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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Всеобщая история</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8127</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-833X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">52858</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8127-2026-18-3-343-355</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">POHDCV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT ROME</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ ДРЕВНЕГО РИМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Human nature as a factor of Roman imperial history in the work of Cassius Dio</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Человеческая природа как фактор истории императорского Рима в труде Кассия Диона</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8380-0043</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6551-0847</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Markov</surname><given-names>Konstantin V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марков</surname><given-names>Константин Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. in history, Associate Professor of the Department of Ancient and Medieval History</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры истории древнего мира и Средних веков</p></bio><email>markov@imomi.unn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lobachevsky National Research State University of Nizhny Novgorod</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-10-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Society and Сulture of the Ancient Mediterranean</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Общество и культура античного Средиземноморья</issue-title><fpage>343</fpage><lpage>355</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-10-16"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Markov K.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Марков К.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markov K.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марков К.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/52858">https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/52858</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to modern scholarship, including the studies published in the last decade, the concept of a universal and unchanging human nature, originating with Thucydides, is employed by Cassius Dio mainly to explain the events of republican history, whereas the narrative of imperial Rome has a different conceptual basis. The aim of this study is to determine to what extent Dio’s representation of human nature as a factor in history depends on the subject of the narrative, i.e., on the era and the political system. An analysis of a number of passages has shown that, when writing the history of imperial Rome, Dio does not entirely abandon the Thucydidean concept. He interprets certain events and phenomena of the Principate period in light of the regularities of human behavior. It has been pointed out that such regularities include for Dio not only the recurrence of stasis and civil discord and the specific behavior of politicians during such periods, but also the characteristic features of the political situation in Rome during relatively peaceful times: conspiracies, intrigues among senators vying for privileges obtained from emperors. At the same time, the conception of human nature as an anthropological constant coexists with the Stoic idea of the possibility of healing affections of souls, which is a sign of the evident eclecticism in the conceptual framework of Cassius Dio’s Roman History .</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Согласно современным исследованиям, в т.ч. опубликованным в последнее десятилетие, концепция универсальной и неизменной человеческой природы, восходящая к Фукидиду, применяется Кассием Дионом главным образом для объяснения событий республиканской истории, а повествование об императорском Риме имеет иную концептуальную основу. Цель исследования -- выяснить, в какой степени репрезентация Дионом роли человеческой природы как фактора истории зависит от предмета повествования, т.е. эпохи и политической системы. Анализ ряда пассажей показал, что при написании истории императорского Рима Дион полностью не отказывается от фукидидовской концепции. Он интерпретирует отдельные события и явления периода принципата в свете закономерностей человеческого поведения. Установлено, что к таким закономерностям Дион относит не только повторение смут и междоусобиц и специфику поведения политиков в такие периоды, но также характерные черты политической обстановки в Риме в сравнительно мирные времена: заговоры, интриги среди сенаторов, борющихся за привилегии, получаемые от императоров. Вместе с тем, представление о человеческой природе как об антропологической константе соседствует со стоической идеей возможности исцеления душевных недугов, что является признаком очевидной эклектичности концептуального оформления «Римской истории» Кассия Диона.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Roman Emperors</kwd><kwd>the Roman History</kwd><kwd>Graeco-Roman historiography</kwd><kwd>historical causation</kwd><kwd>Thucydides</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Римские императоры</kwd><kwd>Римская история</kwd><kwd>греко-римская историография</kwd><kwd>историческая причинность</kwd><kwd>Фукидид</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Reinhold M. From Republic to Principate: An Historical Commentary on Cassius Dio’s Roman History, Books 49-52 (36-29 BC). 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