrawal from the ABM Treaty in 1972. It is noted that the deployment of US missile defense infrastructure in Eastern European countries in close proximity to Russian borders is a real threat to national security and will inevitably lead to the adoption of adequate measures by Russia. The characteristic of a pan-European missile defense system (Euro-ABM), which was delivered by Russia in 2001. The article describes the main tasks and objectives set by the American side, creating a global missile defense system.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):73-84
pages 73-84 views

INITIAL PHASE OF THE WAR IN LIBYA IN RUSSIAN MEDIA

Rybalchenko A.A.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the influence of the Russian and foreign media at the initial stage of the Civil war in Libya. The author notes the considerable influence of the opinions of Western media on the attitudes of Russian journalists on the coverage of events in Libya. In fact, according to the author, self-assessment and analysis of events in Libya between February and October 2011, the Russian media was not given, they broadcast Western point of view. The author notes the significant role of the media in enhancing the image of the opposition in Libya and discredit the official political regime. Under the influence of Western propaganda took a radical turn in the consciousness of Libyan society, including youth - information and the most vulnerable part of the population. Interpretation of Russian and foreign mass media actions of Muammar Gaddafi aimed at protecting the country and its interests, as tyranny against his own people and violation of human rights has influenced a significant part of world public opinion.
RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):85-96
pages 85-96 views

OUR AUTHORS

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RUDN Journal of World History. 2016;(2):97-98
pages 97-98 views

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