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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Всеобщая история</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8127</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-833X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">51049</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8127-2026-18-2-244-256</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">VYZYJG</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Studies on Chinese history</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Из истории Китая</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Approach of the Kuomintang government to army construction in 1927-1932</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Подход гоминьдановского правительства  к оборонному строительству в 1927-1932 гг.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8933-0451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Tianpeng</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лю</surname><given-names>Тяньпэн</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student of the Institute of Asian and African Countries</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант Института стран Азии и Африки</p></bio><email>2064543989@qq.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>244</fpage><lpage>256</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-07-06"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Liu T.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Лю Т.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Liu T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лю Т.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/51049">https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/51049</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that after the establishment of the Nanjing government in 1927, due to the turbulent situation, it has long faced the contradiction between the urgent need for national defense and the low capacity of industrial production. The purpose of this study is to examine a series of measures taken by the Chinese government to develop the defense industry and armed forces during this period by comparing and analyzing the available archival materials. Based on the method of literature analysis, the author summarizes the following measures taken by the Chinese government during this period: the determination of national armament and equipment standards, the new formation of divisions, and the relocation and construction of factories. But due to factors such as time constraints and lack of production capacity, the relevant work was not fully implemented until the outbreak of military conflict with Japan in 1931, these efforts yielded very limited results. However, these approaches did serve as a basis for further defense construction during the subsequent war with Japan.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В 1927 г. Нанкинское правительство столкнулось с противоречием между острой необходимостью в национальной обороне и слабыми возможностями промышленного производства. Цель исследования - выявить особенности мер, принятых китайским правительством для развития оборонной промышленности и вооруженных сил в этот период, путем сопоставления и анализа имеющихся архивных материалов. Уделено особое внимание следующим аспектам: определение стандартов национального вооружения и техники, новое формирование дивизий, а также передислокация старых и строительство новых заводов. Сделан вывод о том, что из-за таких факторов, как нехватка времени и недостаток производственных мощностей, соответствующая работа не была проведена в полном объеме. До начала военного конфликта с Японией в 1931 г. усилия властей принесли весьма ограниченные результаты. Однако эти подходы послужили основой для дальнейшего оборонного строительства во время последующей войны с Японией.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>National Revolutionary Army</kwd><kwd>The Second Sino-Japanese War</kwd><kwd>War industry</kwd><kwd>Japan</kwd><kwd>China</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Национально-революционная армия</kwd><kwd>Вторая японо-китайская война</kwd><kwd>военная промышленность</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>Япония</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao X. 1928–1935 guojun lujun zhishi wuqi de xuanding [The choice of standard weapons of the National revolutionary army in 1928–1935]. Kangri zhanzheng yanjiu [Research on the Anti-Japanese War]. 2012;(2):4–26. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">1935国军陆军制式武器的选定// 抗日战争研究. 2018. № 2. C. 4–26. 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