ОБ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ ЛИНЕЙЧАТЫХ ГЕЛИКОИДАЛЬНЫХ ОБОЛОЧЕК В 2000-2017 ГОДАХ

Аннотация

В настоящее время большое внимание уделяется вопросам развития инфраструктуры, что связано с увеличением строительных объёмов при уменьшении площади застройки, а также привнесения новых архитектурных форм в типовые строения общественно-хозяйственного назначения. В работе был произведен детальный аналитический обзор литературы на тему, посвященную геометрии, статическому расчету и применению линейчатых винтовых оболочек, опубликованной в 2000-2017 годах.

Полный текст

In the second half of the twentieth century, a lot of papers on geometry, the static analysis and the application of helicoidal shells including ruled helical shells were published. The most complete review is given in the review manuscript of S.N. Krivoshapko [1] with 181 references. Five types of ruled helical surfaces (Fig. 1) are described in a work [2]. After 2000, only several scientists-mechanics continued to deal with the ruled helicoidal shells, basically they developed analytical and semi-analytical methods of static analysis. For example, stress-strain state of developable helicoids (Fig. 1, c) under the action of uniformly distributed static load was studied in [3]. Thin open developable helicoidal shells are used in mechanical engineering and in civil engineering. The numerical analysis of shell stress-strain state was fulfilled with the help of the Runge-Kutta method. The analytical asymptotic method of analysis is presented for thin elastic open helicoidal shallow shells given in curvilinear non-orthogonal conjugate coordinates. Right helicoids (Fig.1, a) were investigated by M.I. Rynkovskaya [4]. She found some inaccuracies in the method of calculation proposed by V.G. Rekach [5]. Apparently, it is necessary to introduce a subspecies of right helicoids - pre-twisted beams or plates which from a point of view of the geometry are right helicoids with straight generatrix that intersects the helix axis, that is, a straight generatrix exists on either side of the axis. Unlike from right helicoids, pre-twisted beam is still at the center of attention of scientists in mechanics, and the problems of determination of forms and the frequencies of natural oscillations are investigated in a dozen of works [6]. E.M. Tupikova [7] is actively working on finding analytical and numerical methods for the calculation of oblique helicoids (Fig. 1, b). She solved only one- dimensional problems for this type of helicoids. Only one researcher was looking for methods of calculation of the stress-strain state of long pseudo-developable helicoids (Fig. 1, e). He published only two scientific papers on this subject [8]. The straight generatrixes of this surface on plane coincide with the tangents to the helical guideline as well as in the case of the developable helicoid. For the pseudo-developable helicoids of general type offered by S.F. Pilipaka (Fig. 1, d) [9], the author didn’t find data on determination of their stress-strain state by either analytical or numerical method. Although the number of publications devoted to geometry, static calculation and application of ruled helicoidal shells decreased significantly, but their application has not declined, and it is obviously from the scientific paper of A. Bogolyubov [10]. Conclusion After reviewing of the available scientific and technical literature, the author decided to choose the theme for his master's thesis: "Numerical experiments on the selection of a thin ruled helicoidal shell as applied to civil structures" and I hope that the results obtained in the process of the preparation of the thesis will be useful to my homeland, Haiti. Especially because it’s popular, attractive and it conserves space; it’s a new technology which big countries use for their cities to give them good-looking, pretty and it gives many space for people to move along that’s why we say that it’s economic. It’s the best technology for my country because my homeland doesn’t have a big superficies. Below there are some examples in pictures of this technology (Fig. 2, a,b,c). Figure 2. Examples for ruled helicoidal shells shopping center, Miami (USA) business center, New Jersey(USA), Nap Architects, Japan