Calculation of integrals in MathPartner

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1. Introduction The development of computer algebra systems and cloud computing makes it possible to solve many computational problems. Vladimir Petrovich Gerdt was at the forefront of the development of computer algebra. As a professional physicist, he developed new algorithms for solving problems in mathematical physics and implemented them in many well-known systems of computer algebra. He has worked on systems such as REDUCE, Mathematica, Maple, and Singular. © Malaschonok G.I., Seliverstov A.V., 2021 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ACS. 2021, 29 (4) 337-346 Today, many useful programs and cloud services are available. A new generation of computer algebra systems is actively developing. They are cloudbased systems freely available on the Internet. The MathPartner service is a nice example of this [1]-[4]. Free access to the MathPartner service is possible at http://mathpar.ukma.edu.ua/ as well as http://mathpar.com/. In this review, we consider only a small area of MathPartner application, namely the calculation of definite and indefinite integrals. Symbolic computations and estimates of the computational complexity are of the greatest interest [5]-[9]. However, in some cases, symbolic computations need to be supplemented with numerical methods. In particular, this is true when calculating special functions [10], [11]. For example, elliptic integrals are used to calculate the period of the simple pendulum [12] as well as some properties of porous materials [13], [14]. Robert Henry Risch proposed a method to integrate elementary functions [15], [16]. The method was later improved by Manuel Bronstein [17]. In 2010-2019, an algorithm based on the Liouville- Risch-Davenport-Trager-Bronstein theory was developed at the Laboratory of Algebraic Computations of Derzhavin Tambov State University. A series of papers on symbolic integration algorithms was published by Svetlana Mikhailovna Tararova [18] and Vyacheslav Alekseevich Korabelnikov [19], [20]. The procedures were developed using object-oriented programming in Java. Their description is given in cited publications. Since the symbolic integration theory has not yet been completed, this algorithm can be considered as a good basis for further theoretical and practical development in this important area. Historically, the first major symbolic integration project was the IBM Scratchpad project led by Richard Dimick Jenks. The development of this project as a commercial one was later stopped by the company. However, he played an important role in the development of the theory of symbolic integration and attracting interest in it. Many general computer algebra systems today support symbolic integration of elementary functions. However, they all have a common drawback that is the incompleteness of solving the problem of symbolic integration. Another drawback is the lack of a detailed description of the procedural implementation and the technical possibility of further development of the package of procedures. The most famous example is the cloud-based SAGE system, which provides access to old open source packages that have long been discontinued. On the other hand, commercial systems do not give users access to their packages of procedures, and they do not have specialists who can complete the theory of calculating the antiderivative for the composition of simple elementary functions. Experiments with integration problems from mathematical analysis textbooks show that many problems can be solved using any of the systems such as Mathematica, Maple, and MathPartner. Nevertheless, for each of them, one can find functions that have an antiderivative, but it is not calculated by this system. The MathPartner symbolic integration package is one of the newest packages in this area. It is developed in Java and is the most promising for further development. In a series of important works, Mikhail Nikolaevich Lagutinski (1871-1915) developed a method for determining integrals of polynomial ordinary differential equations in finite terms. He also developed the theory of integrability in finite terms of such systems of equations [21]-[23]. Lagutinski was an outstanding mathematician. He had worked at Kharkiv and died during the First World War. In this article, we also consider the Lagutinski method. Note that he published his papers as Lagoutinsky using the French spelling [24], [25]. The authors are grateful to Mikhail Malykh for comments and historical notes about M.N. Lagutinski. 2. Integrals of some functions 2.1. Indefinite integrals To calculate the indefinite integral of an elementary function

About the authors

Gennadi I. Malaschonok

National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy

Author for correspondence.
Email: malaschonok@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9698-6374

Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Department of Informatics

2, Grigory Skovoroda St., Kyiv, 04070, Ukraine

Alexandr V. Seliverstov

Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute)

Email: slvstv@iitp.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4746-6396

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Leading researcher

19-1, Bolshoy Karetny per., Moscow, 127051, Russian Federation

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