Vol 10, No 4 (2023)
Articles
Digitalization of the transport industry in Russia and new development opportunities
Abstract
The article analyzes the processes of digitalization in the transport industry of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to analyze the specifics of digitalization of the transport industry in Russia and assess the opportunities that this process opens up today and in the future. The authors investigate the main trends in the process of digitalization of transport in Russia and come to the conclusion that digitalization already plays a significant role in the industry, which is initially characterized by a high degree of technology, providing an increase in the efficiency of the national economy, foreign trade and domestic transportation in general. However, a number of problems remain in the transport sector, including those related to the process of digitalization, primarily in ensuring the safety of transportation. In this regard, while maintaining the further trend of digitalization of transport, the authors substantiate the point of view on the need to increase the role of the state, including state control in the transport sector and especially digital processes in the industry.
Digitalization of the construction segment of Russia: the modern stage
Abstract
The article analyzes the digitalization of the construction segment of Russia at the present stage. The purpose of the article is the features and directions of digitalization of the construction industry in Russia as a process that carries both positive effects and threats. The author substantiates the importance of introducing smart home technologies and other digital technologies in the industry and comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to develop own (domestic) digital technologies. This will reduce the import dependence of the industry and the national economy as a whole. At the same time, it seems necessary to strengthen the role of state standards, certification and, in general, regulation of digitalization in the industry.
The impact of digitalization on international trade in services and the role of Africa
Abstract
The relevance of the topic is due to two fundamental processes. On the one hand, the transition to a new technological order, as well as the ongoing process of strengthening the interdependence of national economic systems in the modern world, have led to the rapid development and introduction of digital technologies into all spheres of the world and domestic economy. On the other hand, African countries are still very poorly represented in the global digital space, which preserves the continent's backwardness not only in socio-economic, but also in digital aspects. At the same time, the author substantiates the point of view about the need for Africa to overcome existing restrictions and focus on increasing the import of digital services.
Development of a model for assessing the bank’s level of achievement of ESG indicators
Abstract
The article deals with issues related to the formation of ESG model aimed at assessing the performance of systemically important banks in the context of their contribution to the development of «green finance». The article presents the author's approach aimed at assessing the E S and G components based on the UN Sustainable Development Goals, as this is the only «indicator» used by most systemically important banks in their «green finance» reports as a measure of their contribution to social, environmental and corporate development. ESG is assessed on the basis of banks' non-financial reports in the context of their contribution to ESG development at the bank level and at the level of the economy as a whole.
Stages of the development of the concept of decentralized finance in the global economy: from new institutional economy to DEFI
Abstract
In this article, the authors examine the concept of decentralized finance (DeFi) in the context of the evolutionary genesis of its key principles and ideas. The basic principles of Blockchain technology and smart contracts are considered. The stages of evolution of the concept of decentralized finance and Blockchain technology are analyzed both from the perspective of development as a monetary system and from the point of view of the principles of the New Institutional Economic Theory. As a result, the authors came to the conclusion that the concept of decentralized finance and Blockchain technology provide a number of opportunities to solve many problems associated with both dilemmas of economic theory and conceptual problems of financial services markets.
Providing economic security in banking sector
Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of economic security in the banking sector. The characteristics of the main risk management system and their features are presented. The offenses of an internal and external nature and entailing losses for a credit institution are described. According to the analysis, an extensive list of possible threats in the banking sector has been compiled, which have become particularly relevant in the era of technology development (mobile applications, remote services and irrevocable bank transfers). The authors show how to counter and possible ways to prevent such risks.
Ensuring national energy security as a basic condition for improving the efficiency of the system of international economic relations
Abstract
This article examines the energy interests of the Russian Federation in the international economic arena, as well as identifies new threats and challenges to both national and global energy security related to sanctions restrictions. The paper presents an econometric analysis of the cost of one barrel of URALS crude oil, the main result of which was an assessment of the impact of the imposed sanctions packages against the energy sector of the Russian Federation on the cost of Russian oil. Additionally, the article presents proposals to improve the efficiency of the system of international economic relations in the field of energy security. The study concludes that the concept of energy security is multifaceted and requires an integrated approach to ensure reliable, stable and sustainable energy supplies, minimize the risks of failures in the energy sector, prevent threats to national security and protect the environment.