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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Всеобщая история</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8127</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-833X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">41619</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8127-2024-16-3-369-383</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">IWJBZN</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPORTS IN ANCIENT GREECE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПОРТ В ДРЕВНЕЙ ГРЕЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Greek pentathletes: the path to victory</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Греческие пятиборцы: путь к победе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0400-4589</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gvozdeva</surname><given-names>Tatiana B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гвоздева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Phd in History, associate Professor of the department of World History, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры всеобщей истории факультета гуманитарных и социальных наук</p></bio><email>tbgvozdeva@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Legal and social life of ancient societies</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Правовая и общественная жизнь древних обществ</issue-title><fpage>369</fpage><lpage>383</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-20"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Gvozdeva T.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Гвоздева Т.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gvozdeva T.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гвоздева Т.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/41619">https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/41619</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the study is to find out how the Greek pentathlon was organized at the Panhellenic Games as well as what was the sequence of competitions in it, whether the rules of its organization differed at the Panhellenic and the local Games, how the judges determined the winner, and which path the pentathlete had to go to victory. Basing on the written sources and epigraphic data, the author demonstrates that the basic principle of the pentathlon organizing was developed at the Olympic Games, but deviations from it were possible at the local Games. The sequence of pentathlon competitions and the determination of the absolute winner is one of the most difficult tasks in the scientific literature but it is directly related to the question of which competitions the athlete should have won on the path to victory. Statistical analysis of data on the athletes’ victories in the pentathlon as well as on the pentathletes’ victories in special disciplines allow the author to assume that pentathletes more often won due to competitions in running rather than in wrestling, and that a track and field athlete had good chances of winning rather than a martial artist.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования - выяснить, как было организовано греческое пятиборье на панэллинских играх, какова была в нем последовательность состязаний, различались ли правила его организация на панэллинских и местных играх, как судьи определяли победителя и какой путь должен был пройти пятиборец к победе. На основе письменных источников и данных эпиграфики автор показывает, что основной принцип организации пятиборья был разработан на Олимпийских играх, но на местных играх возможны были отступления от него. Последовательность состязаний в пятиборье и определение абсолютного победителя является одной из сложных задач в научной литературе, но именно она напрямую связана с вопросом - в каких состязаниях должен был победить атлет на пути к своей победе. Статистический анализ данных о победах атлетов в пятиборье и о победах пятиборцев в специальных дисциплинах дают возможность автору предположить, что пятиборцы чаще одерживали победы за счет состязаний в беге, чем в борьбе, и что больше шансов на победу было у легкоатлета, чем у единоборца.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pentathlon</kwd><kwd>wrestling</kwd><kwd>running</kwd><kwd>Olympic Games</kwd><kwd>Pausanias</kwd><kwd>Philostratus</kwd><kwd>Panathenaea</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пятиборье</kwd><kwd>борьба</kwd><kwd>бег</kwd><kwd>Олимпийские игры</kwd><kwd>Павсаний</kwd><kwd>Филострат</kwd><kwd>Панафинеи</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gvozdeva TB. Hronologija Olimpijskih igr (ot antichnosti do nashih dnej) [Chronology of the Olympic Games (from antiquity to the present day)]. 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