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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of World History</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Всеобщая история</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-8127</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-833X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">38724</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-8127-2024-16-1-41-63</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FWPZME</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Ideas and politics in history</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Идеи и политика в истории</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Conservative Turn in Memory Policies of the the Republic of Korea</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Консервативный поворот в исторической политике Республики Корея</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-7968</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">J-8327-2015</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2804-0219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Natalia Nikolaevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>Наталья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. in History, senior research fellow at the Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, and director of the International Center for Korean Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт востоковедения РАН, директор Международного центра корееведения МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</p></bio><email>nkim@iaas.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт востоковедения Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 16, NO1 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 16, №1 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Kim N.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Ким Н.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kim N.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ким Н.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/38724">https://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/view/38724</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The subject of the study is public disagreements on certain issues of Korean history. The study aims to determine the theoretical principles underlying the memory policies of the conservative government of Yun Seokyeol. On the example of the controversy over the transfer of the bust of the Korean independence movement fighter Hong Beomdo and the restoration of the legacy of Syngman Rhee, the author shows what arguments conservatives and progressives make to defend their position, what tools and techniques they use to establish a certain interpretation of history as the dominant one. The reason for the dispute about the legacy of the fighters for Korean independence, who belonged to the left wing of the national liberation movement, was the decision of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Korea to move the bust of Hong Beomdo, installed in front of the Military Academy, to another place. This decision caused protests from progressive political parties and public organizations, which accused the Yun Seokyeol’s government of an anti-communist approach and disdain for independence fighters. The dispute over Hong Beomdo’s bust also showed that there is no unity among conservatives on this issue. The government of Yun Seokyeol, largely, proceeds in its memory policies from the theoretical approach of the “new right,” the far-right group of the South Korean conservatives, which diminish the importance of anti-Japanese resistance, especially the left wing, in restoring Korean state sovereignty. At the same time, the “new right” proponents highly appreciates the role of the first President Syngman Rhee in the establishment of the Republic of Korea, ensuring its security and prosperity. The conservative government supports public initiatives to restore the positive image of Syngman Rhee, who resigned as a result of the 1960 April Revolution. Progressives have an extremely negative attitude towards conservative’s attempts to revive the legacy of Syngman Rhee, who was guilty of the presidential election fraud and political repressions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Предметом исследования являются общественные разногласия по отдельным вопросам исторического прошлого Кореи. Цель исследования - определить теоретические положения, лежащие в основе исторической политики консервативного правительства Юн Согёля. На примере споров вокруг переноса бюста борца за независимость Кореи Хон Бомдо и восстановления наследия Ли Сынмана автор показывает, какие аргументы приводят консерваторы и прогрессисты в защиту своей позиции, какие инструменты и приемы используют для утверждения определенного толкования истории в качестве доминирующего. Поводом для спора о наследии борцов за независимость Кореи, принадлежавших к левому крылу национально-освободительного движения, стало решение Министерства обороны Республики Корея о переносе бюста Хон Бомдо, установленного у здания Военной Академии, в другое место. Данное решение вызвало протест со стороны прогрессистских политических партий и общественных организаций, обвинивших правительство Юн Согёля в антикоммунистическом подходе и пренебрежительном отношении к борцам за независимость. Спор вокруг бюста Хон Бомдо показал, что среди консерваторов нет единства в данном вопросе. Правительство Юн Согёля в большей степени в своей исторической политике исходит из положений «новых правых», ультраправого течения южнокорейского консерватизма, которое приуменьшает значение антияпонского сопротивления, в особенности левого крыла, в восстановлении государственного суверенитета Кореи. Одновременно с этим «новые правые» высоко оценивают роль первого президента Ли Сынмана в создании Республики Корея, обеспечении ее безопасности и процветания. Консервативное правительство поддерживает общественные инициативы по восстановлению позитивного имиджа Ли Сынмана, ушедшего в отставку в результате Апрельской революции 1960 г. Прогрессисты крайне негативно относятся к попыткам консерваторов реанимировать наследие Ли Сынмана, виновного в фальсификации президентских выборов и политических репрессиях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>conservatives</kwd><kwd>progressives</kwd><kwd>new right</kwd><kwd>historical memory</kwd><kwd>independence movement</kwd><kwd>Hong Beomdo</kwd><kwd>Syngman Rhee</kwd><kwd>I Seungman</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>консерваторы</kwd><kwd>прогрессисты</kwd><kwd>новые правые</kwd><kwd>Хон Бомдо</kwd><kwd>Ли Сынман</kwd><kwd>историческая память</kwd><kwd>движение за независимость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semyachko A. Politika pamyati: kak i zachem gosudarstva formiruyut svoyu istoriyu [Memory Politics: How and why states shape their history]. 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