Chronology of the development of Active Queue Management algorithms of RED family. Part 2: from 2006 up to 2015

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Abstract

This work is the second part of a large bibliographic review of active queue management algorithms of the Random Early Detection (RED) family, presented in the scientific press from 1993 to 2023. This part provides data on algorithms published from 2006 to 2015.

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1. Introduction This work is the second part of the brief bibliographic review of algorithms of the Random Early Detection (RED) family, compiled according to the dates of publication of scientific works (articles and conference proceedings) in which the algorithms in question were presented to the public. The first part was presented in [1]. The authors do not claim that the prepared review includes all existing algorithms, but is the most complete of those published previously, since it includes bibliographic data on 240 algorithms. The characteristics of the RED algorithm are the following: - The algorithm is extremely simple. - The algorithm is designed to use as few computing resources as possible. - The main computational complexity comes from calculating the reset (drop) function. - Due to the use of a moving average in the algorithm, RED handles burst traffic well. - In TCP/IP networks, the RED algorithm helps eliminate the global synchronization problem. It occurs when multiple sources operating over the same congested network segment experience packet loss. As a consequence, these sources simultaneously reduce the speed and then (also simultaneously) gradually increase it, which leads to new congestion, packet loss and repetition of the entire procedure. The network state periodically changes from idle to overloaded. - RED allows to avoid global synchronization by selectively destroying packets from specific sources. The mathematical model of RED-type algorithms is quite complex, so it is extremely problematic to substantiate the influence of different elements of the algorithm on the quality of its work. The key disadvantage of RED, which many experts report, is the lack of a strict algorithm for setting RED parameters [2]. The RED parameters set: - thresholds; - reset (drop) function form; - buffer size. Changing some parameters immediately affects others. Modifications of the RED algorithm consisted, as a rule, either in changing the number and/or value of thresholds (multiple thresholds to define different functions on different segments may be used for this purpose), or in changing the type of drop function (a single linear function was © Zaryadov I. S., Viana H. C.C., Korolkova A. V., Milovanova T. A., 2024 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode replaced by several linear or nonlinear ones, or combinations of linear and nonlinear functions, in order to obtain the behavior as desired under the default configuration), or in replacing the average queue size
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About the authors

Ivan S. Zaryadov

RUDN University; Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the RAS

Email: zaryadov-is@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7909-6396

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Assistant Professor of Department of Probability Theory and Cyber Security, Institute of Computer Science and Telecommunications

6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; 44 Vavilova St, bldg 2, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation

Hilquias C.C. Viana

RUDN University

Email: hilvianamat1@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1928-7641

Ph.D. student of Department of Probability Theory and Cyber Security, Institute of Computer Science and Telecommunications

6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation

Anna V. Korolkova

RUDN University

Email: korolkova-av@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7141-7610

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Probability Theory and Cybersecurity, Institute of Computer Science and Telecommunications

6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation

Tatiana A. Milovanova

RUDN University

Author for correspondence.
Email: milovanova-ta@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9388-9499

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Assistant Professor of Department of Probability Theory and Cybersecurity, Institute of Computer Science and Telecommunications

6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation

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