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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Всеобщая история</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8127</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-833X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">47902</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8127-2025-17-4-488-499</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">JROMLW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Political history of the East and the West</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Политическая история Востока и Запада</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Velikie derzhavy i anglo-burskaya voyna 1899-1902 gg.: prichiny nevmeshatel'stva</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Великие державы и англо-бурская война 1899-1902 гг.: причины невмешательства</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8839-3889</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4373-7972</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelik</surname><given-names>Boris M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелик</surname><given-names>Борис Моисеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences in History, Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Sub-Saharan Africa</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник Центра изучения стран Африки южнее Сахары</p></bio><email>boris.gorelik@inafr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute for African Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт Африки РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>488</fpage><lpage>499</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-03"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Gorelik B.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Горелик Б.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorelik B.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горелик Б.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/47902">https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/47902</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902 aroused heightened interest among the international community, fuelled by reports of the occupiers’ inhumane treatment of the civilian population of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. However, despite the availability of peacekeeping instruments such as good offices and mediation provided for in the Hague Convention of 1899, and widespread sympathy for the Boers, the governments of the great powers remained neutral. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influenced the positions of the major powers in order to determine why Germany, France, Russia and the United States were unable to work in concert to resolve this conflict. The benevolent neutrality of the United States was the result of its political rapprochement with Great Britain, reinforced by significant exports of military materials and the provision of loans to the British government. Germany’s policy was dictated by its rivalry with London on the one hand and its opposition to the Russian-French alliance on the other, while German neutrality was the price paid for concessions to Great Britain on colonial issues. In France, despite anti-British sentiment after the Fashoda Incident, a pragmatic course of rapprochement with London prevailed in opposition to Germany. In Russia, pragmatic considerations (unwillingness to complicate relations with Great Britain) prevailed over public sympathy for the Boers. The study shows that mutual differences and fears of British naval superiority prevented the major powers from coordinating their efforts. Instead, Germany, Russia, the United States and France used Britain’s distraction in southern Africa to achieve their own geopolitical goals in other regions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Англо-бурская война 1899-1902 гг. вызвала повышенный интерес международной общественности, подогреваемый новостями о негуманном обращении оккупантов с гражданским населением Южно-Африканской Республики и Оранжевого Свободного Государства. Однако, несмотря на наличие инструментов миротворчества, таких как добрые услуги и посредничество, предусмотренных Гаагской конвенцией 1899 г., и симпатии общественности к бурам, правительства великих держав соблюдали нейтралитет. Целью исследования - выявить факторы, повлиявшие на позиции первостепенных держав, чтобы определить, почему Германия, Франция, Россия и США не смогли действовать сообща для урегулирования этого конфликта. Благожелательный нейтралитет США стал результатом их политического сближения с Великобританией, подкрепленного значительным экспортом военных материалов и предоставлением кредитов британскому правительству. Политика Германии была продиктована соперничеством с Лондоном, с одной стороны, и противостоянием русско-французскому союзу, с другой, а германский нейтралитет был платой за уступки Великобритании в колониальных вопросах. Во Франции, несмотря на антибританские настроения после Фашодского инцидента, возобладал прагматичный курс на сближение с Лондоном в противовес Германии. В России прагматические соображения (нежелание осложнять отношения с Великобританией) взяли верх над симпатиями общества к бурам. Проведенное исследование показало, что взаимные противоречия и опасения военно-морского превосходства Великобритании помешали скоординировать усилия первостепенных держав. Вместо этого Германия, Россия, США и Франция использовали отвлечение сил Великобритании на юге Африки ради достижения своих геополитических целей в других регионах.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>foreign policy of the great powers</kwd><kwd>colonialism</kwd><kwd>imperialism</kwd><kwd>South Africa</kwd><kwd>Great Britain</kwd><kwd>United States</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>France</kwd><kwd>Germany</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внешняя политика великих держав</kwd><kwd>колониализм</kwd><kwd>империализм</kwd><kwd>Южная Африка</kwd><kwd>Великобритания</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>Франция</kwd><kwd>Германия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta><fn-group/></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lowry D. “The play of forces world-wide in their scope and revolutionary in their operation [J.A. Hobson]”: The South African war as an international event. 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