The construction of the Tauriz wheel road in the Russian-Persian transborder region by the Russian Treasury during the early ХХ century
- Authors: Kornoukhova G.G.1
-
Affiliations:
- RUDN University
- Issue: Vol 16, No 4 (2024)
- Pages: 474-489
- Section: Oriental Studies
- URL: https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/42214
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-8127-2024-16-4-474-489
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/IEBZEZ
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
The history of the construction of an important transport artery of the Russian-Persian transborder region - the Tauriz wheel road - is considered within this study. As known, the initially end points of the Julfa - Tabriz route had been planned to be connected by a railway. However, at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries, the Russian government alternatively decided to begin construction first of a wheel road first between the designated sites. The author discusses the history of the construction of the Tabriz wheel road, its quality characteristics, and operational capabilities. The goal is to find out how effective the construction of the Tauriz road was as a temporary measure to increase Russian-Persian trade. The author comes to the conclusion, that, despite the many shortcomings and problems that accompanied the wheel road, both during its construction and operation, the Russian government successfully coped with the task: the constructed wheeled road fulfilled its role as a temporary measure that contributed to the intensification of trade turnover between Russia and Persia.
About the authors
Gadilya G. Kornoukhova
RUDN University
Author for correspondence.
Email: Kornoukhova-gg@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7553-1856
SPIN-code: 1256-9117
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Associate Professor of the Department of History of Russia
6 Miklukho-Maklay St., Moscow, 117198, Russian FederationReferences
- Plamenev I. Rossiya dast v kredit €1,3 mlrd na stroitel’stvo zheleznoi dorogi v Irane [Russia will provide a loan of €1.3 billion for the construction of a railway in Iran]. RBK. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/17/05/2023/6464d6bd9a794744d3582605 [accessed February 8, 2024] (In Russ.).
- Bobynin NN. Persiya, ee ekonomicheskoe polozhenie i vneshnyaya torgovlya 1901–1923 [Persia, its economic situation and foreign trade 1901–1923]. Tiflis: Narodnyi komissariat po vneshnei torgovli Z.S.F.S.R. publ., 1923. (In Russ.).
- Kukanova NG. Ocherki po istorii russko-iranskikh otnoshenii v XVII — pervoi polovine XIX veka (Po materialam russkikh arkhivov) [Essays on the history of Russian-Iranian relations in the XVII — first half of the XIX centuries (Based on materials from Russian archives)]. Saransk: Mordovskoe knizhnoe izdatel’stvo publ., 1977. (In Russ.).
- Ataev KhA. Politicheskie i torgovo-ekonomicheskie otnosheniya Severo-Vostochnogo Irana i Rossii v nachale XX veka (1900–1917) [Political, trade and economic relations between North-Eastern Iran and Russia at the beginning of the XX century (1900–1917)]. Ashkhabad: Ylym publ., 1989. (In Russ.).
- Nikonov OA. Politika Rossiiskoi Imperii na Srednem Vostoke vo vtoroi polovine XIX v. [The policy of the Russian Empire in the Middle East in the second half of the XIX century]. Moscow: Prometei publ., 2015. (In Russ.).
- Gokov OA. Russkaya politika v Irane v nachale 1890-kh gg.: smena prioritetov. The Journal of Dmitry Pozharsky University. 2019;(4):40–100. (In Russ.).
- Larin AB. Before the Storm: Russia and Britain in Iran in 1913. Istoriya. 2021;12(1). (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18254/S207987840013829-0
- Plieva ZT, Tuaeva BV, Kanukova ZV, Kalirad Ali. Activities of Iran’s consular services in the Caucasus in 1905–1911: According to Iranian sources. RUDN Journal of Russian History. 2022;21(4):568–580. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2022-21-4-568-580
- Naumova NA. Vostochnaya Persiya v poslednei treti XIX — nachala XX vv. i ee rol’ v protivostoyanii Rossii i Velikobritanii v Tsentral’noi Azii: dissertatsiya kandidata istoricheskikh nauk [Eastern Persia in the last third of the XIX — early XX centuries. and its role in the confrontation between Russia and Great Britain in Central Asia] [Dissertation]. Stavropol: North Caucasus Federal University; 2022. (In Russ.).
- Dehqannejhad M, Dehqan Nayeri L, Varfinejhad I. Treaty of Turkman Chāy and the Problem of Succession: an Investigation of Russian Interference in Qājār’s Succession Problem. Historical Studies. 2012;(2):43–62.
- Firdous N. Anglo-Russian imperialism in Iran. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 2017;(78):864–68.
- Kazemzadeh F. Russia and Britain in Persia: Imperial ambitions in Qajar Iran. New York: I.B. Tauris; 2013.
- Morshedloo J. Oriental studies and geographical discoveries in favor of colonial strategy: The Case of Russian colonial policy in the Southern Caucasus. Central Eurasia Studies. 2018;(2):491–512. https://doi.org/10.22059/jcep.2019.258293.449771
- Seyyed Bonakdar SM, Kamalvand M. The role of the great game in the inefficiency of the formality system of the Iranian court from 1796 to 1896. Geopolitics Quarterly. 2023;18(4):226–249. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.17354331.1401.18.68.10.2
- Anan’ich BV. Uchetno-ssudnyi bank Persii 1894–1907 [Discount and loan bank of Persia 1894–1907]. Monopolii i inostrannyi kapital v Rossii [Monopolies and foreign capital in Russia], 274–314. Moscow; Leningrad: [N.s.]; 1962. (In Russ.).
- Kulagina LM. Torgovo-ekonomicheskie svyazi Rossii i Irana (XIX — nachalo XIX v.) [Trade and economic relations between Russia and Iran (XIX — early XX century)]. Iran. Istoriya, ekonomika, kul’tura. Pamyati S.M. Alieva [Iran. History, economics, culture. In memory of S.M. Alieva], 118–140. Moscow: IV RAN publ.; 2009. (In Russ.).
- Saparov DD. Tauriz railway 1908–1915. Brief historical sketch of construction. Vestnik Severo-Vostochnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya. 2020;1(3):53–65. (In Russ.).
- Kolpakov PA. Organizatsiya zheleznodorozhnogo soobshcheniya Rossiiskoi imperii i Irana cherez Zakavkaz’e vo vtoroi polovine XIX — nachale XX v. [Organization of railway communication between the Russian Empire and Iran through Transcaucasia in the second half of the XIX — early XX centuries]. ‘V serdtsakh lyudey Krym vsegda byl neot”yemlemoy chast’yu Rossii’: k 10-letiyu vossoyedineniya Kryma s Rossiyey: Materialy XXVI Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii studentov, aspirantov i molodykh uchenykh. Moskva, 17 aprelya 2024 g. Moscow: RUDN Publ., 2024. (In Russ.).
- Kirilets SV. Pervye dal’noboishchiki mezhdunarodnykh perevozok [The first truckers of international transportation]. Gruzovik press. 2013. URL: https:// gruzovikpress.ru/article/1155-pervye- dalnoboyshchiki-mejdunarodnyh- perevozok/?ysclid =lslrqjishi505608279 [accessed: 15.02.2024]. (In Russ.).
- Tomara ML. Ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Persii [Economic situation of Persia]. St. Petersburg: tip. V. Kirshbauma publ.; 1895. (In Russ.).
- Kazem-Zade F. Bor’ba za vliyanie v Persii. Diplomaticheskoe protivostoyanie Rossiii i Anglii [Russia and Britain in Persia: Imperial Ambitions in Qajar Iran]. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf publ., 2004. (In Russ.).
- Gur’ev BM. Poezdka v Tavriz [Trip to Tabriz]. Istoricheskii vestnik. 1912;(128):975–999. (In Russ.).
- Gur’ev BM. Poezdka v Tavriz [Trip to Tabriz]. Istoricheskii vestnik. 1912;(129):310–747. (In Russ.).
- Kornoukhova GG. Russian-Persian economic relations at the beginning of the twentieth century: road construction. Nauchnyi dialog. 2024;13(3):445–462. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2024-13-3-445-462