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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Всеобщая история</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8127</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-833X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">43958</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8127-2025-17-1-49-62</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BNLBME</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Modern World</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Современный мир</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Iraq in the US foreign policy in the early 1990s</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ирак во внешней политике США в начале 1990-х гг.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2443-5556</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9253-5120</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirichko</surname><given-names>Filipp A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киричко</surname><given-names>Филипп Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, Department of Oriental and African Studies, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры востоковедения и африканистики, факультет гуманитарных и социальных наук</p></bio><email>f_kirichko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 17, NO1 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 17, №1 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-25"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Kirichko F.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Киричко Ф.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirichko F.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киричко Ф.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/43958">https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/43958</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The relevance of the topic is due to the lingering high role of the US in the Middle East and its direct intervention in the region. As in the 1980s and the 1990s, nowadays Washington continues to directly influence the Middle East and be militarily present in it. A relevant example of this is the US comprehensive support of Israel`s war against the Gaza Strip and Lebanon and the permanent deployment of American troops in Iraq. The novelty of the research lies in the introduction of previously unused sources in Arabic into scientific circulation and in the fact that the US policy in the Middle East is being analyzed from the perspective of the serious geopolitical changes currently happening in the region. The aim of the study is to analyze the US policy towards Iraq and its characteristics on the eve of the 1990-1991 Gulf War, during and straightly after it. In the study the following methods were used: generalization, system analysis, analogy, deduction, induction, historical and comparative method. The US Middle East policy in the second half of the 20th century stood on three pillars: energy resources, supporting Israel and curbing USSR`s influence in the region. After Iraq had occupied Kuwait, the White House`s initial “playing” with president Saddam Hussein turned into a hard line aimed at weakening his regime. According to the author, Washington insisted on a military solution to the Iraqi-Kuwaiti crisis and promoted anti-Iraqi agenda, realizing that UN sanctions do not undermine the stability of Hussein`s regime. After the end of the Gulf War the US decided not to continue the military campaign against Hussein`s regime with the aim that Iraq would remain a regional counterweight to the growing Iranian influence. The Gulf War became a rehearsal for George W. Bush`s full-scale Iraqi campaign in 2003.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность темы обусловлена сохраняющейся значительной ролью США на Ближнем Востоке и их прямым вмешательством в регион. Так же как и на рубеже 80-90-х гг. XX в., Вашингтон продолжает непосредственно влиять на Ближний Восток и присутствовать там, в особенности это выражается во всесторонней поддержке войны Израиля против сектора Газа и Ливана, а также постоянной дислокации американских войск в Ираке. Новизна исследования заключается во вводе в научный оборот ранее неиспользованных источников на арабском языке. Цель исследования - проанализировать политику США в отношении Ирака и ее особенности накануне, во время и непосредственно после окончания войны в Персидском заливе 1990-1991 гг. Традиционно ближневосточная политика США во второй половине XX в. стояла на трех китах: энергоресурсы, поддержка Израиля и противостояние влиянию СССР в регионе. С началом оккупации Ираком Кувейта первоначальное «заигрывание» Белого дома с иракским президентом Саддамом Хусейном превратилось в жесткую стратегию, направленную на ослабление его режима. Автор приходит к выводу, что Вашингтон настаивал на военном решении ирако-кувейтского кризиса и продвигал антииракскую повестку, понимая, что санкции ООН не подрывают стабильность режима С. Хусейна. После окончания войны в заливе США отказались от продолжения военной кампании против режима Хусейна с целью, чтобы Ирак продолжал представлять региональный противовес усиливающемуся Ирану. Война в Персидском заливе стала своеобразной репетицией полномасштабной иракской кампании Джорджа Буша-младшего в 2003 г.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Kuwait</kwd><kwd>Gulf War</kwd><kwd>George H.W. 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